博落回Macleaya cordata
中文名（Chinese Name）：博落回
学名（Scientific Name）：Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.
英文名（English Common Name）：plume poppy
别名（Chinese Common Name）：落回
异名（Synonym）：Bocconia cordata Willd. Macleaya cordata var. yedoensis (André) Fedde Bocconia japonica André Bocconia cordata var. thunbergii Miq. Bocconia jedoensis Carrière Macleaya yedoensis André Marzaria cordata (Willd.) Raf.
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）博落回属
形态特征（Description）：直立草本，基部木质化，具乳黄色浆汁。茎高1-4米，绿色，光滑，多白粉，中空，上部多分枝。叶片宽卵形或近圆形，长5-27厘米，宽5-25厘米，先端急尖、渐尖、钝或圆形，通常7或9深裂或浅裂，裂片半圆形、方形、兰角形或其他，边缘波状、缺刻状、粗齿或多细齿，表面绿色，无毛，背面多白粉，被易脱落的细绒毛，基出脉通常5，侧脉2对，稀3对，细脉网状，常呈淡红色；叶柄长1-12厘米, 上面具浅沟槽。大型圆锥花序多花，长15-40厘米，顶生和腋生；花梗长2-7毫米；苞片狭披针形。花芽棒状，近白色，长约1厘米；萼片倒卵状长圆形，长约1厘米，舟状，黄白色；花瓣无；雄蕊24-30，花丝丝状，长约5毫米，花药条形，与花丝等长；子房倒卵形至狭倒卵形，长2-4毫米，先端圆，基部渐狭，花柱长约1毫米，柱头2裂，下延于花柱上。蒴果狭倒卵形或倒披针形，长1.3-3厘米．粗5-7毫米，先端圆或钝，基部渐狭，无毛。种子4-6（-8）枚，卵珠形，长1.5-2毫米，生于缝线两侧，无柄，种皮具排成行的整齐的蜂窝状孔穴，有狭的种阜。花果期6-11月。
分布（Distribution）：我国长江以南、南岭以北的大部分省区均有分布，生于海拔150-830米的丘陵或低山林中、灌丛中或草丛间。日本也产。
用途（Use）：全草有大毒，不可内服，入药治跌打损伤、关节炎、汗斑、恶疮、蜂螫伤及麻醉镇痛、消肿；作农药可防治稻椿象、稻苞虫、钉螺等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 287
Macleaya cordata (Willdenow) R. Brown, Obs. Pl. Denham Clapperton. 218. 1826.
博落回 bo luo hui| Papaveraceae | Macleaya
Bocconia cordata Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 2: 841. 1797; Macleaya cordata var. yedoensis (André) Fedde; M. yedoensis André.
Herbs, erect, basally lignified, yellow lactiferous. Stems green, glaucous, 1-4 m, smooth, branched above in inflorescence. Leaves: petiole 1-12 cm, adaxially shallowly channeled; blade glaucous abaxially, gray-green adaxially, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 5-27 × 5-25 cm, usually 7- or 9-parted or lobed, apex acute, acuminate, obtuse, or rounded; lobes semicircular, quadrate, deltoid, or orbicular, margin undulate, incised, or serrate to serrulate, abaxially sparsely villous, adaxially glabrous, basal veins usually 5, lateral veins 2 pairs, rarely 3, veinlets netted. Panicles large, terminal and axillary, multiflorous, 15-40 cm; bracts narrowly lanceolate. Pedicel 2-7 mm. Flower buds almost white, clavate, ca. 10 mm. Sepals yellowish white, obovate-oblong, cymbiform, ca. 10 mm. Stamens 24-30; filaments ca. 5 mm; anthers linear, ca. equal to filaments. Ovary obovoid to narrowly obovoid, 2-4 mm, base attenuate, apex rounded; styles ca. 1 mm; stigmas 2-lobed, decurrent to styles. Capsule narrowly obovoid or oblanceolate, 1.3-3 cm × 5-7 mm, glabrous, base attenuate, apex rounded or obtuse. Seeds 4-6(-8), ovoid, 1.5-2 mm, attached bilaterally, sessile, seed coat with regular alveolate foveolae, narrowly carunculate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 10, 20*.
Foothills, forests, among shrubs or tussocks on low mountains, riversides, pool sides; 100-800 m. Anhui, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Japan].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.
英文名（English Common Name）：plume poppy
别名（Chinese Common Name）：落回
异名（Synonym）：Bocconia cordata Willd. Macleaya cordata var. yedoensis (André) Fedde Bocconia japonica André Bocconia cordata var. thunbergii Miq. Bocconia jedoensis Carrière Macleaya yedoensis André Marzaria cordata (Willd.) Raf.
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）博落回属
形态特征（Description）：直立草本，基部木质化，具乳黄色浆汁。茎高1-4米，绿色，光滑，多白粉，中空，上部多分枝。叶片宽卵形或近圆形，长5-27厘米，宽5-25厘米，先端急尖、渐尖、钝或圆形，通常7或9深裂或浅裂，裂片半圆形、方形、兰角形或其他，边缘波状、缺刻状、粗齿或多细齿，表面绿色，无毛，背面多白粉，被易脱落的细绒毛，基出脉通常5，侧脉2对，稀3对，细脉网状，常呈淡红色；叶柄长1-12厘米, 上面具浅沟槽。大型圆锥花序多花，长15-40厘米，顶生和腋生；花梗长2-7毫米；苞片狭披针形。花芽棒状，近白色，长约1厘米；萼片倒卵状长圆形，长约1厘米，舟状，黄白色；花瓣无；雄蕊24-30，花丝丝状，长约5毫米，花药条形，与花丝等长；子房倒卵形至狭倒卵形，长2-4毫米，先端圆，基部渐狭，花柱长约1毫米，柱头2裂，下延于花柱上。蒴果狭倒卵形或倒披针形，长1.3-3厘米．粗5-7毫米，先端圆或钝，基部渐狭，无毛。种子4-6（-8）枚，卵珠形，长1.5-2毫米，生于缝线两侧，无柄，种皮具排成行的整齐的蜂窝状孔穴，有狭的种阜。花果期6-11月。
分布（Distribution）：我国长江以南、南岭以北的大部分省区均有分布，生于海拔150-830米的丘陵或低山林中、灌丛中或草丛间。日本也产。
用途（Use）：全草有大毒，不可内服，入药治跌打损伤、关节炎、汗斑、恶疮、蜂螫伤及麻醉镇痛、消肿；作农药可防治稻椿象、稻苞虫、钉螺等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 287
Macleaya cordata (Willdenow) R. Brown, Obs. Pl. Denham Clapperton. 218. 1826.
博落回 bo luo hui| Papaveraceae | Macleaya
Bocconia cordata Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 2: 841. 1797; Macleaya cordata var. yedoensis (André) Fedde; M. yedoensis André.
Herbs, erect, basally lignified, yellow lactiferous. Stems green, glaucous, 1-4 m, smooth, branched above in inflorescence. Leaves: petiole 1-12 cm, adaxially shallowly channeled; blade glaucous abaxially, gray-green adaxially, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 5-27 × 5-25 cm, usually 7- or 9-parted or lobed, apex acute, acuminate, obtuse, or rounded; lobes semicircular, quadrate, deltoid, or orbicular, margin undulate, incised, or serrate to serrulate, abaxially sparsely villous, adaxially glabrous, basal veins usually 5, lateral veins 2 pairs, rarely 3, veinlets netted. Panicles large, terminal and axillary, multiflorous, 15-40 cm; bracts narrowly lanceolate. Pedicel 2-7 mm. Flower buds almost white, clavate, ca. 10 mm. Sepals yellowish white, obovate-oblong, cymbiform, ca. 10 mm. Stamens 24-30; filaments ca. 5 mm; anthers linear, ca. equal to filaments. Ovary obovoid to narrowly obovoid, 2-4 mm, base attenuate, apex rounded; styles ca. 1 mm; stigmas 2-lobed, decurrent to styles. Capsule narrowly obovoid or oblanceolate, 1.3-3 cm × 5-7 mm, glabrous, base attenuate, apex rounded or obtuse. Seeds 4-6(-8), ovoid, 1.5-2 mm, attached bilaterally, sessile, seed coat with regular alveolate foveolae, narrowly carunculate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 10, 20*.
Foothills, forests, among shrubs or tussocks on low mountains, riversides, pool sides; 100-800 m. Anhui, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Japan].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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