中文名（Chinese Name）：熊耳草
学名（Scientific Name）：Ageratum houstonianum Mill.
英文名（English Common Name）：bluemink
别名（Chinese Common Name）：紫花藿香蓟
异名（Synonym）：Carelia houstoniana (Mill.) Kuntze  Ageratum conyzoides var. mexicanum (Sims) DC.  Ageratum houstonianum f. luteum B.L.Rob.  Ageratum houstonianum f. niveum B.L.Rob.  Ageratum houstonianum var. angustatum B.L.Rob.  Ageratum mexicanum f. caeruleum Voss  Ageratum mexicanum f. lasseauxii (Carrière) Voss  Ageratum mexicanum f. wendlandii Voss  Ageratum mexicanum var. majus Voss  Ageratum mexicanum var. nanum Voss  Ageratum mexicanum var. wendlandii Voss
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科（Compositae）藿香蓟属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高30-70厘米或有时达1米。无明显主根。茎直立，不分枝，或自中上部或自下部分枝而分枝斜升，或下部茎枝平卧而节生不定根。茎基部径达6毫米。全部茎枝淡红色或绿色或麦秆黄色，被白色绒毛或薄棉毛，茎枝上部及腋生小枝上的毛常稠密，开展。叶对生，有时上部的叶近互生，宽或长卵形，或三角状卵形，中部茎叶长2-6厘米，宽1.5-3.5厘米，或长宽相等。自中部向上及向下和腋生的叶渐小或小。全部叶有叶柄，柄长0.7-3厘米，边缘有规则的圆锯齿，齿大或小，或密或稀，顶端圆形或急尖，基部心形或平截，三出基脉或不明显五出脉，两面被稀疏或稠密的白色柔毛，下面及脉上的毛较密，上部叶的叶柄、腋生幼枝及幼枝叶的叶柄通常被开展的白色长绒毛。头状花序5-15或更多在茎枝顶端排成直径2-4厘米的伞房或复伞房花序；花序梗被密柔毛或尘状柔毛。总苞钟状，径6-7毫米；总苞片2层，狭披针形，长4-5毫米，全缘，顶端长渐尖，外面被较多的腺质柔毛。花冠长2.5-3.5毫米，檐部淡紫色，5裂，裂片外面被柔毛。瘦果黑色，有5纵棱，长1.5-1.7毫米。冠毛膜片状，5个，分离，膜片长圆形或披针形，全长2-3毫米，顶端芒状长渐尖，有时冠毛膜片顶端截形，而无芒状渐尖，长仅0.1-0.15毫米。花果期全年。
分布（Distribution）：产墨西哥及毗邻地区，我国南北有栽培，均为园艺种。
用途（Use）：全草药用，性味微苦、凉，有清热解毒之效。在美洲（危地马拉）居民中，用全草以消炎，治咽喉痛。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 879, 883
Ageratum houstonianum Miller, Gard. Dict., ed. 8. Ageratum no. 2. 1768.
熊耳草 xiong er cao | Asteraceae  | Ageratum
Ageratum mexicanum Sims.
Herbs, annual, 30-70(-100) cm tall. Stems erect, simple or branched from middle or lower part; stems and branches purple-red, green, or straw-colored, white tomentose or thinly lanate. Leaves broadly ovate or triangular-ovate; petiole 0.7-3 cm; median stem leaves 2-6 × 1.5-3.5 cm, or length equal to width; upper and axillary leaves smaller; all leaves basally 3-veined or inconspicuously 5-veined, both surfaces sparsely or densely white pubescent, base cordate or truncate, margin crenate-serrate, apex rounded or acute; petioles of upper leaves and axillary branches usually spreading white long tomentose. Synflorescence corymbose, 2-4 cm in diam.; peduncle densely pubescent or powdery pubescent. Capitula 5-15 or more; involucre campanulate, 6-7 mm in diam.; phyllaries 2- or 3-seriate, narrowly lanceolate, 4-5 mm, abaxially glandular pubescent, margin entire, apex long acuminate; corollas tubular, 2.5-3.5 mm; limb purplish; lobes pubescent. Achenes black, 5-angled, 1.5-1.7 mm; pappus of 5 short free scales; scales oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 mm, apex aristate-acuminate, sometimes truncate and 0.1-1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. year-round. 2n = 20, 40.
Grasslands, roadsides, slopes in valleys; 100-1500 m. Cultivated and naturalized in Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Jiangsu, Nanhai Zhudao, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [native to tropical America; cultivated and naturalized in India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand; Africa].
Ageratum houstonianum is used medicinally. People in Central America (Ecuador) use the plant as an antiphlogistic, to relieve swelling and pain in the throat.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）