荷包牡丹Lamprocapnos spectabilis
中文名（Chinese Name）：荷包牡丹
学名（Scientific Name）：Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara
英文名（English Common Name）：bleeding heart
别名（Chinese Common Name）：荷包花
异名（Synonym）：Dicentra spectabilis (Linn.) Lem. Hedycapnos spectabilis Planch. Capnorchis spectabilis (L.) Borkh. Corydalis spectabilis Pers. Diclytra spectabilis (L.) DC. Eucapnos spectabilis (L.) Siebold & Zucc.
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）荷包牡丹属
形态特征（Description）：直立草本，高30-60厘米或更高。茎圆柱形，带紫红色。叶片轮廓三角形，长 (15-）20-30（-40）厘米，宽（10-）14-17（-20）厘米，二回三出全裂，第一回裂片具长柄，中裂片的柄较侧裂片的长，第二回裂片近无柄，2或3裂，小裂片通常全缘，表面绿色，背面具白粉，两面叶脉明显；叶柄长约10厘米。总状花序长约15厘米，有(5-) 8-11 (-15)花，于花序轴的一侧下垂；花梗长1-1.5厘米；苞片钻形或线状长圆形，长3-5(-10)毫米，宽约1毫米。花优美，长2.5-3厘米，宽约2厘米，长为宽的1-1.5倍，基部心形；萼片披针形，长3-4毫米，玫瑰色，于花开前脱落；外花瓣紫红色至粉红色，稀白色，下部囊状，囊长约1.5厘米，宽约1厘米，具数条脉纹，上部变狭并向下反曲，长约1厘米，宽约2毫米，内花瓣长约2.2厘米，花瓣片略呈匙形，长1-1.5厘米，先端圆形部分紫色，背部鸡冠状突起自先端延伸至瓣片基部，高达3毫米，爪长圆形至倒卵形，长约1.5厘米，宽2-5毫米，白色；雄蕊束弧曲上升，花药长圆形；子房狭长圆形，长1-1.2厘米，粗1-1.5毫米，胚珠数枚，2行排列于子房的下半部，花柱细，长0.5-1.1厘米，每边具1沟槽，柱头狭长方形，长约1毫米，宽约0.5毫米，顶端2裂，基部近箭形。果未见。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国北部，生于海拔780-2800米的湿润草地和山坡。日本、朝鲜、俄罗斯有分布。
用途（Use）：全草入药，有镇痛、解痉、利尿、调经、散血、和血、除风、消疮毒等功效。庭园栽培供观赏。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 290
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (Linnaeus) Fukuhara, Pl. Syst. Evol. 206: 415. 1997.
荷包牡丹 he bao mu dan| Papaveraceae | Lamprocapnos
Fumaria spectabilis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 699. 1753; Capnorchis spectabilis (Linnaeus) Borkhausen; Dicentra spectabilis (Linnaeus) Lemaire; Diclytra spectabilis (Linnaeus) Candolle; Dielytra spectabilis (Linnaeus) G. Don; Eucapnos spectabilis (Linnaeus) Siebold & Zuccarini.
Herbs, perennial, glabrous, with ± erect, branched, leafy, rather thick, juicy stems 50-90 cm. Petiole 5-12 cm; leaf blade glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, broadly triangular in outline, 10-30 × 10-30 cm, 2 to almost 3 × ternately divided; leaflets cuneate, ± deeply divided into broad acute lobes or coarse teeth. Inflorescences terminal and axillary from upper leaves, racemelike, almost horizontal, long, lax, 7-15-flowered, subtended by linear bracts 3-5(-10) mm. Pedicel 5-15 mm, thin, with tiny paired bracteoles. Flowers with 2 planes of symmetry, ± cordate, 20-25 mm wide. Sepals early falling, 3-4 mm, entire. Outer petals pink or occasionally white, base broadly pouchlike; inner petals white, usually with red and yellow markings, 22-25 mm, projecting far beyond strongly reflexed outer petals and each with a prominent whitish crest. Stamens rather wide and undulate, petaloid, free from each other, each triplet only shortly fused below anthers; nectar secreted from base of each central stamen. Ovary green, fusiform; style persistent; stigma oblong, slightly 2-lobed at base and apically. Capsule oblong, 2-8-seeded, 25-35 mm, including a long straight persistent style. Seeds black, rounded, (2.5-)3 mm, smooth, with a large lobed elaiosome. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jun. 2n = 16.
Moist grasslands, slopes, open deciduous forests; 800-2800 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning [N Korea, extreme SE Russia].
This is a very long-cultivated ornamental plant, sometimes found as a garden escape.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara
英文名（English Common Name）：bleeding heart
别名（Chinese Common Name）：荷包花
异名（Synonym）：Dicentra spectabilis (Linn.) Lem. Hedycapnos spectabilis Planch. Capnorchis spectabilis (L.) Borkh. Corydalis spectabilis Pers. Diclytra spectabilis (L.) DC. Eucapnos spectabilis (L.) Siebold & Zucc.
科属（Family & Genus）：罂粟科（Papaveraceae）荷包牡丹属
形态特征（Description）：直立草本，高30-60厘米或更高。茎圆柱形，带紫红色。叶片轮廓三角形，长 (15-）20-30（-40）厘米，宽（10-）14-17（-20）厘米，二回三出全裂，第一回裂片具长柄，中裂片的柄较侧裂片的长，第二回裂片近无柄，2或3裂，小裂片通常全缘，表面绿色，背面具白粉，两面叶脉明显；叶柄长约10厘米。总状花序长约15厘米，有(5-) 8-11 (-15)花，于花序轴的一侧下垂；花梗长1-1.5厘米；苞片钻形或线状长圆形，长3-5(-10)毫米，宽约1毫米。花优美，长2.5-3厘米，宽约2厘米，长为宽的1-1.5倍，基部心形；萼片披针形，长3-4毫米，玫瑰色，于花开前脱落；外花瓣紫红色至粉红色，稀白色，下部囊状，囊长约1.5厘米，宽约1厘米，具数条脉纹，上部变狭并向下反曲，长约1厘米，宽约2毫米，内花瓣长约2.2厘米，花瓣片略呈匙形，长1-1.5厘米，先端圆形部分紫色，背部鸡冠状突起自先端延伸至瓣片基部，高达3毫米，爪长圆形至倒卵形，长约1.5厘米，宽2-5毫米，白色；雄蕊束弧曲上升，花药长圆形；子房狭长圆形，长1-1.2厘米，粗1-1.5毫米，胚珠数枚，2行排列于子房的下半部，花柱细，长0.5-1.1厘米，每边具1沟槽，柱头狭长方形，长约1毫米，宽约0.5毫米，顶端2裂，基部近箭形。果未见。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国北部，生于海拔780-2800米的湿润草地和山坡。日本、朝鲜、俄罗斯有分布。
用途（Use）：全草入药，有镇痛、解痉、利尿、调经、散血、和血、除风、消疮毒等功效。庭园栽培供观赏。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 7 Page 290
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (Linnaeus) Fukuhara, Pl. Syst. Evol. 206: 415. 1997.
荷包牡丹 he bao mu dan| Papaveraceae | Lamprocapnos
Fumaria spectabilis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 699. 1753; Capnorchis spectabilis (Linnaeus) Borkhausen; Dicentra spectabilis (Linnaeus) Lemaire; Diclytra spectabilis (Linnaeus) Candolle; Dielytra spectabilis (Linnaeus) G. Don; Eucapnos spectabilis (Linnaeus) Siebold & Zuccarini.
Herbs, perennial, glabrous, with ± erect, branched, leafy, rather thick, juicy stems 50-90 cm. Petiole 5-12 cm; leaf blade glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, broadly triangular in outline, 10-30 × 10-30 cm, 2 to almost 3 × ternately divided; leaflets cuneate, ± deeply divided into broad acute lobes or coarse teeth. Inflorescences terminal and axillary from upper leaves, racemelike, almost horizontal, long, lax, 7-15-flowered, subtended by linear bracts 3-5(-10) mm. Pedicel 5-15 mm, thin, with tiny paired bracteoles. Flowers with 2 planes of symmetry, ± cordate, 20-25 mm wide. Sepals early falling, 3-4 mm, entire. Outer petals pink or occasionally white, base broadly pouchlike; inner petals white, usually with red and yellow markings, 22-25 mm, projecting far beyond strongly reflexed outer petals and each with a prominent whitish crest. Stamens rather wide and undulate, petaloid, free from each other, each triplet only shortly fused below anthers; nectar secreted from base of each central stamen. Ovary green, fusiform; style persistent; stigma oblong, slightly 2-lobed at base and apically. Capsule oblong, 2-8-seeded, 25-35 mm, including a long straight persistent style. Seeds black, rounded, (2.5-)3 mm, smooth, with a large lobed elaiosome. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jun. 2n = 16.
Moist grasslands, slopes, open deciduous forests; 800-2800 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning [N Korea, extreme SE Russia].
This is a very long-cultivated ornamental plant, sometimes found as a garden escape.
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