中文名（Chinese Name）：珊瑚树
学名（Scientific Name）：Viburnum odoratissimum Ker-Gawl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：极香荚蒾、早禾树
异名（Synonym）：Microtinus odoratissimus (Ker Gawl.) Oerst.；Viburnum odoratissimum var. arboricola (Hayata) Yamam.；Thyrsosma chinensis Raf.；Viburnum odoratissimum var. conspersum W. W. Sm.；Viburnum arboricolum Hayata
科属（Family & Genus）：忍冬科（Caprifoliaceae）荚蒾属
形态特征（Description）：常绿灌木或小乔木，高达10 (-15) 米；枝灰色或灰褐色，有凸起的小瘤状皮孔，无毛或有时稍被褐色簇状毛。冬芽有1-2对卵状披针形的鳞片。叶革质，椭圆形至矩圆形或矩圆状倒卵形至倒卵形，有时近圆形，长7-20厘米，顶端短尖至渐尖而钝头，有时钝形至近圆形，基部宽楔形，稀圆形，边缘上部有不规则浅波状锯齿或近全缘，上面深绿色有光泽，两面无毛或脉上散生簇状微毛，下面有时散生暗红色微腺点，脉腋常有集聚簇状毛和趾蹼状小孔，侧脉5-6对，弧形，近缘前互相网结，连同中脉下面凸起而显著；叶柄长1-2 (-3) 厘米，无毛或被簇状微毛。圆锥花序顶生或生于侧生短枝上，宽尖塔形，长 (3.5-) 6-13.5厘米，宽 (3-) 4.5-6厘米，无毛或散生簇状毛，总花梗长可达10厘米，扁，有淡黄色小瘤状突起；苞片长不足1厘米，宽不及2毫米；花芳香，通常生于序轴的第二至第三级分枝上，无梗或有短梗；萼筒筒状钟形，长2-2.5毫米，无毛，萼檐碟状，齿宽三角形；花冠白色，后变黄白色，有时微红，辐状，直径约7毫米，筒长约2毫米，裂片反折，圆卵形，顶端圆，长2-3毫米；雄蕊略超出花冠裂片，花药黄色，矩圆形，长近2毫米；柱头头状，不高出萼齿。果实先红色后变黑色，卵圆形或卵状椭圆形，长约8毫米，直径5-6毫米；核卵状椭圆形，浑圆，长约7毫米，直径约4毫米，有1条深腹沟。花期4-5月（有时不定期开花），果熟期7-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、湖南、广东、海南及广西，生于海拔200-1300米的山谷密林中溪涧荫蔽处、疏林中或灌丛中。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 571, 585, 589
Viburnum odoratissimum Ker Gawler, Bot. Reg. 6: t. 456. 1820.
珊瑚树 shan hu shu | Adoxaceae  | Viburnum
Shrubs or small trees, evergreen, to 10(-15) m tall. Bark gray-brownish. Branchlets of current year green or reddish, glabrous or sometimes sparsely yellow-brownish stellate-pubescent; branchlets of previous year gray or gray-brownish, terete, glabrous, with dispersed, small, raised lenticels. Winter buds ovoid-lanceolate, with 2-4 pairs of separate scales; scales glabrous. Leaves always opposite, not clustered at apices of branchlets; stipules absent; petiole green or reddish, robust, 1-2(-3) cm, glabrous or stellate-pubescent; leaf blade green when young, becoming intense green and lustrous adaxially, elliptic to oblong or oblong-obovate to obovate, sometimes suborbicular, 7-20 × (3-)4-9 cm, leathery, abaxially sometimes with sparse, dispersed dark red minute glands, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely stellate-pubescent on veins, midvein raised and conspicuous abaxially, lateral veins 4-9-jugate, pinnate, arched, branched, anastomosing near margin, conspicuously raised abaxially, slightly impressed adaxially, veinlets transverse, slightly raised abaxially, inconspicuous adaxially, not lobed, base broadly cuneate, rarely rounded, without glands, margin irregularly serrate except at base or subentire, apex shortly acute to obtusely acute and mucronate, sometimes obtuse or subrounded. Flowers appearing after leaves; inflorescence paniculate, pyramidal, terminal or at apices of short lateral branchlets with 1-jugate leaves, (3.5-)6-13.5 × (3-)4.5-6 cm; rays opposite, decussate; first node of inflorescence with 2 rays, lax, large, glabrous or stellate-pubescent, without large sterile radiant flowers; peduncles 4-10 cm; bracts caducous, leaflike, greenish, less than 1 cm × 2 mm, lanceolate to ovate, sparsely hairy; bracteoles scalelike. Flowers usually on rays of 2nd and 3rd orders, fragrant, sessile or shortly pedicellate. Calyx green; tube tubular-campanulate, 1.5-4 mm, glabrous; lobes broadly triangular, ca. 1 mm, glabrous, apex obtuse. Corolla white, later yellow-whitish, sometimes reddish, rotate, ca. 7 mm in diam., glabrous; tube ca. 2 mm; lobes reflexed, orbicular-ovate, 2-3 mm, apex rounded, margin entire. Stamens slightly exceeding corolla lobes, inserted at apex of corolla tube; filaments 2.5-3 mm; anthers yellow, oblong, nearly 2 mm. Styles not exceeding calyx lobes; stigmas capitate or slightly 3-lobed. Fruit initially turning red, maturing nigrescent, ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, ca. 8 × 5-6 mm, base rounded, apex rounded, glabrous; pyrenes compressed, ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, ca. 7 × 4 mm, with a deep ventral groove, apex rounded. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 40.
Forests, scrub; sea level to 2500 m. SE Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, ?Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [E India, Japan, Korea, N Myanmar, ?Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
This species is commonly cultivated in China.（责任编辑：徐晔春）