中文名（Chinese Name）：穿心莲
学名（Scientific Name）：Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：一见喜、印度草、榄核莲
异名（Synonym）：Andrographis paniculata var. glandulosa Trimen
科属（Family & Genus）：爵床科（Acanthaceae）穿心莲属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本。茎高50-80厘米，4棱，下部多分枝，节膨大。叶卵状矩圆形至矩圆状披针形，长4-8厘米，宽1-2.5厘米，顶端略钝。花序轴上叶较小，总状花序顶生和腋生，集成大型圆锥花序；苞片和小苞片微小，长约1毫米；花萼裂片三角状披针形，长约3毫米，有腺毛和微毛；花冠白色而小，下唇带紫色班纹，长约12毫米，外有腺毛和短柔毛，2唇形，上唇微2裂，下唇3深裂，花冠筒与唇瓣等长；雄蕊2，花药2室，一室基部和花丝一侧有柔毛。蒴果扁，中有一沟，长约10毫米，疏生腺毛；种子12粒，四方形，有皱纹。
分布（Distribution）：我国福建、广东、海南、广西、云南常见栽培，江苏、陕西亦有引种；原产地可能在南亚。澳大利亚也有栽培。
用途（Use）：茎、叶极苦，有清热解毒之效。
 
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19
Andrographis paniculata (N. L. Burman) Wallich ex Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 116. 1832.
穿心莲 chuan xin lian | Acanthaceae  | Andrographis
Justicia paniculata N. L. Burman, Fl. Indica, 9. 1768.
Herbs to 50 cm tall, annual, much branched. Stems 4-angled, glabrous. Petiole 0.3-1 cm; leaf blade ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, 1.5-7 × 1-2.5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially pale green, adaxially green, secondary veins 3-5 on each side of midvein, base attenuate and decurrent onto petiole, margin entire, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, leafy panicles of secund racemes; rachis glabrous to sparsely pubescent; bracts triangular to subulate, 1-1.5 mm; bracteoles linear to subulate, 1-1.5 mm. Pedicel 2-9 mm, sparsely pubescent with gland-tipped and non-glandular trichomes (gland-tipped pubescent). Calyx 2.5-3 mm, outside glabrous or gland-tipped pubescent, lobes subulate. Corolla white, 0.9-1.5 cm, outside gland-tipped pubescent; tube basally funnelform for 4-8 mm; lower lip with purple dots, 5-7 mm, erect, lobes ca. 3 mm; upper lip 5-7 mm, reflexed, 2-lobed, lobes ca. 1 mm. Stamens exserted from corolla tube. Style 6-10 mm, sparsely pilose toward base. Capsule ellipsoid-compressed, 1.5-2 × 0.3-0.4 cm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with gland-tipped trichomes, ca. 12-seeded. Seeds ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, rugose. Fl. and fr. throughout year. 2n = 50.
Cultivated or naturalized in Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Yunnan, and Zhejiang [native to India and Sri Lanka; cultivated or naturalized in Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Caribbean].
This species is used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）