蚬壳花椒Zanthoxylum dissitum

中文名(Chinese Name):蚬壳花椒
学名(Scientific Name):Zanthoxylum dissitum Hemsl.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):麻疯刺、白皮两面针
异名Synonym): Fagara dissita (Hemsl.) Engl.  Zanthoxylum bodinieri H. Lév. 
科属Family & Genus):芸香科(Rutaceae)花椒属
形态特征Description):攀援藤本;老茎的皮灰白色,枝干上的刺多劲直,叶轴及小叶中脉上的刺向下弯钩,刺褐红色。叶有小叶5-9片,稀3片;小叶互生或近对生,形状多样,长达20厘米,宽1-8厘米或更宽,全缘或叶边缘有裂齿(针边蚬壳花椒),两侧对称,稀一侧稍偏斜,顶部渐尖至长尾状,厚纸质或近革质,无毛,中脉在叶面凹陷,油点甚小,在扩大镜下不易察见;小叶柄长3-10毫米。花序腋生,通常长不超过10厘米,花序轴有短细毛;萼片及花瓣均4片,油点不显;萼片紫绿色,宽卵形,长不及1毫米;花瓣淡黄绿色,宽卵形,长4-5毫米;雄花的花梗长1-3毫米;雄蕊4枚,花丝长5-6毫米;退化雌蕊顶端4浅裂;雌花无退化雄蕊。果密集于果序上,果梗短;果棕色,外果皮比内果皮宽大,外果皮平滑,边缘较薄,干后显出弧形环圈,长10-15毫米,残存花柱位于一侧,长不超过1/3毫米;种子径8-10毫米。
分布(Distribution):
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 11 Page 54, 58      
Zanthoxylum dissitum Hemsley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 106. 1886.
蚬壳花椒 xian ke hua jiao | Rutaceae  | Zanthoxylum
Woody climbers. Stem grayish white. Branchlets, leaf rachises, and midvein of leaflet blades with brownish red prickles. Leaves (3 or)5-9-foliolate; petiolules 3-10 mm; leaflet blades alternate to subopposite, symmetric or rarely oblique, to 20 × 1-8 cm, thickly papery to subleathery, glabrous, oil glands inconspicuous, midvein adaxially impressed, margin entire, repand, denticulate, or serrate, apex acuminate to caudate. Inflorescences axillary, to 10 cm; rachis pubescent. Flowers 4-merous. Perianth in 2 series. Sepals purplish green, broadly ovate, less than 1 mm. Petals pale yellowish green, broadly ovate, 4-5 mm. Male flowers: pedicel 1-3 mm; stamens 4; filaments 5-6 mm; rudimentary gynoecium 4-lobed. Female flowers without staminodes. Fruit follicles brown, densely pressed together in infructescence, 1-1.5 cm; outer part of pericarp (exocarp and mesocarp) extended beyond endocarp on each side of suture in dehisced fruit, smooth. Seeds 8-10 mm in diam. Fl. Apr-May or Nov-Dec, fr. Sep-Nov.
  • Upland thickets and open forests, forests; 300-2600 m. S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, SW Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.
蚬壳花椒Zanthoxylum dissitum

蚬壳花椒Zanthoxylum dissitum

 蚬壳花椒Zanthoxylum dissitum

蚬壳花椒Zanthoxylum dissitum
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