凤凰木Delonix regia
中文名（Chinese Name）：凤凰木
学名（Scientific Name）：Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf.
英文名（English Common Name）：royal poinciana
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红花楹
异名（Synonym）：Delonix regia var. flavida Stehlé
科属（Family & Genus）：云实科,Caesalpiniaceae凤凰木属
形态特征（Description）：高大落叶乔木，无刺，高达20余米，胸径可达1米；树皮粗糙，灰褐色；树冠扁圆形，分枝多而开展；小枝常被短柔毛并有明显的皮孔。叶为二回偶数羽状复叶，长20-60厘米，具托叶；下部的托叶明显地羽状分裂，上部的成刚毛状；叶柄长7-12厘米，光滑至被短柔毛，上面具槽，基部膨大呈垫状；羽片对生，15-20对，长达5-10厘米；小叶25对，密集对生，长圆形，长4-8毫米，宽3-4毫米，两面被绢毛，先端钝，基部偏斜，边全缘；中脉明显；小叶柄短。伞房状总状花序顶生或腋生；花大而美丽，直径7-10厘米，鲜红至橙红色，具4-10厘米长的花梗；花托盘状或短陀螺状；萼片5，里面红色，边缘绿黄色；花瓣5，匙形，红色，具黄及白色花斑，长5-7厘米，宽3.7-4厘米，开花后向花萼反卷，瓣柄细长，长约2厘米；雄蕊10枚；红色，长短不等，长3-6厘米，向上弯，花丝粗，下半部被绵毛，花药红色，长约5毫米；子房长约1.3厘米，黄色，被柔毛，无柄或具短柄，花柱长3-4厘米，柱头小，截形。荚果带形，扁平，长30-60厘米，宽3.5-5厘米，稍弯曲，暗红褐色，成熟时黑褐色，顶端有宿存花柱；种子20-40颗，横长圆形，平滑，坚硬，黄色染有褐斑，长约15毫米，宽约7毫米。花期6-7月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：原产马达加斯加，世界热带地区常栽种。
用途（Use）：本种在我国南方城市的植物园和公园栽种颇盛，作为观赏树或行道树。树冠扁圆而开展，枝叶密茂，花大而色泽鲜艳，盛开时红花与绿叶相映，色彩夺目，特别艳丽，故名凤凰木。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 40
Delonix regia (Bojer) Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 2: 92. 1837.
凤凰木 feng huang mu | Fabaceae | Delonix
Poinciana regia Bojer, Bot. Mag. 56: t. 2884. 1829.
Trees, deciduous, large, to 20 m tall. Bark grayish brown, rough; crown hemispherical. Branches numerous, spreading; branchlets puberulent, with conspicuous lenticels. Leaves 20-60 cm; stipules in lower part conspicuously pinnatipartite, in upper part setiform; petiole 7-12 cm, glabrous to puberulent, sulcate, inflated at base; petiolules short; pinnae opposite, 15-20 pairs, 5-10 cm; leaflets 25 pairs, crowded, opposite, oblong, 4-8 × 3-4 mm, midvein conspicuous, both surfaces silky, base oblique, margin entire, apex obtuse. Corymbose racemes terminal or axillary. Flowers bright red to orange-red, 7-10 cm in diam.; pedicels 4-10 cm. Receptacle discoid or shortly turbinate. Sepals reddish inside, margin greenish yellow. Petals reflexed after anthesis, red, tinged with yellow and white spotted, spatulate, 5-7 × 3.7-4 cm; claw long, ca. 2 mm, slender. Stamens curved upward, red, unequal in length, 3-6 cm; filaments thick, woolly in lower part; anthers red, ca. 5 mm. Ovary ca. 1.3 cm; stigma small. Legume dark reddish brown, blackish brown when mature, slightly curved, 30-60 × 3.5-5 cm, apex with persistent style. Seeds 20-40, yellowish tinged with brown spots, ca. 15 × 7 mm, smooth, hard. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct.
Cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to Madagascar; often cultivated in the tropics].
This species is widely cultivated in botanical gardens and city parks in S China as an ornamental tree. The resin is soluble in water. The wood is light, soft, and springy, with a special grain, and is used for craft materials.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf.
英文名（English Common Name）：royal poinciana
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红花楹
异名（Synonym）：Delonix regia var. flavida Stehlé
科属（Family & Genus）：云实科,Caesalpiniaceae凤凰木属
形态特征（Description）：高大落叶乔木，无刺，高达20余米，胸径可达1米；树皮粗糙，灰褐色；树冠扁圆形，分枝多而开展；小枝常被短柔毛并有明显的皮孔。叶为二回偶数羽状复叶，长20-60厘米，具托叶；下部的托叶明显地羽状分裂，上部的成刚毛状；叶柄长7-12厘米，光滑至被短柔毛，上面具槽，基部膨大呈垫状；羽片对生，15-20对，长达5-10厘米；小叶25对，密集对生，长圆形，长4-8毫米，宽3-4毫米，两面被绢毛，先端钝，基部偏斜，边全缘；中脉明显；小叶柄短。伞房状总状花序顶生或腋生；花大而美丽，直径7-10厘米，鲜红至橙红色，具4-10厘米长的花梗；花托盘状或短陀螺状；萼片5，里面红色，边缘绿黄色；花瓣5，匙形，红色，具黄及白色花斑，长5-7厘米，宽3.7-4厘米，开花后向花萼反卷，瓣柄细长，长约2厘米；雄蕊10枚；红色，长短不等，长3-6厘米，向上弯，花丝粗，下半部被绵毛，花药红色，长约5毫米；子房长约1.3厘米，黄色，被柔毛，无柄或具短柄，花柱长3-4厘米，柱头小，截形。荚果带形，扁平，长30-60厘米，宽3.5-5厘米，稍弯曲，暗红褐色，成熟时黑褐色，顶端有宿存花柱；种子20-40颗，横长圆形，平滑，坚硬，黄色染有褐斑，长约15毫米，宽约7毫米。花期6-7月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：原产马达加斯加，世界热带地区常栽种。
用途（Use）：本种在我国南方城市的植物园和公园栽种颇盛，作为观赏树或行道树。树冠扁圆而开展，枝叶密茂，花大而色泽鲜艳，盛开时红花与绿叶相映，色彩夺目，特别艳丽，故名凤凰木。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 40
Delonix regia (Bojer) Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 2: 92. 1837.
凤凰木 feng huang mu | Fabaceae | Delonix
Poinciana regia Bojer, Bot. Mag. 56: t. 2884. 1829.
Trees, deciduous, large, to 20 m tall. Bark grayish brown, rough; crown hemispherical. Branches numerous, spreading; branchlets puberulent, with conspicuous lenticels. Leaves 20-60 cm; stipules in lower part conspicuously pinnatipartite, in upper part setiform; petiole 7-12 cm, glabrous to puberulent, sulcate, inflated at base; petiolules short; pinnae opposite, 15-20 pairs, 5-10 cm; leaflets 25 pairs, crowded, opposite, oblong, 4-8 × 3-4 mm, midvein conspicuous, both surfaces silky, base oblique, margin entire, apex obtuse. Corymbose racemes terminal or axillary. Flowers bright red to orange-red, 7-10 cm in diam.; pedicels 4-10 cm. Receptacle discoid or shortly turbinate. Sepals reddish inside, margin greenish yellow. Petals reflexed after anthesis, red, tinged with yellow and white spotted, spatulate, 5-7 × 3.7-4 cm; claw long, ca. 2 mm, slender. Stamens curved upward, red, unequal in length, 3-6 cm; filaments thick, woolly in lower part; anthers red, ca. 5 mm. Ovary ca. 1.3 cm; stigma small. Legume dark reddish brown, blackish brown when mature, slightly curved, 30-60 × 3.5-5 cm, apex with persistent style. Seeds 20-40, yellowish tinged with brown spots, ca. 15 × 7 mm, smooth, hard. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct.
Cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [native to Madagascar; often cultivated in the tropics].
This species is widely cultivated in botanical gardens and city parks in S China as an ornamental tree. The resin is soluble in water. The wood is light, soft, and springy, with a special grain, and is used for craft materials.
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