印度黄檀Dalbergia sissoo
中文名（Chinese Name）：印度黄檀
学名（Scientific Name）：Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：Indian rosewood
别名（Chinese Common Name）：印度檀
异名（Synonym）：Amerimnon sissoo (Roxb.)Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae黄檀属
形态特征（Description）：乔木；树皮灰色，粗糙，厚而深裂；分枝多，平展。枝被白色短柔毛。羽状复叶长12-15厘米；托叶披针形，早落；小叶1-2对，近革质，近圆形或有时菱状倒卵形，长3.5-6厘米，先端圆，具短尾尖，尖头长5-10毫米，嫩时两面淡绿色，被白色伏贴柔毛，成长时无毛，有光泽。圆锥花序近伞房状，腋生，比复叶短一半；分枝与花序轴被柔毛；基生小苞片披针形。副萼状小苞片阔卵形，均早落；花长8-10毫米，芳香，具极短花梗；花萼筒状，长6-7毫米，被柔毛，上方2萼齿近圆形，基余的披针形，先端钝，下方1枚最长；花冠淡黄色或白色，各瓣均具长柄，旗瓣阔倒卵形，先端微凹缺，翼瓣和龙骨瓣倒披针形，基部渐狭，无耳；雄蕊9,单体；子房长圆形，被白色柔毛，具长柄，柄长约4.5毫米，有胚珠4-6粒，花柱极短，柱头头状。荚果线状长圆形至带状，长4-8厘米，6-12毫米，果瓣薄革质，干时淡褐色，无毛，对种子部分略具网纹，有种子12 (-3)粒；种子肾形，扁平。花期3-4月。
分布（Distribution）：伊朗东部至印度及世界各热带地区均有栽培，我国福建、广东、海南引种栽培。
用途（Use）：树冠开展，花芳香，可作庭园观赏树，又为斯里兰卡、印度种植茶选用已久的蔽荫树；心材褐色，坚硬不易开裂，宜作雕刻、细工、地板及家具用材。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 122, 124
Dalbergia sissoo Roxburgh ex Candolle, Prodr. 2: 416. 1825.
印度黄檀 yin du huang tan | Fabaceae | Dalbergia
Trees, with rough, gray bark. Branches numerous, horizontally spreading; young shoots puberulent. Leaves 12-15 cm; stipules caducous, lanceolate; leaflets 3-5; petiolules 8-10 mm, initially puberulent, ultimately glabrous; blades green when young, shiny when old, suborbicular, occasionally rhombic-obovate, 3.5-6 cm, puberulent when young, glabrous when old, apex rounded, shortly caudate. Panicles axillary, short, ca. 7 cm; rachis and bracteoles puberulent. Flowers nearly sessile, fragrant; bracts caducous, lanceolate. Calyx campanulate, 6-7 mm, enclosed within 2 large, broadly ovate, membranous, very caducous bracteoles, outside puberulent, 5-toothed; teeth shorter than tube, upper pair rounded, lateral 2 subacute, shorter than lowest, lowest rather narrowly lanceolate. Corolla yellowish white; petals rather long clawed; standard broadly obovate, emarginate; wings and keel oblanceolate, base without auricles, cuneate, attenuate to claw. Stamens 9, monadelphous. Ovary oblong, pubescent, with rather long stipe ca. 4.5 mm, 4-6-ovuled; style very short; stigma capitate. Legume pale brown when dry, linear-oblong to strap-shaped, 4-8 × 0.6-1.2 cm, leathery, glabrous, faintly veined opposite 1 or 2(or 3) seeds. Seeds reniform, compressed. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Jun-Nov.
Cultivated; 900-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [native to India; widely cultivated in the tropics].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：Indian rosewood
别名（Chinese Common Name）：印度檀
异名（Synonym）：Amerimnon sissoo (Roxb.)Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae黄檀属
形态特征（Description）：乔木；树皮灰色，粗糙，厚而深裂；分枝多，平展。枝被白色短柔毛。羽状复叶长12-15厘米；托叶披针形，早落；小叶1-2对，近革质，近圆形或有时菱状倒卵形，长3.5-6厘米，先端圆，具短尾尖，尖头长5-10毫米，嫩时两面淡绿色，被白色伏贴柔毛，成长时无毛，有光泽。圆锥花序近伞房状，腋生，比复叶短一半；分枝与花序轴被柔毛；基生小苞片披针形。副萼状小苞片阔卵形，均早落；花长8-10毫米，芳香，具极短花梗；花萼筒状，长6-7毫米，被柔毛，上方2萼齿近圆形，基余的披针形，先端钝，下方1枚最长；花冠淡黄色或白色，各瓣均具长柄，旗瓣阔倒卵形，先端微凹缺，翼瓣和龙骨瓣倒披针形，基部渐狭，无耳；雄蕊9,单体；子房长圆形，被白色柔毛，具长柄，柄长约4.5毫米，有胚珠4-6粒，花柱极短，柱头头状。荚果线状长圆形至带状，长4-8厘米，6-12毫米，果瓣薄革质，干时淡褐色，无毛，对种子部分略具网纹，有种子12 (-3)粒；种子肾形，扁平。花期3-4月。
分布（Distribution）：伊朗东部至印度及世界各热带地区均有栽培，我国福建、广东、海南引种栽培。
用途（Use）：树冠开展，花芳香，可作庭园观赏树，又为斯里兰卡、印度种植茶选用已久的蔽荫树；心材褐色，坚硬不易开裂，宜作雕刻、细工、地板及家具用材。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 122, 124
Dalbergia sissoo Roxburgh ex Candolle, Prodr. 2: 416. 1825.
印度黄檀 yin du huang tan | Fabaceae | Dalbergia
Trees, with rough, gray bark. Branches numerous, horizontally spreading; young shoots puberulent. Leaves 12-15 cm; stipules caducous, lanceolate; leaflets 3-5; petiolules 8-10 mm, initially puberulent, ultimately glabrous; blades green when young, shiny when old, suborbicular, occasionally rhombic-obovate, 3.5-6 cm, puberulent when young, glabrous when old, apex rounded, shortly caudate. Panicles axillary, short, ca. 7 cm; rachis and bracteoles puberulent. Flowers nearly sessile, fragrant; bracts caducous, lanceolate. Calyx campanulate, 6-7 mm, enclosed within 2 large, broadly ovate, membranous, very caducous bracteoles, outside puberulent, 5-toothed; teeth shorter than tube, upper pair rounded, lateral 2 subacute, shorter than lowest, lowest rather narrowly lanceolate. Corolla yellowish white; petals rather long clawed; standard broadly obovate, emarginate; wings and keel oblanceolate, base without auricles, cuneate, attenuate to claw. Stamens 9, monadelphous. Ovary oblong, pubescent, with rather long stipe ca. 4.5 mm, 4-6-ovuled; style very short; stigma capitate. Legume pale brown when dry, linear-oblong to strap-shaped, 4-8 × 0.6-1.2 cm, leathery, glabrous, faintly veined opposite 1 or 2(or 3) seeds. Seeds reniform, compressed. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Jun-Nov.
Cultivated; 900-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [native to India; widely cultivated in the tropics].
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