大叶风吹楠Horsfieldia kingii
中文名（Chinese Name）：大叶风吹楠
学名（Scientific Name）： Horsfieldia kingii (Hook. f.) Warb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Horsfieldia tetratepala C. Y. Wu Horsfieldia hainanensis Merr. Myristica kingii Hook. f.
科属（Family & Genus）：肉豆蔻科（Myristicaceae）风吹楠属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高6-10米；小枝髓中空，皮层棕褐色，幼时光滑，疏生长椭圆形小皮孔，无毛。叶坚纸质，倒卵形或长圆状倒披针形，长（12-）28-55厘米，宽（5-）15-22厘米，先端锐尖，有时钝，基部渐狭，成宽楔形，除有时中肋被微柔毛外，其余两面无毛；侧脉14-18对，中肋表面下陷成深沟槽，背面微隆起，侧脉至近边缘处多数分叉网结，第三次小脉稀疏，近平行，互相网结，几不明显；叶柄长（1.5-）2.5-4厘米，宽2-3（-5）毫米，具深沟槽，无毛。雄花序腋生或通常从落叶腋生出，长9-15厘米，被疏而短的微绒毛，分枝稀疏，花几成簇，球形；花梗细，略与花等长或近等长；花被2-3裂，裂片阔卵形，先端锐尖；花药12枚，合生成球形；雌花序短，长3-7厘米，多分枝，花近球形，比雄花大，不密集；花被片2或3深裂；子房倒卵球形，被绒毛，柱头无柄。果长圆形，两端渐狭，长4-4.5厘米，中部真径约2.5厘米，盘状花被裂片肥厚，宿存，围绕在果的基部，果外面无毛；果皮厚，革质；假种皮薄，完全包被种子；种子长圆状卵球形，顶端微尖；种皮厚，光清无毛，具光泽，褐色。果期10-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产于云南盈江、瑞丽、龙陵、沧源、景洪等地。生于海拔800-1 200米的沟谷密林中。锡金、印度东北部、孟加拉也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 100
Horsfieldia kingii (J. D. Hooker) Warburg, Monogr. Myristic. 308. 1897.
大叶风吹楠 da ye feng chui nan | Myristicaceae | Horsfieldia
Myristica kingii J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 5: 106. 1886; Horsfieldia hainanensis Merrill; H. tetratepala C. Y. Wu & W. T. Wang.
Trees to 12 m tall; twigs hollow, smooth or with small lenticels, puberulent to glabrous, dark brown. Leaves in (3-)5 rows; petioles 2.5-4 cm, with deep groove, glabrous; leaf blade obovate or oblanceolate, (12-)28-55 × 5-15 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous except sometimes midvein pubescent, base narrowed and then acute, or broadly cuneate, apex acute or shortly acuminate, sometimes blunt; lateral veins 14-18 pairs, midvein raised abaxially, sunken adaxially, tertiary veins sparse, nearly parallel, obscure. Plants dioecious. Male inflorescences axillary or arising from axils of deciduous leaves, 9-15 cm, tomentulose to nearly glabrous. Male flowers: pedicel slender, 1-2 mm, nearly as long as flowers; bud globose, 3- or 4-angled, leathery when dry, lobes (2 or)3 or 4(or 5), splitting bud to ca. 3/4; anthers 12-20, connate into globose synandrium. Female inflorescences 3-7 cm, branched. Female flowers: buds nearly globose or obovoid, ca. 5 mm, larger than male, not clustered, lobes 2 or 3; ovary obovoid, pubescent; stigmas sessile. Fruit ovoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 4-4.5 × ca. 2.5 cm, narrowed at ends, early glabrescent; perianth persistent; pericarp thick, leathery. Seeds ovoid, with slightly pointed apex; testa thick, brown and glossy; aril thin, entire. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Oct-Dec.
Dense forests in ravines; 800-1200 m. Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [India (Assam, Sikkim), N Thailand].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）： Horsfieldia kingii (Hook. f.) Warb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Horsfieldia tetratepala C. Y. Wu Horsfieldia hainanensis Merr. Myristica kingii Hook. f.
科属（Family & Genus）：肉豆蔻科（Myristicaceae）风吹楠属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高6-10米；小枝髓中空，皮层棕褐色，幼时光滑，疏生长椭圆形小皮孔，无毛。叶坚纸质，倒卵形或长圆状倒披针形，长（12-）28-55厘米，宽（5-）15-22厘米，先端锐尖，有时钝，基部渐狭，成宽楔形，除有时中肋被微柔毛外，其余两面无毛；侧脉14-18对，中肋表面下陷成深沟槽，背面微隆起，侧脉至近边缘处多数分叉网结，第三次小脉稀疏，近平行，互相网结，几不明显；叶柄长（1.5-）2.5-4厘米，宽2-3（-5）毫米，具深沟槽，无毛。雄花序腋生或通常从落叶腋生出，长9-15厘米，被疏而短的微绒毛，分枝稀疏，花几成簇，球形；花梗细，略与花等长或近等长；花被2-3裂，裂片阔卵形，先端锐尖；花药12枚，合生成球形；雌花序短，长3-7厘米，多分枝，花近球形，比雄花大，不密集；花被片2或3深裂；子房倒卵球形，被绒毛，柱头无柄。果长圆形，两端渐狭，长4-4.5厘米，中部真径约2.5厘米，盘状花被裂片肥厚，宿存，围绕在果的基部，果外面无毛；果皮厚，革质；假种皮薄，完全包被种子；种子长圆状卵球形，顶端微尖；种皮厚，光清无毛，具光泽，褐色。果期10-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产于云南盈江、瑞丽、龙陵、沧源、景洪等地。生于海拔800-1 200米的沟谷密林中。锡金、印度东北部、孟加拉也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 100
Horsfieldia kingii (J. D. Hooker) Warburg, Monogr. Myristic. 308. 1897.
大叶风吹楠 da ye feng chui nan | Myristicaceae | Horsfieldia
Myristica kingii J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 5: 106. 1886; Horsfieldia hainanensis Merrill; H. tetratepala C. Y. Wu & W. T. Wang.
Trees to 12 m tall; twigs hollow, smooth or with small lenticels, puberulent to glabrous, dark brown. Leaves in (3-)5 rows; petioles 2.5-4 cm, with deep groove, glabrous; leaf blade obovate or oblanceolate, (12-)28-55 × 5-15 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous except sometimes midvein pubescent, base narrowed and then acute, or broadly cuneate, apex acute or shortly acuminate, sometimes blunt; lateral veins 14-18 pairs, midvein raised abaxially, sunken adaxially, tertiary veins sparse, nearly parallel, obscure. Plants dioecious. Male inflorescences axillary or arising from axils of deciduous leaves, 9-15 cm, tomentulose to nearly glabrous. Male flowers: pedicel slender, 1-2 mm, nearly as long as flowers; bud globose, 3- or 4-angled, leathery when dry, lobes (2 or)3 or 4(or 5), splitting bud to ca. 3/4; anthers 12-20, connate into globose synandrium. Female inflorescences 3-7 cm, branched. Female flowers: buds nearly globose or obovoid, ca. 5 mm, larger than male, not clustered, lobes 2 or 3; ovary obovoid, pubescent; stigmas sessile. Fruit ovoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 4-4.5 × ca. 2.5 cm, narrowed at ends, early glabrescent; perianth persistent; pericarp thick, leathery. Seeds ovoid, with slightly pointed apex; testa thick, brown and glossy; aril thin, entire. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Oct-Dec.
Dense forests in ravines; 800-1200 m. Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [India (Assam, Sikkim), N Thailand].
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