假蒟Piper sarmentosum

中文名(Chinese Name):假蒟
学名(Scientific Name):Piper sarmentosum Roxb.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):蛤蒟
异名(Synonym):Chavica sarmentosa (Roxb.) Miq.  Chavica hainana C. DC.  Piper brevicaule C. DC.  Piper gymnostachyum C. DC.  Piper lolot C. DC.  Piper albispicum C. DC.  Piper pierrei C. DC.  Piper saigonense C. DC.
科属(Family & Genus):胡椒科(Piperaceae)胡椒属
形态特征(Description):多年生、匍匐、逐节生根草本,长数至10余米;小枝近直立,无毛或幼时被极细的粉状短柔毛。叶近膜质,有细腺点,下部的阔卵形或近圆形,长7-14厘米,宽6-13厘米,顶端短尖,基部心形或稀有截平,两侧近相等,腹面无毛,背面沿脉上被极细的粉状短柔毛;叶脉7条,干时呈苍白色,背面显著凸起,最上1对离基1-2厘米从中脉发出,弯拱上升至叶片顶部与中脉汇合,最外1对有时近基部分枝,网状脉明显;上部的叶小,卵形或卵状披针形,基部浅心形、圆、截平或稀有渐狭;叶柄长2-5厘米,被极细的粉状短柔毛,匍匐茎的叶柄长可达7-10厘米;叶鞘长约为叶柄之半。花单性,雌雄异株,聚集成与叶对生的穗状花序。雄花序长1.5-2厘米,直径2-3毫米;总花梗与花序等长或略短,被极细的粉状短柔毛;花序轴被毛;苞片扁圆形,近无柄,盾状,直径0.5-0.6毫米; 雄蕊2枚,花药近球形,2裂,花丝长为花药的2倍。雌花序长6-8毫米,于果期稍延长;总花梗与雄株的相同,花序轴无毛;苞片近圆形,盾状,直径1-1.3毫米;柱头4,稀有3或5,被微柔毛。浆果近球形,具4角棱,无毛,直径2.5-3毫米,基部嵌生于花序轴中并与其合生。花期4-11月。
分布(Distribution):产福建、广东、广西、云南、贵州及西藏,生于林下或村旁湿地上。印度、越南、马来西亚、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、巴布亚新几内亚也有。
用途(Use):药用。根治风湿骨痛、跌打损伤、风寒咳嗽、妊娠和产后水肿;果序治牙痛、胃痛、腹胀、食欲不振等。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 4 Page 119     
Piper sarmentosum Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 1: 162. 1820.
假蒟 jia ju| Piperaceae  | Piper
Chavica hainana C. de Candolle; C. sarmentosa (Roxburgh) Miquel; Piper albispicum C. de Candolle; P. brevicaule C. de Candolle; P. gymnostachyum C. de Candolle; P. lolot C. de Candolle; P. pierrei C. de Candolle; P. saigonense C. de Candolle.
Herbs to more than 10 m, mostly creeping along ground, most parts very finely powdery pubescent at least when young, dioecious. Fertile stems ± erect. Petiole 2-5 cm (-10 cm on creeping stems), very finely powdery pubescent; leaf blades toward base of stem ovate to suborbicular, those toward apex of stem smaller, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 7-14 × 6-13 cm, ± membranous, finely glandular, abaxially finely powdery pubescent along veins, adaxially glabrous, base cordate to rounded, sometimes cuneate on apical branches, ± symmetric, apex acute; veins 7, glaucous when dry, abaxially very prominent, apical pair arising 1-2 cm above base, reaching leaf apex; reticulate veins conspicuous. Spikes leaf-opposed. Male spikes white, 1.5-2.5(-3) cm × 2-3 mm; peduncle to ca. as long as spikes; rachis pubescent; bracts transversely elliptic, 0.5-0.6 mm, peltate, ± sessile. Stamens 2; filaments ca. 2 × as long as anthers; anthers subglobose. Female spikes 2-5(-8) cm, to 8 mm thick in fruit; peduncle as in male spikes; rachis glabrous; bracts suborbicular, peltate, 1-1.3 mm in diam. Stigmas (3 or)4(or 5), hispidulous. Drupe subglobose, 4-angled, 2.5-3 mm, partly connate to rachis. Fl. Apr-Nov.
Forests or wet places near villages; near sea level to 1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Xizang, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam]
Used as medicine traditionally.
假蒟Piper sarmentosum

假蒟Piper sarmentosum

假蒟Piper sarmentosum
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