虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera

中文名(Chinese Name):虎耳草
学名(Scientific Name):Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb.
英文名(English Common Name):creeping saxifrage
别名(Chinese Common Name):金线吊芙蓉
异名(Synonym):Saxifraga chaffanjonii H. Lév.  Saxifraga chinensis Lour.  Saxifraga sarmentosa L. f.  Saxifraga dumetorum Balf. f.  Saxifraga sarmentosa var. immaculata Diels  Saxifraga iochanensis H. Lév.  Saxifraga cuscutiformis Lodd.  Saxifraga fortunei var. tricolor Lem.  Sekika sarmentosa (L. f.) Moench  Saxifraga stolonifeara Meerb.  Saxifraga sarmentosa var. tricolor (Lem.) Maxim.  Saxifraga sarmentosa var. cuscutiformis (Lodd.) Ser.  Saxifraga stolonifera f. cuscutiformis (Lodd.) M. C. Tebbitt  Adenogyna sarmentosa (L.f.) Raf.  Aphomonix hederacea Raf.  Diptera cuscutiformis (Lodd.) Heynh.  Robertsonia sarmentosa (L.f.) Link  Rupifraga cuscutiformis (Lodd.) Raf.  Rupifraga sarmentosa (L.f.) Raf.  Saxifraga stolonifera var. immaculata (Diels) Hand.-Mazz.  Saxifraga veitchiana Balf. f.  Sekika cyclaminea Medik.
科属Family & Genus):虎耳草科(Saxifragaceae)虎耳草属
形态特征Description):多年生草本,高8-45厘米。鞭匐枝细长,密被卷曲长腺毛,具鳞片状叶。茎被长腺毛,具1-4枚苞片状叶。基生叶具长柄,叶片近心形、肾形至扁圆形,长1.5-7.5厘米,宽2-12厘米,先端钝或急尖,基部近截形、圆形至心形,(5-)7-11浅裂(有时不明显),裂片边缘具不规则齿牙和腺睫毛,腹面绿色,被腺毛,背面通常红紫色,被腺毛,有斑点,具掌状达缘脉序,叶柄长1.5-21厘米,被长腺毛;茎生叶披针形,长约6毫米,宽约2毫米。聚伞花序圆锥状,长7.3-26厘米,具7-61花;花序分枝长2.5-8厘米,被腺毛,具2-5花;花梗长0.5-1.6厘米,细弱,被腺毛;花两侧对称;萼片在花期开展至反曲,卵形,长1.5-3.5毫米,宽1-1.8毫米,先端急尖,边缘具腺睫毛,腹面无毛,背面被褐色腺毛,3脉于先端汇合成1疣点;花瓣白色,中上部具紫红色斑点,基部具黄色斑点,5枚,其中3枚较短,卵形,长2-4.4毫米,宽1.3-2毫米,先端急尖,基部具长0.1-0.6毫米之爪,羽状脉序,具2级脉(2-)3-6条,另2枚较长,披针形至长圆形,长6.2-14.5毫米,宽2-4毫米,先端急尖,基部具长0.2-0.8毫米之爪,羽状脉序,具2级脉5-10(-11)条。雄蕊长4-5.2毫米,花丝棒状;花盘半环状,围绕于子房一侧,边缘具瘤突;2心皮下部合生,长3.8-6毫米;子房卵球形,花柱2,叉开。染色体2n=36, 54。花果期4-11月。
分布(Distribution):产河北、陕西、甘肃以南大部分省区,生于海拔400-4500米的林下、灌丛、草甸和荫湿岩隙。朝鲜、日本也有。
用途(Use):全草入药;微苦、辛,寒,有小毒;祛风清热,凉血解毒。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 8 Page 287     
Saxifraga stolonifera Curtis, Philos. Trans. 64(1): 308, no. 2541. 1774.
虎耳草 hu er cao| Saxifragaceae  | Saxifraga
Diptera sarmentosa (Linnaeus f.) Losinskaja; Ligularia sarmentosa (Linnaeus f.) Haworth; Rupifraga sarmentosa (Linnaeus f.) Rafinesque; Saxifraga chaffanjonii H. Léveillé; S. chinensis Loureiro (1790), not S. sinensis Engler & Irmscher (1919); S. cuscutiformis Loddiges; S. dumetorum I. B. Balfour; S. fortunei J. D. Hooker var. tricolor Lemaire; S. iochanensis H. Léveillé; S. ligulata Murray (1781), not Wallich (1820); S. sarmentosa Linnaeus f.; S. sarmentosa var. cuscutiformis (Loddiges) Seringe; S. sarmentosa var. immaculata Diels; S. sarmentosa var. tricolor (Lemaire) Maximowicz; S. stolonifera Meerburgh (1775), not Curtis (1774); S. stolonifera f. cuscutiformis (Loddiges) M. C. Tebbitt; S. stolonifera var. immaculata (Diels) Handel-Mazzetti; S. veitchiana I. B. Balfour; Sekika sarmentosa (Linnaeus f.) Moench.
Plants 8-45 cm tall. Stolons filiform, densely crisped glandular villous, with scaly leaves. Stem glandular villous. Basal leaves with petiole 15-21 cm, glandular piliferous; leaf blade spotted, subcordate or reniform to orbicular, 1.5-7.5 × 2-12 cm, (5-)7-11-lobed, glandular hairy, base subtruncate or rounded to cordate, margin irregularly dentate, apex obtuse or acute. Cauline leaves and bracts 1-4, lanceolate, ca. 6 × 2 mm. Inflorescence 7-61-flowered. Sepals spreading to reflexed, ovate, 1.5-3.5 × 1-1.8 mm, abaxially and marginally glandular hairy, 3-veined; veins confluent at apex. Petals 5, white, spotted, of which largest two lanceolate-oblong, 0.6-1.5 cm × 2-4 mm, base clawed, apex acute, pinniveined; smallest three petals ovate, 2-4.4 × 1.3-2 mm. Stamens 4-5.2 mm. Ovary ovoid, with a semiannular nectary disc; styles divergent. Fl. and fr. Apr-Nov. 2n = 30, 36*, 54.
Forests, scrub, meadows, shaded rock crevices; 400-4500 m. Anhui, Fujian, SE Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, WC Hebei (Xiaowutai Shan), Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, E Sichuan, Taiwan, E and SW Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
 


 虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera

虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera

虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera
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