降香黄檀Dalbergia odorifera
中文名（Chinese Name）：降香黄檀
学名（Scientific Name）：Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：降香檀、降香
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae黄檀属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高10-15米；除幼嫩部分、花序及子房略被短柔毛外，全株无毛；树皮褐色或淡褐色，粗糙，有纵裂槽纹。小枝有小而密集皮孔。羽状复叶复叶长12-25厘米；叶柄长1.5-3厘米；托叶早落；小叶（3-) 4-5 (-6)对，近革质，卵形或椭圆形，长 (2.5) 4-7 (-9)厘米，宽2-3.5厘米，复叶顶端的1枚小叶最大，往下渐小，基部1对长仅为顶小叶的1/3,先端渐尖或急尖，钝头，基部圆或阔楔形；小叶柄长3-5毫米。圆锥花序腋生，长8-10厘米，径6-7厘米，分枝呈伞房花序状；总花梗长3-5厘米；基生小苞片近三角形，长0.5毫米，副萼状小苞片阔卵形，长约1毫米；花长约5毫米，初时密集于花序分枝顶端，后渐疏离；花梗长约1毫米；花萼长约2毫米，下方1枚萼齿较长，披针形，其余的阔卵形，急尖；花冠乳白色或淡黄色，各瓣近等长，均具长约1毫米瓣柄，旗瓣倒心形，连柄长约5毫米，上部宽约3毫米，先端截平，微凹缺，翼瓣长圆形，龙骨瓣半月形，背弯拱；雄蕊9,单体；子房狭椭圆形，具长柄，柄长约2.5毫米，有胚珠1-2粒。荚果舌状长圆形，长4.5-8厘米，宽1.5-1.8厘米，基部略被毛，顶端钝或急尖，基部骤然收窄与纤细的果颈相接，果颈长5-10毫米，果瓣革质，对种子的部分明显凸起，状如棋子，厚可达5毫米，有种子1（-2）粒。
分布（Distribution）：产海南。生于中海拔有山坡疏林中、林缘或村旁旷地上。
用途（Use）：木材质优，边材淡黄色，质略疏松，心材红褐色，坚重，纹理致密，为上等家具良材；有香味，可作香料；根部心材名降香，供药用。为良好的镇痛剂，又治刀伤出血。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 123, 128
Dalbergia odorifera T. C. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 351. 1963.
降香黄檀 jiang xiang huang tan| Fabaceae | Dalbergia
Trees, 10-15 m tall, glabrous except for young shoots; inflorescence and ovary puberulent. Bark brown or pale brown, rough, longitudinally splitting; branchlets with small, dense lenticels. Leaves 12-25 cm; stipules caducous; petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaflets (7-)9-11(-13); petiolules 3-5 mm; blades ovate or elliptic, (2.5-)4-7(-9) × 2-3.5 cm, distal longest, basal pair ca. 1/3 as long as distal, subleathery, base rounded or broadly cuneate, apex obtuse to acuminate. Panicles axillary, 8-10 × 6-7 cm; peduncles 3-5 cm. Flowers ca. 5 mm, initially aggregated at apices of corymbose branches of inflorescence, lax afterward; bracts subtriangular, ca. 0.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, ca. as long as ca. 1 mm pedicels. Calyx campanulate, ca. 2 mm, 5-toothed; lowest tooth lanceolate, longer than others, other teeth broadly ovate, acute. Corolla creamy white or pale yellowish; petals subequal in length, clawed; standard obcordate, ca. 5 mm including claw, ca. 3 mm wide, apex truncate, emarginate; wings oblong; keel half-moon-shaped, arcuate on lower side. Stamens 9, monadelphous. Ovary narrowly elliptic, 1- or 2-ovuled, with long stipe ca. 2.5 mm. Legume ligulate-oblong, 4.5-8 × 1.5-1.8 cm, leathery, apex obtuse or acute, base abruptly narrowed to slender 5-10 mm stipe; reticulation distinctly prominent opposite 1(or 2) seeds. Seeds reniform, compressed. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jul-Dec.
● Open forests, mountain slopes, margins of forests or wastelands, beside villages; 100-500 m. Fujian, Hainan, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：降香檀、降香
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae黄檀属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高10-15米；除幼嫩部分、花序及子房略被短柔毛外，全株无毛；树皮褐色或淡褐色，粗糙，有纵裂槽纹。小枝有小而密集皮孔。羽状复叶复叶长12-25厘米；叶柄长1.5-3厘米；托叶早落；小叶（3-) 4-5 (-6)对，近革质，卵形或椭圆形，长 (2.5) 4-7 (-9)厘米，宽2-3.5厘米，复叶顶端的1枚小叶最大，往下渐小，基部1对长仅为顶小叶的1/3,先端渐尖或急尖，钝头，基部圆或阔楔形；小叶柄长3-5毫米。圆锥花序腋生，长8-10厘米，径6-7厘米，分枝呈伞房花序状；总花梗长3-5厘米；基生小苞片近三角形，长0.5毫米，副萼状小苞片阔卵形，长约1毫米；花长约5毫米，初时密集于花序分枝顶端，后渐疏离；花梗长约1毫米；花萼长约2毫米，下方1枚萼齿较长，披针形，其余的阔卵形，急尖；花冠乳白色或淡黄色，各瓣近等长，均具长约1毫米瓣柄，旗瓣倒心形，连柄长约5毫米，上部宽约3毫米，先端截平，微凹缺，翼瓣长圆形，龙骨瓣半月形，背弯拱；雄蕊9,单体；子房狭椭圆形，具长柄，柄长约2.5毫米，有胚珠1-2粒。荚果舌状长圆形，长4.5-8厘米，宽1.5-1.8厘米，基部略被毛，顶端钝或急尖，基部骤然收窄与纤细的果颈相接，果颈长5-10毫米，果瓣革质，对种子的部分明显凸起，状如棋子，厚可达5毫米，有种子1（-2）粒。
分布（Distribution）：产海南。生于中海拔有山坡疏林中、林缘或村旁旷地上。
用途（Use）：木材质优，边材淡黄色，质略疏松，心材红褐色，坚重，纹理致密，为上等家具良材；有香味，可作香料；根部心材名降香，供药用。为良好的镇痛剂，又治刀伤出血。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 123, 128
Dalbergia odorifera T. C. Chen, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 351. 1963.
降香黄檀 jiang xiang huang tan| Fabaceae | Dalbergia
Trees, 10-15 m tall, glabrous except for young shoots; inflorescence and ovary puberulent. Bark brown or pale brown, rough, longitudinally splitting; branchlets with small, dense lenticels. Leaves 12-25 cm; stipules caducous; petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaflets (7-)9-11(-13); petiolules 3-5 mm; blades ovate or elliptic, (2.5-)4-7(-9) × 2-3.5 cm, distal longest, basal pair ca. 1/3 as long as distal, subleathery, base rounded or broadly cuneate, apex obtuse to acuminate. Panicles axillary, 8-10 × 6-7 cm; peduncles 3-5 cm. Flowers ca. 5 mm, initially aggregated at apices of corymbose branches of inflorescence, lax afterward; bracts subtriangular, ca. 0.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, ca. as long as ca. 1 mm pedicels. Calyx campanulate, ca. 2 mm, 5-toothed; lowest tooth lanceolate, longer than others, other teeth broadly ovate, acute. Corolla creamy white or pale yellowish; petals subequal in length, clawed; standard obcordate, ca. 5 mm including claw, ca. 3 mm wide, apex truncate, emarginate; wings oblong; keel half-moon-shaped, arcuate on lower side. Stamens 9, monadelphous. Ovary narrowly elliptic, 1- or 2-ovuled, with long stipe ca. 2.5 mm. Legume ligulate-oblong, 4.5-8 × 1.5-1.8 cm, leathery, apex obtuse or acute, base abruptly narrowed to slender 5-10 mm stipe; reticulation distinctly prominent opposite 1(or 2) seeds. Seeds reniform, compressed. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jul-Dec.
● Open forests, mountain slopes, margins of forests or wastelands, beside villages; 100-500 m. Fujian, Hainan, Zhejiang.
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