薄荷Mentha canadensis

中文名Chinese Name):薄荷
学名Scientific Name):Mentha canadensis L.
英文名English Common Name):wild mint
别名Chinese Common Name):野薄荷、见肿消
异名Synonym):Mentha haplocalyx Briq.  Mentha arvensis subsp. haplocalyx (Briq.) Briq.  Mentha haplocalyx f. alba X. L. Liu et X. H. Guo  Mentha arvensis f. chinensis Debeaux  Mentha arvensis var. haplocalyx (Briq.) Briq.  Mentha canadensis var. retrorsa J. L. Liu  Mentha arvensis subsp. canadensis (L.) H.Hara  Mentha arvensis var. borealis Kuntze  Mentha canadensis subsp. borealis (Michx.) Piper  Mentha canadensis var. mexicana M.Martens & Galeotti  Mentha canadensis var. villosa Benth.  Mentha haplocalyx subsp. austera Briq.  Mentha haplocalyx var. nipponensis Matsum. & Kud?  Mentha haplocalyx var. pilosa G.J.Liu  Mentha sachalinensis f. arguta (Kitag.) Y.C.Zhu  Mentha terebinthinacea Willd. ex Steud.
科属Family & Genus):唇形科(Labiatae)薄荷属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本。茎直立,高30-60厘米,下部数节具纤细的须根及水平匍匐根状茎,锐四稜形,具四槽,上部被倒向微柔毛,下部仅沿稜上被微柔毛,多分枝。叶片长圆状披针形,披针形,椭圆形或卵状披针形,稀长圆形,长3-5(7)厘米,宽0.8-3厘米,先端锐尖,基部楔形至近圆形,边缘在基部以上疏生粗大的牙齿状锯齿,侧脉约5-6对,与中肋在上面微凹陷下面显著,上面绿色;沿脉上密生余部疏生微柔毛,或除脉外余部近于无毛,上面淡绿色,通常沿脉上密生微柔毛;叶柄长2-10毫米,腹凹背凸,被微柔毛。轮伞花序腋生,轮廓球形,花时径约18毫米,具梗或无梗,具梗时梗可长达3毫米,被微柔毛;花梗纤细,长2.5毫米,被微柔毛或近于无毛。花萼管状钟形,长约2.5毫米,外被微柔毛及腺点,内面无毛,10脉,不明显,萼齿5,狭三角状钻形,先端长锐尖,长1毫米。花冠淡紫,长4毫米,外面略被微柔毛,内面在喉部以下被微柔毛,冠檐4裂,上裂片先端2裂,较大,其余3裂片近等大,长圆形,先端钝。雄蕊4,前对较长,长约5毫米,均伸出于花冠之外,花丝丝状,无毛,花药卵圆形,2室,室平行。花柱略超出雄蕊,先端近相等2浅裂,裂片钻形。花盘平顶。小坚果卵珠形,黄褐色,具小腺窝。花期7-9月,果期10月。
分布(Distribution):产南北各地;生于海拔3500米以下水旁潮湿地。热带亚洲、俄罗斯、朝鲜,日本及北美洲也有。
用途(Use):幼嫩茎尖可作菜食,全草又可入药,治感冒发热喉痛,头痛,目赤痛,皮肤风疹搔痒,麻疹不透等症,此外对痈、疽、疥、癣、漆疮亦有效。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 237
Mentha canadensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 577. 1753.
薄荷 bo he| Lamiaceae  | Mentha
Mentha arvensis Linnaeus var. canadensis (Linnaeus) Maximowicz; M. arvensis f. chinensis Debeaux; M. arvensis subsp. haplocalyx (Briquet) Briquet; M. arvensis var. haplocalyx (Briquet) Briquet; M. haplocalyx Briquet; M. haplocalyx Briquet f. alba X. L. Liu & X. H. Guo; M. pedunculata Hu & Tsai.
Plants rhizomatous, perennial. Stems erect, 30-60 cm, puberulent, much branched. Petiole 2-10 mm; leaf blade ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 3-5(-7) × 0.8-3 cm, puberulent, base cuneate to rounded, margin remotely coarse dentate-serrate above base, apex acute. Verticillasters axillary, globose, ca. 1.8 cm in diam.; peduncle 0-3 mm. Pedicel slender, 2.5 mm. Calyx tubular-campanulate, ca. 2.5 mm, puberulent, glandular, obscurely 10-veined; teeth narrowly triangular-subulate, apex acuminate, ca. 1 mm. Corolla purplish or white, ca. 4 mm, puberulent; upper lobe largest, 2-lobulate; other lobes subequal, oblong, obtuse. Stamens ca. 5 mm. Nutlets yellow-brown, small pitted. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Oct.
Wet areas; 0-3500 m. In all provinces [Cambodia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam; North America]
Source of mint oil. Used in cigarettes, pharmaceuticals, and oral preparations.
薄荷Mentha canadensis

薄荷Mentha canadensis

薄荷Mentha canadensis

薄荷Mentha canadensis(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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