辣木 Moringa oleifera
中文名（Chinese Name）：辣木
学名（Scientific Name）：Moringa oleifera Lam.
英文名（English Common Name）：horseradishtree
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn. Moringa moringa (L.) Millsp. Guilandina moringa L. Hyperanthera moringa (L.) Vahl Moringa zeylanica Burmann
科属（Family & Genus）：辣木科（Moringaceae）辣木属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高3-12米；树皮软木质；枝有明显的皮孔及叶痕，小枝有短柔毛；根有辛辣味。叶通常为3回羽状复叶，长25-60厘米，在羽片的基部具线形或棍棒状稍弯的腺体；腺体多数脱落，叶柄柔弱，基部鞘状；羽片4-6对；小叶3-9片，薄纸质，卵形，椭圆形或长圆形，长1-2厘米，宽0.5-1.2厘米，通常顶端的1片较大，叶背苍白色，无毛；叶脉不明显；小叶柄纤弱，长1-2毫米，基部的腺体线状，有毛。花序广展，长10-30厘米；苞片小，线形；花具梗，白色，芳香，直径约2厘米，萼片线状披针形，有短柔毛；花瓣匙形；雄蕊和退化雄蕊基部有毛；子房有毛。蒴果细长，长20-50厘米，直径1-3厘米，下垂，3瓣裂，每瓣有肋纹3条；种子近球形，径约8毫米，有3棱，每棱有膜质的翅。花期全年，果期6-12月。
分布（Distribution）：原产印度，现广植于各热带地区。
用途（Use）：本种通常栽培供观赏；根、叶和嫩果有时亦作食用；种子可榨油，含油30％左右，为一种清澈透明的高级钟表润滑油，且其对于气味有强度的吸收性和稳定性，故可用作定香剂。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 8 Page 196
Moringa oleifera Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 398. 1785.
辣木 la mu| Moringaceae | Moringa
Moringa pterygosperma Gaertner.
Trees to 12 m tall; bark pale smooth to rugose but not fissured. Leaves petiolate, 3-pinnate, 25-60 cm, with stalked glands often exuding clear or amber liquid at base of petiole and leaflets; leaflets in 4-6 pairs, ovate, elliptic, or oblong, 1-2 × 0.5-1.2 cm, puberulous when young but glabrous at maturity, base rounded to cuneate, apex rounded to emarginate; petiolules slender, 1-2 mm. Inflorescence a widely spreading panicle, bracteate, 10-30 cm; bracts linear, ca. 1 mm. Flowers white to cream, fragrant, somewhat resembling an inverted Fabaceae flower with 2 dorsal sepals and 1 dorsal petal usually remaining unreflexed and forming a projecting "keel" while the rest of the perianth reflexes down to form a "banner" at right angles to the "keel", each flower borne on a false pedicel 7-15 mm; true pedicel 1-2 mm. Sepals lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 0.7-1.4 mm, usually puberulent. Petals spatulate, 1-2 cm, glabrous or puberulent at base. Stamens hairy at base. Ovary hairy. Capsule 3-valved, 20-50 × 1-3 cm, dehiscent. Seeds subglobose, 3-angled, 8-15 mm in diam. excluding wings; wings 0.5-1 cm wide, rarely absent. Fl. year round, fr. Jun-Dec.
Cultivated for ornament, sometimes escaping. Guangdong, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to India].
A variant with wingless seeds has been collected in S Yunnan (Xishuangbanna Dai Zu Zizhizhou): K. S. Chow & P. P. Wan 80197 (MO).
The roots have a pungent taste and, like the leaves and young fruits, are used for food; an oil is extracted from the seeds, which also contain a powerful flocculant of use in clarifying turbid water.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Moringa oleifera Lam.
英文名（English Common Name）：horseradishtree
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn. Moringa moringa (L.) Millsp. Guilandina moringa L. Hyperanthera moringa (L.) Vahl Moringa zeylanica Burmann
科属（Family & Genus）：辣木科（Moringaceae）辣木属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高3-12米；树皮软木质；枝有明显的皮孔及叶痕，小枝有短柔毛；根有辛辣味。叶通常为3回羽状复叶，长25-60厘米，在羽片的基部具线形或棍棒状稍弯的腺体；腺体多数脱落，叶柄柔弱，基部鞘状；羽片4-6对；小叶3-9片，薄纸质，卵形，椭圆形或长圆形，长1-2厘米，宽0.5-1.2厘米，通常顶端的1片较大，叶背苍白色，无毛；叶脉不明显；小叶柄纤弱，长1-2毫米，基部的腺体线状，有毛。花序广展，长10-30厘米；苞片小，线形；花具梗，白色，芳香，直径约2厘米，萼片线状披针形，有短柔毛；花瓣匙形；雄蕊和退化雄蕊基部有毛；子房有毛。蒴果细长，长20-50厘米，直径1-3厘米，下垂，3瓣裂，每瓣有肋纹3条；种子近球形，径约8毫米，有3棱，每棱有膜质的翅。花期全年，果期6-12月。
分布（Distribution）：原产印度，现广植于各热带地区。
用途（Use）：本种通常栽培供观赏；根、叶和嫩果有时亦作食用；种子可榨油，含油30％左右，为一种清澈透明的高级钟表润滑油，且其对于气味有强度的吸收性和稳定性，故可用作定香剂。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 8 Page 196
Moringa oleifera Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 398. 1785.
辣木 la mu| Moringaceae | Moringa
Moringa pterygosperma Gaertner.
Trees to 12 m tall; bark pale smooth to rugose but not fissured. Leaves petiolate, 3-pinnate, 25-60 cm, with stalked glands often exuding clear or amber liquid at base of petiole and leaflets; leaflets in 4-6 pairs, ovate, elliptic, or oblong, 1-2 × 0.5-1.2 cm, puberulous when young but glabrous at maturity, base rounded to cuneate, apex rounded to emarginate; petiolules slender, 1-2 mm. Inflorescence a widely spreading panicle, bracteate, 10-30 cm; bracts linear, ca. 1 mm. Flowers white to cream, fragrant, somewhat resembling an inverted Fabaceae flower with 2 dorsal sepals and 1 dorsal petal usually remaining unreflexed and forming a projecting "keel" while the rest of the perianth reflexes down to form a "banner" at right angles to the "keel", each flower borne on a false pedicel 7-15 mm; true pedicel 1-2 mm. Sepals lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 0.7-1.4 mm, usually puberulent. Petals spatulate, 1-2 cm, glabrous or puberulent at base. Stamens hairy at base. Ovary hairy. Capsule 3-valved, 20-50 × 1-3 cm, dehiscent. Seeds subglobose, 3-angled, 8-15 mm in diam. excluding wings; wings 0.5-1 cm wide, rarely absent. Fl. year round, fr. Jun-Dec.
Cultivated for ornament, sometimes escaping. Guangdong, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to India].
A variant with wingless seeds has been collected in S Yunnan (Xishuangbanna Dai Zu Zizhizhou): K. S. Chow & P. P. Wan 80197 (MO).
The roots have a pungent taste and, like the leaves and young fruits, are used for food; an oil is extracted from the seeds, which also contain a powerful flocculant of use in clarifying turbid water.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）踩一下[3]
顶一下[3]