钩藤Uncaria rhynchophylla
中文名（Chinese Name）：钩藤
学名（Scientific Name）：Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：Nauclea rhynchophylla Miq. Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miq.) Matsum. Uncaria rhynchophylla var. kouteng T. Yamaz.
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：茜草科（Rubiaceae）钩藤属
形态特征（Description）：藤本；嫩枝较纤细，方柱形或略有4棱角，无毛。叶纸质，椭圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长5-12厘米，宽3-7厘米，两面均无毛，干时褐色或红褐色，下面有时有白粉，顶端短尖或骤尖，基部楔形至截形，有时稍下延；侧脉4-8对，脉腋窝陷有粘液毛；叶柄长5-15毫米，无毛；托叶狭三角形，深2裂达全长2/3，外面无毛，里面无毛或基部具粘液毛，裂片线形至三角状披针形。头状花序不计花冠直径5-8毫米，单生叶腋，总花梗具一节，苞片微小，或成单聚伞状排列，总花梗腋生，长5厘米；小苞片线形或线状匙形；花近无梗；花萼管疏被毛，萼裂片近三角形，长0.5毫米，疏被短柔毛，顶端锐尖；花冠管外面无毛，或具疏散的毛，花冠裂片卵圆形，外面无毛或略被粉状短柔毛，边缘有时有纤毛；花柱伸出冠喉外，柱头棒形。果序直径10-12毫米；小蒴果长5-6毫米，被短柔毛，宿存萼裂片近三角形，长1毫米，星状辐射。花、果期5-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、广西、云南、贵州、福建、湖南、湖北及江西，常生于山谷溪边的疏林或灌丛中。日本也有。
用途（Use）：本种带钩藤茎为著名中药（钩藤），功能清血平肝，息风定惊，用于风热头痛，感冒夹惊，惊痛抽搐等症，所含钩藤碱有降血压作用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 19 Page 348, 349, 351, 352
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miquel) Miquel ex Haviland, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 33: 890. 1897.
钩藤 gou teng| Rubiaceae | Uncaria
Nauclea rhynchophylla Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 108. 1867; Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miquel) Matsumura; Uncaria rhynchophylla var. koutong Yamazaki.
Lianas, height unknown. Young stems slender, weakly to markedly quadrangular, glabrous, sometimes glaucous. Petiole 5-15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade drying papery and often red-brown or dark red, elliptic, lanceolate, or elliptic-oblong, 5-12 × 3-7 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, often glaucous abaxially, base cuneate, obtuse, or rounded, apex acute to usually acuminate; secondary veins 4-8 pairs, sometimes with pilosulous domatia; stipules often deciduous, lanceolate to ovate, 4-15 mm, 2-lobed for up to 4/5, glabrous, lobes linear to triangular-lanceolate or ovate, acute to acuminate. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, solitary or usually in terminal groups of 7-11, glabrous; peduncles 1.5-5 cm, simple; bracts 1-4 mm; flowering heads 4-8 mm in diam. across calyces, 12-15 mm in diam. across corollas; bracteoles linear or linear-spatulate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers sessile or subsessile. Calyx with hypanthium portion obconic, ca. 1 mm, densely strigillose to strigose; limb densely strigillose, ca. 1 mm, lobed for 1/2 or more; lobes triangular to spatulate, acute to obtuse. Corolla color unknown, salverform, outside puberulent to glabrous; tube 5.5-6 mm; lobes ovate, 1.5-2 mm, rounded to obtuse. Fruiting head 10-20 mm in diam. Fruit sessile or subsessile, obovoid to fusiform, 5-7 mm, strigillose to strigose; seeds 2-3 mm. Fl. and fr. May-Dec.
Sparse forests or thickets at streamsides in valleys; near sea level to 1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
Ridsdale (Blumea 24: 93. 1978) included Uncaria rhynchophylloides as a synonym of U. rhynchophylla; however, these do appear to be distinct.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：Nauclea rhynchophylla Miq. Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miq.) Matsum. Uncaria rhynchophylla var. kouteng T. Yamaz.
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：茜草科（Rubiaceae）钩藤属
形态特征（Description）：藤本；嫩枝较纤细，方柱形或略有4棱角，无毛。叶纸质，椭圆形或椭圆状长圆形，长5-12厘米，宽3-7厘米，两面均无毛，干时褐色或红褐色，下面有时有白粉，顶端短尖或骤尖，基部楔形至截形，有时稍下延；侧脉4-8对，脉腋窝陷有粘液毛；叶柄长5-15毫米，无毛；托叶狭三角形，深2裂达全长2/3，外面无毛，里面无毛或基部具粘液毛，裂片线形至三角状披针形。头状花序不计花冠直径5-8毫米，单生叶腋，总花梗具一节，苞片微小，或成单聚伞状排列，总花梗腋生，长5厘米；小苞片线形或线状匙形；花近无梗；花萼管疏被毛，萼裂片近三角形，长0.5毫米，疏被短柔毛，顶端锐尖；花冠管外面无毛，或具疏散的毛，花冠裂片卵圆形，外面无毛或略被粉状短柔毛，边缘有时有纤毛；花柱伸出冠喉外，柱头棒形。果序直径10-12毫米；小蒴果长5-6毫米，被短柔毛，宿存萼裂片近三角形，长1毫米，星状辐射。花、果期5-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、广西、云南、贵州、福建、湖南、湖北及江西，常生于山谷溪边的疏林或灌丛中。日本也有。
用途（Use）：本种带钩藤茎为著名中药（钩藤），功能清血平肝，息风定惊，用于风热头痛，感冒夹惊，惊痛抽搐等症，所含钩藤碱有降血压作用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 19 Page 348, 349, 351, 352
Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miquel) Miquel ex Haviland, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 33: 890. 1897.
钩藤 gou teng| Rubiaceae | Uncaria
Nauclea rhynchophylla Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 108. 1867; Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miquel) Matsumura; Uncaria rhynchophylla var. koutong Yamazaki.
Lianas, height unknown. Young stems slender, weakly to markedly quadrangular, glabrous, sometimes glaucous. Petiole 5-15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade drying papery and often red-brown or dark red, elliptic, lanceolate, or elliptic-oblong, 5-12 × 3-7 cm, glabrous on both surfaces, often glaucous abaxially, base cuneate, obtuse, or rounded, apex acute to usually acuminate; secondary veins 4-8 pairs, sometimes with pilosulous domatia; stipules often deciduous, lanceolate to ovate, 4-15 mm, 2-lobed for up to 4/5, glabrous, lobes linear to triangular-lanceolate or ovate, acute to acuminate. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, solitary or usually in terminal groups of 7-11, glabrous; peduncles 1.5-5 cm, simple; bracts 1-4 mm; flowering heads 4-8 mm in diam. across calyces, 12-15 mm in diam. across corollas; bracteoles linear or linear-spatulate, ca. 2 mm. Flowers sessile or subsessile. Calyx with hypanthium portion obconic, ca. 1 mm, densely strigillose to strigose; limb densely strigillose, ca. 1 mm, lobed for 1/2 or more; lobes triangular to spatulate, acute to obtuse. Corolla color unknown, salverform, outside puberulent to glabrous; tube 5.5-6 mm; lobes ovate, 1.5-2 mm, rounded to obtuse. Fruiting head 10-20 mm in diam. Fruit sessile or subsessile, obovoid to fusiform, 5-7 mm, strigillose to strigose; seeds 2-3 mm. Fl. and fr. May-Dec.
Sparse forests or thickets at streamsides in valleys; near sea level to 1000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan].
Ridsdale (Blumea 24: 93. 1978) included Uncaria rhynchophylloides as a synonym of U. rhynchophylla; however, these do appear to be distinct.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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