两面针Zanthoxylum nitidum
中文名（Chinese Name）：两面针
学名（Scientific Name）：Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：大叶猫爪簕
异名（Synonym）：Fagara nitida Roxb. Fagara hamiltoniana (Roxb.) Engl. Zanthoxylum asperum var. glabrum C. C. Huang Zanthoxylum nitidum f. fastuosum How ex Huang Zanthoxylum nitidum var. neglectum How mss. Zanthoxylum hamiltonianum Wall. ex Hook. f.
科属（Family & Genus）：芸香科（Rutaceae）花椒属
形态特征（Description）：幼龄植株为直立的灌木，成龄植株攀援于它树上的木质藤本。老茎有翼状蜿蜒而上的木栓层，茎枝及叶轴均有弯钩锐刺，粗大茎干上部的皮刺其基部呈长椭圆形枕状凸起，位于中央的针刺短且纤细。叶有小叶（3）5-11片，萌生枝或苗期的叶其小叶片长可达16-27厘米，宽5-9厘米；小叶对生，成长叶硬革质，阔卵形或近圆形，或狭长椭圆形，长3-12厘米，宽1.5-6厘米，顶部长或短尾状，顶端有明显凹口，凹口处有油点，边缘有疏浅裂齿，齿缝处有油点，有时全缘；侧脉及支脉在两面干后均明显且常微凸起，中脉在叶面稍凸起或平坦；小叶柄长2-5毫米，稀近于无柄。花序腋生。花4基数；萼片上部紫绿色，宽约1毫米；花瓣淡黄绿色，卵状椭圆形或长圆形，长约3毫米；雄蕊长5-6毫米，花药在授粉期为阔椭圆形至近圆球形，退化雌蕊半球形，垫状，顶部4浅裂；雌花的花瓣较宽，无退化雄蕊或为极细小的鳞片状体；子房圆球形，花柱粗而短，柱头头状。果梗长2-5毫米，稀较长或较短；果皮红褐色，单个分果瓣径5.5-7毫米，顶端有短芒尖；种子圆珠状，腹面稍平坦，横径5-6毫米。花期3-5月，果期9-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾、福建、广东、海南、广西、贵州及云南，见于海拔800米以下的温热地方，山地、丘陵、平地的疏林、灌丛中、荒山草坡的有刺灌丛中较常见。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 54, 55, 59
Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxburgh) Candolle, Prodr. 1: 727. 1824.
两面针 liang mian zhen| Rutaceae | Zanthoxylum
Shrubs, erect or scrambling, or sometimes woody climbers. Trunk winged. Stems, branchlets, and leaf rachises usually with prickles. Rachis of inflorescences and abaxial surface of leaflet blades glabrous or hirsutulous. Leaves (3 or)5-11-foliolate; petiolules obsolete or to 5 mm; leaflet blades opposite, broadly ovate, subcordate, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or rarely ovate, 3-12 × 1.5-6(-8) cm, leathery, secondary and tertiary veins abaxially ridged when dry, margin crenate at least toward apex or entire, apex acuminate to caudate with a retuse tip. Inflorescences axillary. Flowers 4-merous. Perianth in 2 series. Sepals ca. 1 mm wide, apically purplish green. Petals pale yellowish green, ovate-elliptic to oblong, ca. 3 mm. Stamens in male flowers 5-6 mm; mature anthers ellipsoid to globose. Petals in female flowers broader than those in male flowers. Gynoecium in female flowers 4-carpelled; carpels globose. Styles stout, coherent at anthesis; stigma capitate. Fruit pedicel 2-5 mm; follicles reddish brown, (5-)5.5-7 mm in diam., apex beaked. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Sep-Nov or May.
Below 800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S and SE Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, Taiwan, Yunnan, S Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, SW Pacific islands].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：大叶猫爪簕
异名（Synonym）：Fagara nitida Roxb. Fagara hamiltoniana (Roxb.) Engl. Zanthoxylum asperum var. glabrum C. C. Huang Zanthoxylum nitidum f. fastuosum How ex Huang Zanthoxylum nitidum var. neglectum How mss. Zanthoxylum hamiltonianum Wall. ex Hook. f.
科属（Family & Genus）：芸香科（Rutaceae）花椒属
形态特征（Description）：幼龄植株为直立的灌木，成龄植株攀援于它树上的木质藤本。老茎有翼状蜿蜒而上的木栓层，茎枝及叶轴均有弯钩锐刺，粗大茎干上部的皮刺其基部呈长椭圆形枕状凸起，位于中央的针刺短且纤细。叶有小叶（3）5-11片，萌生枝或苗期的叶其小叶片长可达16-27厘米，宽5-9厘米；小叶对生，成长叶硬革质，阔卵形或近圆形，或狭长椭圆形，长3-12厘米，宽1.5-6厘米，顶部长或短尾状，顶端有明显凹口，凹口处有油点，边缘有疏浅裂齿，齿缝处有油点，有时全缘；侧脉及支脉在两面干后均明显且常微凸起，中脉在叶面稍凸起或平坦；小叶柄长2-5毫米，稀近于无柄。花序腋生。花4基数；萼片上部紫绿色，宽约1毫米；花瓣淡黄绿色，卵状椭圆形或长圆形，长约3毫米；雄蕊长5-6毫米，花药在授粉期为阔椭圆形至近圆球形，退化雌蕊半球形，垫状，顶部4浅裂；雌花的花瓣较宽，无退化雄蕊或为极细小的鳞片状体；子房圆球形，花柱粗而短，柱头头状。果梗长2-5毫米，稀较长或较短；果皮红褐色，单个分果瓣径5.5-7毫米，顶端有短芒尖；种子圆珠状，腹面稍平坦，横径5-6毫米。花期3-5月，果期9-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾、福建、广东、海南、广西、贵州及云南，见于海拔800米以下的温热地方，山地、丘陵、平地的疏林、灌丛中、荒山草坡的有刺灌丛中较常见。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 54, 55, 59
Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxburgh) Candolle, Prodr. 1: 727. 1824.
两面针 liang mian zhen| Rutaceae | Zanthoxylum
Shrubs, erect or scrambling, or sometimes woody climbers. Trunk winged. Stems, branchlets, and leaf rachises usually with prickles. Rachis of inflorescences and abaxial surface of leaflet blades glabrous or hirsutulous. Leaves (3 or)5-11-foliolate; petiolules obsolete or to 5 mm; leaflet blades opposite, broadly ovate, subcordate, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or rarely ovate, 3-12 × 1.5-6(-8) cm, leathery, secondary and tertiary veins abaxially ridged when dry, margin crenate at least toward apex or entire, apex acuminate to caudate with a retuse tip. Inflorescences axillary. Flowers 4-merous. Perianth in 2 series. Sepals ca. 1 mm wide, apically purplish green. Petals pale yellowish green, ovate-elliptic to oblong, ca. 3 mm. Stamens in male flowers 5-6 mm; mature anthers ellipsoid to globose. Petals in female flowers broader than those in male flowers. Gynoecium in female flowers 4-carpelled; carpels globose. Styles stout, coherent at anthesis; stigma capitate. Fruit pedicel 2-5 mm; follicles reddish brown, (5-)5.5-7 mm in diam., apex beaked. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Sep-Nov or May.
Below 800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S and SE Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, Taiwan, Yunnan, S Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, SW Pacific islands].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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