豆瓣菜Nasturtium officinale
中文名（Chinese Name）：豆瓣菜
学名（Scientific Name）：Nasturtium officinale R. Br.
英文名（English Common Name）：watercress
别名（Chinese Common Name）：西洋菜、水田芥
异名（Synonym）：Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum L. Baeumerta nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. ex Hayek Cardamine fontana Lam. Nasturtium fontanum (Lam.) Asch. Nasturtium nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) H. Karst. Nasturtium siifolium Rchb. Radicula nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Britten & Rendle Rorippa officinalis (R. Br.) P. Royen Nasturtium officinale subsp. rotundifolium A.P. Khokhr. Baeumerta nasturtium P.Gaertn.，B.Mey. & Schreb. Arabis nasturtium Clairv. Cardamine aquatica (Garsault) Nieuwl. Cardaminum nasturtium Moench Cardamine nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Borbás Crucifera fontana E.H.L.Krause Nasturtium nasturtium (Moench) Cockerell Sisymbrium nasturtium (Moench) Willd. Sisymbrium cardaminefolium Gilib. Sisymbrium fluviatile Vell. Sisymbrium amarum Salisb.
科属（Family & Genus）：十字花科（Cruciferae）豆瓣菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生水生草本，高20-40厘米，全体光滑无毛。茎匍匐或浮水生，多分枝，节上生不定根。单数羽状复叶，小叶片3-7（-9）枚，宽卵形、长圆形或近圆形，顶端1片较大，长2-3厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，钝头或微凹，近全缘或呈浅波状，基部截平，小叶柄细而扁，侧生小叶与顶生的相似，基部不等称，叶柄基部成耳状，略抱茎。总状花序顶生，花多数；萼片长卵形，长2-3毫米，宽约1毫米，边缘膜质，基部略呈囊状；花瓣白色，倒卵形或宽是形，具脉纹，长3-4毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，顶端圆，基部渐狭成细爪。长角果圆柱形而扁，长15-20毫米，宽1.5-2毫米；果柄纤细，开展或微弯；花柱短。种子每室2行。卵形，直径约1毫米，红褐色，表面具网纹。花期4-5月，果期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国大部分地区，生于海拔850-3700米的水沟边、山涧边、沼泽或水田中。欧洲、亚洲及北美均有。
用途（Use）：广东及广西部分地区常栽培作蔬菜；全草也可药用，有解热、利尿的效能。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 8 Page 136
Nasturtium officinale R. Brown in W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew. 4: 110. 1812.
豆瓣菜 dou ban cai | Brassicaceae | Nasturtium
Nasturtium officinale
Credit: Harvard University Herbaria
Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 657. 1753; Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (Linnaeus) Hayek.
Herbs perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic, 10-70(-200) cm tall, glabrous throughout or sparsely pubescent with simple trichomes. Stems decumbent or prostrate, erect in emergent plants, branched above, rooting at proximal nodes. Leaves all cauline, pinnately compound, 3-9(-13)-foliolate; petiole auriculate at base; terminal leaflet suborbicular or oblong, 1-4 cm, base obtuse, cuneate, or subcordate, margin entire or repand, apex obtuse; lateral leaflets smaller, usually sessile. Fruiting pedicels slender, divaricate or recurved, 5-12(-20) mm. Sepals oblong, 2-3.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate. Petals white or pink, spatulate or obovate, 2.8-4.5(-6) × 1.5-25 mm, apex rounded; claw ca. 1 mm. Filaments white, 2-3.5 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 0.6 mm. Fruit cylindric, 1-1.5(-2) cm × (1.8-)2-2.5(-3) mm; valves with an obscure midvein; style 0.5-1(-1.5) mm. Seeds biseriate, ovoid, 1-1.3 × 0.7-1 mm, reddish brown, coarsely reticulate, with 25-50(-60) areolae on each side. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. May-Sep. 2n = 32*.
Streams, ditches, lakes, swamps, marshes; near sea level to 3700 m. Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [native to SW Asia and Europe; widely naturalized elsewhere].
Cultivated as a vegetable and used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Nasturtium officinale R. Br.
英文名（English Common Name）：watercress
别名（Chinese Common Name）：西洋菜、水田芥
异名（Synonym）：Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum L. Baeumerta nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. ex Hayek Cardamine fontana Lam. Nasturtium fontanum (Lam.) Asch. Nasturtium nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) H. Karst. Nasturtium siifolium Rchb. Radicula nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Britten & Rendle Rorippa officinalis (R. Br.) P. Royen Nasturtium officinale subsp. rotundifolium A.P. Khokhr. Baeumerta nasturtium P.Gaertn.，B.Mey. & Schreb. Arabis nasturtium Clairv. Cardamine aquatica (Garsault) Nieuwl. Cardaminum nasturtium Moench Cardamine nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Borbás Crucifera fontana E.H.L.Krause Nasturtium nasturtium (Moench) Cockerell Sisymbrium nasturtium (Moench) Willd. Sisymbrium cardaminefolium Gilib. Sisymbrium fluviatile Vell. Sisymbrium amarum Salisb.
科属（Family & Genus）：十字花科（Cruciferae）豆瓣菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生水生草本，高20-40厘米，全体光滑无毛。茎匍匐或浮水生，多分枝，节上生不定根。单数羽状复叶，小叶片3-7（-9）枚，宽卵形、长圆形或近圆形，顶端1片较大，长2-3厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，钝头或微凹，近全缘或呈浅波状，基部截平，小叶柄细而扁，侧生小叶与顶生的相似，基部不等称，叶柄基部成耳状，略抱茎。总状花序顶生，花多数；萼片长卵形，长2-3毫米，宽约1毫米，边缘膜质，基部略呈囊状；花瓣白色，倒卵形或宽是形，具脉纹，长3-4毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，顶端圆，基部渐狭成细爪。长角果圆柱形而扁，长15-20毫米，宽1.5-2毫米；果柄纤细，开展或微弯；花柱短。种子每室2行。卵形，直径约1毫米，红褐色，表面具网纹。花期4-5月，果期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国大部分地区，生于海拔850-3700米的水沟边、山涧边、沼泽或水田中。欧洲、亚洲及北美均有。
用途（Use）：广东及广西部分地区常栽培作蔬菜；全草也可药用，有解热、利尿的效能。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 8 Page 136
Nasturtium officinale R. Brown in W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew. 4: 110. 1812.
豆瓣菜 dou ban cai | Brassicaceae | Nasturtium
Nasturtium officinale
Credit: Harvard University Herbaria
Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 657. 1753; Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (Linnaeus) Hayek.
Herbs perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic, 10-70(-200) cm tall, glabrous throughout or sparsely pubescent with simple trichomes. Stems decumbent or prostrate, erect in emergent plants, branched above, rooting at proximal nodes. Leaves all cauline, pinnately compound, 3-9(-13)-foliolate; petiole auriculate at base; terminal leaflet suborbicular or oblong, 1-4 cm, base obtuse, cuneate, or subcordate, margin entire or repand, apex obtuse; lateral leaflets smaller, usually sessile. Fruiting pedicels slender, divaricate or recurved, 5-12(-20) mm. Sepals oblong, 2-3.5 mm, lateral pair slightly saccate. Petals white or pink, spatulate or obovate, 2.8-4.5(-6) × 1.5-25 mm, apex rounded; claw ca. 1 mm. Filaments white, 2-3.5 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 0.6 mm. Fruit cylindric, 1-1.5(-2) cm × (1.8-)2-2.5(-3) mm; valves with an obscure midvein; style 0.5-1(-1.5) mm. Seeds biseriate, ovoid, 1-1.3 × 0.7-1 mm, reddish brown, coarsely reticulate, with 25-50(-60) areolae on each side. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. May-Sep. 2n = 32*.
Streams, ditches, lakes, swamps, marshes; near sea level to 3700 m. Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [native to SW Asia and Europe; widely naturalized elsewhere].
Cultivated as a vegetable and used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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