倒地铃Cardiospermum halicacabum
中文名（Chinese Name）：倒地铃
学名（Scientific Name）：Cardiospermum halicacabum L.
英文名（English Common Name）：balloon vine
别名（Chinese Common Name）：风船葛
异名（Synonym）：Cardiospermum corindum L. Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Kunth) Blume Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth Cardiospermum acuminatum Miq. Cardiospermum glabrum Schumach. & Thonn. Cardiospermum luridum Blume Cardiospermum moniliferum Sw. ex Steud. Cardiospermum pumilum Blume Cardiospermum truncatum A.Rich. Corindum halicacabum (L.) Medik. Physalis corymbosa Noronha
科属（Family & Genus）：无患子科（Sapindaceae）倒地铃属
形态特征（Description）：草质攀援藤本，长约1-5米；茎、枝绿色，有5或6棱和同数的直槽，棱上被皱曲柔毛。二回三出复叶，轮廓为三角形；叶柄长3-4厘米；小叶近无柄，薄纸质，顶生的斜披针形或近菱形，长3-8厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，顶端渐尖，侧生的稍小，卵形或长椭圆形，边缘有疏锯齿或羽状分裂，腹面近无毛或有稀疏微柔毛，背面中脉和侧脉上被疏柔毛。圆锥花序少花，与叶近等长或稍长，总花梗直，长4-8厘米，卷须螺旋状；萼片4，被缘毛，外面2片圆卵形，长8-10毫米，内面2片长椭圆形，比外面2片约长1倍；花瓣乳白色，倒卵形；雄蕊（雄花）与花瓣近等长或稍长，花丝被疏而长的柔毛；子房（雌花）倒卵形或有时近球形，被短柔毛。蒴果梨形、陀螺状倒三角形或有时近长球形，高1.5-3厘米，宽2-4厘米，褐色，被短柔毛；种子黑色，有光泽，直径约5毫米，种脐心形，鲜时绿色，干时白色。花期夏秋，果期秋季至初冬。
分布（Distribution）：我国东部、南部和西南部很常见，北部较少，生长于田野、灌丛、路边和林缘。广布于全世界的热带和亚热带地区。
用途（Use）：全株可做药，味苦性凉，有清热利水、凉血解毒和消肿等功效。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 24
Cardiospermum halicacabum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 366. 1753.
倒地铃 dao di ling| Sapindaceae | Cardiospermum
Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Kunth) Blume; C. microcarpum Kunth.
Climbers, herbaceous, 1-1.5 m. Stems and branches green, 5- or 6-sulcate, slender, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Leaves biternate, triangular in outline; petioles 3-4 cm; leaflets subsessile; blades thinly papery, margin sparsely serrate or pinnately parted, abaxially sparsely villous on midvein and lateral veins, adaxially subglabrous or sparsely pilosulose; terminal blade obliquely lanceolate or subrhombic, 3-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm, apex acuminate; lateral ones slightly smaller, ovate or narrowly elliptic. Panicles few flowered, ca. as long as or slightly longer than
leaves; peduncles straight, 4-8 cm, tendrils spiralled. Sepals 4, ciliate, outer 2 ovate, 8-10 mm, inner 2 narrowly elliptic, ca. 2 × as long as outer ones. Petals milky-white, obovate. Stamens (male flowers) ca. as long as or slightly longer than petals; filaments sparsely long villous. Ovary (female flowers) obovoid or sometimes subglobose, pubescent. Capsules brown, pearlike, turbinate-obtriangular or sometimes nearly ellipsoid, 1.5-3 × 2-4 cm, pubescent. Seeds black, shiny, ca. 5 mm in diam.; hilum green when fresh, white when dry, cordate. Fl. summer-autumn, fr. autumn-early winter.
Forest margins, shrublands, grasslands, cultivated areas, wastelands. Common in E, S, and SW China, rare in N China [common weed widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions].
This species is used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Cardiospermum halicacabum L.
英文名（English Common Name）：balloon vine
别名（Chinese Common Name）：风船葛
异名（Synonym）：Cardiospermum corindum L. Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Kunth) Blume Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth Cardiospermum acuminatum Miq. Cardiospermum glabrum Schumach. & Thonn. Cardiospermum luridum Blume Cardiospermum moniliferum Sw. ex Steud. Cardiospermum pumilum Blume Cardiospermum truncatum A.Rich. Corindum halicacabum (L.) Medik. Physalis corymbosa Noronha
科属（Family & Genus）：无患子科（Sapindaceae）倒地铃属
形态特征（Description）：草质攀援藤本，长约1-5米；茎、枝绿色，有5或6棱和同数的直槽，棱上被皱曲柔毛。二回三出复叶，轮廓为三角形；叶柄长3-4厘米；小叶近无柄，薄纸质，顶生的斜披针形或近菱形，长3-8厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，顶端渐尖，侧生的稍小，卵形或长椭圆形，边缘有疏锯齿或羽状分裂，腹面近无毛或有稀疏微柔毛，背面中脉和侧脉上被疏柔毛。圆锥花序少花，与叶近等长或稍长，总花梗直，长4-8厘米，卷须螺旋状；萼片4，被缘毛，外面2片圆卵形，长8-10毫米，内面2片长椭圆形，比外面2片约长1倍；花瓣乳白色，倒卵形；雄蕊（雄花）与花瓣近等长或稍长，花丝被疏而长的柔毛；子房（雌花）倒卵形或有时近球形，被短柔毛。蒴果梨形、陀螺状倒三角形或有时近长球形，高1.5-3厘米，宽2-4厘米，褐色，被短柔毛；种子黑色，有光泽，直径约5毫米，种脐心形，鲜时绿色，干时白色。花期夏秋，果期秋季至初冬。
分布（Distribution）：我国东部、南部和西南部很常见，北部较少，生长于田野、灌丛、路边和林缘。广布于全世界的热带和亚热带地区。
用途（Use）：全株可做药，味苦性凉，有清热利水、凉血解毒和消肿等功效。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 24
Cardiospermum halicacabum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 366. 1753.
倒地铃 dao di ling| Sapindaceae | Cardiospermum
Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Kunth) Blume; C. microcarpum Kunth.
Climbers, herbaceous, 1-1.5 m. Stems and branches green, 5- or 6-sulcate, slender, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Leaves biternate, triangular in outline; petioles 3-4 cm; leaflets subsessile; blades thinly papery, margin sparsely serrate or pinnately parted, abaxially sparsely villous on midvein and lateral veins, adaxially subglabrous or sparsely pilosulose; terminal blade obliquely lanceolate or subrhombic, 3-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm, apex acuminate; lateral ones slightly smaller, ovate or narrowly elliptic. Panicles few flowered, ca. as long as or slightly longer than
leaves; peduncles straight, 4-8 cm, tendrils spiralled. Sepals 4, ciliate, outer 2 ovate, 8-10 mm, inner 2 narrowly elliptic, ca. 2 × as long as outer ones. Petals milky-white, obovate. Stamens (male flowers) ca. as long as or slightly longer than petals; filaments sparsely long villous. Ovary (female flowers) obovoid or sometimes subglobose, pubescent. Capsules brown, pearlike, turbinate-obtriangular or sometimes nearly ellipsoid, 1.5-3 × 2-4 cm, pubescent. Seeds black, shiny, ca. 5 mm in diam.; hilum green when fresh, white when dry, cordate. Fl. summer-autumn, fr. autumn-early winter.
Forest margins, shrublands, grasslands, cultivated areas, wastelands. Common in E, S, and SW China, rare in N China [common weed widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions].
This species is used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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