象耳豆Enterolobium cyclocarpum

中文名(Chinese Name):象耳豆
学名(Scientific Name):Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Grieseb.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Mimosa cyclocarpa Jacquem.  Pithecellobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Mart.  Mimosa parota Sesse & Moc.  Enterolobium cyclocarpa (Jacq.)Griseb.  Feuilleea cyclocarpa (Jacq.)Kuntze  Albizia longipes Britton & Killip
科属(Family & Genus):含羞草科,Mimosaceae象耳豆属
形态特征(Description):落叶大乔木,高10-20米;枝广展,嫩枝、嫩叶及花序均被白色疏柔毛,小枝绿色,有明显皮孔。托叶小,早落。羽片(3)4-9对;总叶柄长约6厘米,通常在总叶柄上及最上二对羽片着生处有腺体2-3个;小叶12-25对,近无柄,镰状长圆形,长8-14毫米,宽3-6毫米,先端具小尖头,基部截平,上面深绿色,被疏毛,下面粉绿色,被疏毛;中脉靠近上边缘。头状花序圆球形,直径1-1.5厘米,有花10余朵,簇生或呈总状花序式排列;花绿白色;花萼长3毫米,与花冠同被短柔毛;花冠长6毫米;雄蕊多数,基部合生成管。荚果弯曲成耳状,直径5-7厘米,两端浑圆而相接,熟时黑褐色,肉质,不开裂,每一荚果内有种子10-20颗;种子长椭圆形,长约1.5厘米,棕褐色,质硬,有光泽。花期4-6月。
分布Distribution):我国广东、广西、福建沿海、江西、浙江南部有栽培。原产南美洲及中美洲,现世界热一带地区各国多有引种栽培。
用途Use):本种生长迅速,枝叶广展,可作行道树及庭园绿化树种。嫩枝可作绿肥,树皮含单宁约15%,供硝皮或洗涤用;成熟的荚果亦供洗涤用。
引自植物志英文版FOC Vol. 10 Page 66     
Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacquin) Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W. I. 226. 1860.
象耳豆 xiang er dou| Fabaceae  | Enterolobium
Mimosa cyclocarpa Jacquin, Fragm. Bot. 30. 1800.
Trees, unarmed, deciduous, large, 10-20 m tall; crown spreading, thin. Young branchlets, leaves, and inflorescences white pubescent. Stipules caducous, small; petiole and rachis with glands; pinnae (3 or)4-9 pairs; leaflets 12-25(-30) pairs, subsessile, falcate-lanceolate, 8-14 × 3-6 mm, both surfaces sparsely pubescent, midvein close to upper margin, base truncate, apex mucronate. Heads globose, 1-1.5 cm in diam., fas­ciculate or in racemes. Flowers greenish or white. Calyx ca. 3 mm, calyx and corolla pubescent. Corolla ca. 6 mm. Stamens numerous, basally connate into a tube. Legume black-brown, curved, auriculate-reniform, 5-7 cm in diam., fleshy, both ends rounded, indehiscent. Seeds 10-20, arranged in 2 rows, dark brown, shiny, narrowly ellipsoidal, ca. 1.5 cm, hard. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Oct-Dec.
Cultivated in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Zhejiang [na­tive to Central and South America; commonly cultivated in tropical areas].
象耳豆Enterolobium cyclocarpum

象耳豆Enterolobium cyclocarpum(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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