红蓼Polygonum orientale
中文名（Chinese Name）：红蓼
学名（Scientific Name）：Polygonum orientale L.
英文名（English Common Name）：kiss me over the garden gate
别名（Chinese Common Name）：东方蓼
异名（Synonym）：Amblygonum orientale (L.) Nakai ex T. Mori Lagunea orientalis (L.) Nakai Lagunea cochinchinensis Lour. Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach Persicaria pilosa (Roxb. ex Meisn.) Kitag. Persicaria cochinchinensis (Lour.) Kitag. Polygonum orientale var. pilosum (Roxb.) Meisn. Lagunea orientalis var. pilosa (Roxb. ex Meisn.) Nakai Polygonum torquatum Bruijn Polygonum orientale var. discolor Benth. Polygonum amoenum Blume Polygonum cochinchinensis (Lour.) Meisn. Polygonum spaethii Dammer Amblygonum pilosum (Roxb. ex Meisn.) Nakai Goniaticum solitarium Stokes Heptarina orientalis (L.) Raf. Persicaria tibetica Rendle Polygonum cochinchinense (Lour.) Meisn. Polygonum cordobense Lindau
科属（Family & Genus）：蓼科（Polygonaceae）蓼属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本。茎直立，粗壮，高1-2米，上部多分枝，密被开展的长柔毛。叶宽卵形、宽椭圆形或卵状披针形，长10-20厘米，宽5-12厘米，顶端渐尖，基部圆形或近心形，微下延，边缘全缘，密生缘毛，两面密生短柔毛，叶脉上密生长柔毛；叶柄长2-10厘米，具开展的长柔毛；托叶鞘筒状，膜质，长1-2厘米，被长柔毛，具长缘毛，通常沿顶端具草质、绿色的翅。总状花序呈穗状，顶生或腋生，长3-7厘米，花紧密，微下垂，通常数个再组成圆锥状；苞片宽漏斗状，长3-5毫米，草质，绿色，被短柔毛，边缘具长缘毛，每苞内具3-5花；花梗比苞片长；花被5深裂，淡红色或白色；花被片椭圆形，长3-4毫米；雄蕊7, 比花被长；花盘明显；花柱2, 中下部合生，比花被长，柱头头状。瘦果近圆形，双凹，直径长3-3.5毫米，黑褐色，有光泽，包于宿存花被内。花期6-9月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：除西藏外，广布于全国各地，野生或栽培。生海拔30-2700米沟边湿地、村边路旁。朝鲜、日本、俄罗斯、菲律宾、印度、欧洲和大洋洲也有。
用途（Use）：果实入药，名“水红花子”，有活血、止痛、消积、利尿功效。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 290
Polygonum orientale Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 362. 1753.
红蓼 hong liao| Polygonaceae | Polygonum
Amblygonum orientale (Linnaeus) Nakai ex T. Mori; A. orientale var. pilosum (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Nakai ex T. Mori; Lagunea cochinchinensis Loureiro; L. orientalis (Linnaeus) Nakai; L. orientalis var. pilosa (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Nakai; Persicaria cochinchinensis (Loureiro) Kitagawa; P. orientalis (Linnaeus) Spach; P. pilosa (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Kitagawa; Polygonum amoenum Blume; P. cochinchinense (Loureiro) Meisner; ?P. orientale var. discolor Bentham; P. orientale var. pilosum (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Meisner; P. pilosum Roxburgh ex Meisner; P. torquatum Bruijn.
Herbs annual. Stems erect, 1-2 m tall, robust, much branched above, densely spreading villous. Petiole 2-10 cm, spreading villous; leaf blade broadly ovate, broadly elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 10-20 × 5-12 cm, both surfaces densely pubescent, along veins densely villous, base rounded or subcordate, slightly decurrent, margin densely ciliate, apex acuminate; ocrea tubular, 1-2 cm, membranous, villous, margin truncate, long ciliate, usually with green leaflike wing. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, spicate, slightly pendulous, 3-7 cm, several spikes aggregated and panicle-like; bracts green, broadly funnel-shaped, 3-5 mm, pubescent, margin long ciliate, each 3-5-flowered. Pedicels longer than bracts. Flowers dimorphic. Perianth pink or white, 5-parted; tepals elliptic, 3-4 mm. Stamens 7, exserted. Styles 2, connate to below middle, included or stamens included and styles exserted on separate plant; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, nearly orbicular, biconcave, 3-3.5 mm. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct.
Roadsides, near houses, wastelands, usually cultivated in gardens; sea level to 3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Philippines, Russia (Far East), Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; SW Asia, Australia, Europe].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Polygonum orientale L.
英文名（English Common Name）：kiss me over the garden gate
别名（Chinese Common Name）：东方蓼
异名（Synonym）：Amblygonum orientale (L.) Nakai ex T. Mori Lagunea orientalis (L.) Nakai Lagunea cochinchinensis Lour. Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach Persicaria pilosa (Roxb. ex Meisn.) Kitag. Persicaria cochinchinensis (Lour.) Kitag. Polygonum orientale var. pilosum (Roxb.) Meisn. Lagunea orientalis var. pilosa (Roxb. ex Meisn.) Nakai Polygonum torquatum Bruijn Polygonum orientale var. discolor Benth. Polygonum amoenum Blume Polygonum cochinchinensis (Lour.) Meisn. Polygonum spaethii Dammer Amblygonum pilosum (Roxb. ex Meisn.) Nakai Goniaticum solitarium Stokes Heptarina orientalis (L.) Raf. Persicaria tibetica Rendle Polygonum cochinchinense (Lour.) Meisn. Polygonum cordobense Lindau
科属（Family & Genus）：蓼科（Polygonaceae）蓼属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本。茎直立，粗壮，高1-2米，上部多分枝，密被开展的长柔毛。叶宽卵形、宽椭圆形或卵状披针形，长10-20厘米，宽5-12厘米，顶端渐尖，基部圆形或近心形，微下延，边缘全缘，密生缘毛，两面密生短柔毛，叶脉上密生长柔毛；叶柄长2-10厘米，具开展的长柔毛；托叶鞘筒状，膜质，长1-2厘米，被长柔毛，具长缘毛，通常沿顶端具草质、绿色的翅。总状花序呈穗状，顶生或腋生，长3-7厘米，花紧密，微下垂，通常数个再组成圆锥状；苞片宽漏斗状，长3-5毫米，草质，绿色，被短柔毛，边缘具长缘毛，每苞内具3-5花；花梗比苞片长；花被5深裂，淡红色或白色；花被片椭圆形，长3-4毫米；雄蕊7, 比花被长；花盘明显；花柱2, 中下部合生，比花被长，柱头头状。瘦果近圆形，双凹，直径长3-3.5毫米，黑褐色，有光泽，包于宿存花被内。花期6-9月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：除西藏外，广布于全国各地，野生或栽培。生海拔30-2700米沟边湿地、村边路旁。朝鲜、日本、俄罗斯、菲律宾、印度、欧洲和大洋洲也有。
用途（Use）：果实入药，名“水红花子”，有活血、止痛、消积、利尿功效。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 290
Polygonum orientale Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 362. 1753.
红蓼 hong liao| Polygonaceae | Polygonum
Amblygonum orientale (Linnaeus) Nakai ex T. Mori; A. orientale var. pilosum (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Nakai ex T. Mori; Lagunea cochinchinensis Loureiro; L. orientalis (Linnaeus) Nakai; L. orientalis var. pilosa (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Nakai; Persicaria cochinchinensis (Loureiro) Kitagawa; P. orientalis (Linnaeus) Spach; P. pilosa (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Kitagawa; Polygonum amoenum Blume; P. cochinchinense (Loureiro) Meisner; ?P. orientale var. discolor Bentham; P. orientale var. pilosum (Roxburgh ex Meisner) Meisner; P. pilosum Roxburgh ex Meisner; P. torquatum Bruijn.
Herbs annual. Stems erect, 1-2 m tall, robust, much branched above, densely spreading villous. Petiole 2-10 cm, spreading villous; leaf blade broadly ovate, broadly elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, 10-20 × 5-12 cm, both surfaces densely pubescent, along veins densely villous, base rounded or subcordate, slightly decurrent, margin densely ciliate, apex acuminate; ocrea tubular, 1-2 cm, membranous, villous, margin truncate, long ciliate, usually with green leaflike wing. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, spicate, slightly pendulous, 3-7 cm, several spikes aggregated and panicle-like; bracts green, broadly funnel-shaped, 3-5 mm, pubescent, margin long ciliate, each 3-5-flowered. Pedicels longer than bracts. Flowers dimorphic. Perianth pink or white, 5-parted; tepals elliptic, 3-4 mm. Stamens 7, exserted. Styles 2, connate to below middle, included or stamens included and styles exserted on separate plant; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black-brown, shiny, nearly orbicular, biconcave, 3-3.5 mm. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct.
Roadsides, near houses, wastelands, usually cultivated in gardens; sea level to 3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Philippines, Russia (Far East), Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; SW Asia, Australia, Europe].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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