桂花Osmanthus fragrans
中文名(Chinese Name):桂花
学名(Scientific Name):Osmanthus fragrans Lour.
英文名(English Common Name):sweet osmanthus
别名(Chinese Common Name):木犀
异名(Synonym):Osmanthus macrocarpus P. Y. Bai Olea fragrans Thunb. Olea ovalis Miq. Osmanthus longibracteatus H. T. Chang
科属(Family & Genus):木犀科(Oleaceae)木犀属
形态特征(Description):常绿乔木或灌木,高3-5米,最高可达18米;树皮灰褐色。小枝黄褐色,无毛。叶片革质,椭圆形、长椭圆形或椭圆状披针形,长7-14.5厘米,宽2.6-4.5厘米,先端渐尖,基部渐狭呈楔形或宽楔形,全缘或通常上半部具细锯齿,两面无毛,腺点在两面连成小水泡状突起,中脉在上面凹入,下面凸起,侧脉6-8对,多达10对,在上面凹入,下面凸起;叶柄长0.8-1.2厘米,最长可达15厘米,无毛。聚伞花序簇生于叶腋,或近于帚状,每腋内有花多朵;苞片宽卵形,质厚,长2-4毫米,具小尖头,无毛;花梗细弱,长4-10毫米,无毛;花极芳香;花萼长约1毫米,裂片稍不整齐;花冠黄白色、淡黄色、黄色或桔红色,长3-4毫米,花冠管仅长0.5-1毫米;雄蕊着生于花冠管中部,花丝极短,长约0.5毫米,花药长约1毫米,药隔在花药先端稍延伸呈不明显的小尖头;雌蕊长约1.5毫米,花柱长约0.5毫米。果歪斜,椭圆形,长1-1.5厘米,呈紫黑色。花期9-10月上旬,果期翌年3月。
分布(Distribution):原产我国西南部,现各地广泛栽培。
用途(Use):花为名贵香料,并作食品香料。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 292
Osmanthus fragrans Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 29. 1790.
木犀 mu xi | Oleaceae | Osmanthus
Olea fragrans Thunberg ex Murray, Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 57. 1784; O. ovalis Miquel; Osmanthus longibracteatus H. T. Chang; O. macrocarpus P. Y. Bai.
Trees or shrubs 3-5(-10) m, glabrous. Petiole 0.8-1.2 (-1.5) cm; leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 7-14.5 × 2.6-4.5 cm, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin entire or usually serrulate along distal half, apex acuminate; midrib and 6-8(-10) primary veins adaxially impressed and abaxially raised. Cymes fascicled in leaf axils, many flowered; bracts broadly ovate, 2-4 mm. Pedicel 4-10 mm. Calyx ca. 1 mm. Corolla yellowish, yellow, or orange, 3-4 mm; tube 0.5-1 mm. Stamens attached to middle of corolla tube; connective elongated into an obscure mucro. Drupe purple-black, ellipsoid, oblique, 1-1.5 cm. Fl. Sep-Oct, fr. Mar. 2n = 46*.
* Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
Widely cultivated for the perfume of flowers. Varieties based on flower color are only cultivars.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
学名(Scientific Name):Osmanthus fragrans Lour.
英文名(English Common Name):sweet osmanthus
别名(Chinese Common Name):木犀
异名(Synonym):Osmanthus macrocarpus P. Y. Bai Olea fragrans Thunb. Olea ovalis Miq. Osmanthus longibracteatus H. T. Chang
科属(Family & Genus):木犀科(Oleaceae)木犀属
形态特征(Description):常绿乔木或灌木,高3-5米,最高可达18米;树皮灰褐色。小枝黄褐色,无毛。叶片革质,椭圆形、长椭圆形或椭圆状披针形,长7-14.5厘米,宽2.6-4.5厘米,先端渐尖,基部渐狭呈楔形或宽楔形,全缘或通常上半部具细锯齿,两面无毛,腺点在两面连成小水泡状突起,中脉在上面凹入,下面凸起,侧脉6-8对,多达10对,在上面凹入,下面凸起;叶柄长0.8-1.2厘米,最长可达15厘米,无毛。聚伞花序簇生于叶腋,或近于帚状,每腋内有花多朵;苞片宽卵形,质厚,长2-4毫米,具小尖头,无毛;花梗细弱,长4-10毫米,无毛;花极芳香;花萼长约1毫米,裂片稍不整齐;花冠黄白色、淡黄色、黄色或桔红色,长3-4毫米,花冠管仅长0.5-1毫米;雄蕊着生于花冠管中部,花丝极短,长约0.5毫米,花药长约1毫米,药隔在花药先端稍延伸呈不明显的小尖头;雌蕊长约1.5毫米,花柱长约0.5毫米。果歪斜,椭圆形,长1-1.5厘米,呈紫黑色。花期9-10月上旬,果期翌年3月。
分布(Distribution):原产我国西南部,现各地广泛栽培。
用途(Use):花为名贵香料,并作食品香料。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 292
Osmanthus fragrans Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 29. 1790.
木犀 mu xi | Oleaceae | Osmanthus
Olea fragrans Thunberg ex Murray, Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 57. 1784; O. ovalis Miquel; Osmanthus longibracteatus H. T. Chang; O. macrocarpus P. Y. Bai.
Trees or shrubs 3-5(-10) m, glabrous. Petiole 0.8-1.2 (-1.5) cm; leaf blade elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 7-14.5 × 2.6-4.5 cm, base cuneate or broadly cuneate, margin entire or usually serrulate along distal half, apex acuminate; midrib and 6-8(-10) primary veins adaxially impressed and abaxially raised. Cymes fascicled in leaf axils, many flowered; bracts broadly ovate, 2-4 mm. Pedicel 4-10 mm. Calyx ca. 1 mm. Corolla yellowish, yellow, or orange, 3-4 mm; tube 0.5-1 mm. Stamens attached to middle of corolla tube; connective elongated into an obscure mucro. Drupe purple-black, ellipsoid, oblique, 1-1.5 cm. Fl. Sep-Oct, fr. Mar. 2n = 46*.
* Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
Widely cultivated for the perfume of flowers. Varieties based on flower color are only cultivars.
(责任编辑:徐晔春)
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