中文名（Chinese Name）：葎草
学名（Scientific Name）：Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc.
英文名（English Common Name）：Japanese hop
别名（Chinese Common Name）：勒草、拉拉藤
异名（Synonym）：Humulopsis scandens (Lour.) Grudz.  Humulus japonicus Siebold et Zucc.  Antidesma scandens Lour.  Humulus aculeatus Nutt.  Humulus scandens var. variegatus (Siebold & Zucc.) Moldenke
科属（Family & Genus）：桑科（Moraceae）葎草属
形态特征（Description）：缠绕草本，茎、枝、叶柄均具倒钩刺。叶纸质，肾状五角形，掌状5-7深裂稀为3裂，长宽约7-10厘米，基部心脏形，表面粗糙，疏生糙伏毛，背面有柔毛和黄色腺体，裂片卵状三角形，边缘具锯齿；叶柄长5-10厘米。雄花小，黄绿色，圆锥花序，长约15-25厘米；雌花序球果状，径约5毫米，苞片纸质，三角形，顶端渐尖，具白色绒毛；子房为苞片包围，柱头2，伸出苞片外。瘦果成熟时露出苞片外。花期春夏，果期秋季。
分布（Distribution）：我国除新疆、青海外，南北各省区均有分布，常生于沟边、荒地、废墟、林缘边。日本、越南也有。
用途（Use）：本草可作药用，茎皮纤维可作造纸原料，种子油可制肥皂，果穗可代啤酒花H. lupulus用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 75
Humulus scandens (Loureiro) Merrill, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s. 24(2): 138. 1935.
葎草 lü cao| Cannabaceae  | Humulus
Antidesma scandens Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 157. 1790; Humulopsis scandens (Loureiro) Grudzinskaja; Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zuccarini.
Plants annual. Petiole 5-10 cm; leaf blade palmately (3 or)5-9-lobed, sometimes simple, 7-10 × 7-10 cm, papery, abaxially with rigid spinulose hairs on veins, adaxially pubescent but not densely so, base cordate; lobes ovate-triangular, margin serrate. Male inflorescences 15-25 cm. Male flowers: yellowish green. Female inflorescences ca. 0.5 in diam.; bracts ovoid, 7-10 mm, papery, spinulose, apex acuminate. Female flowers: 1 per bract inflorescence; ovary included by bracts; styles exerted from bracts. Infructescences 0.5-1.5(-2) cm. Achenes exerted from bracts when mature. Fl. spring to summer, fr. autumn.
Forest margins, wastelands, along streams. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Vietnam; naturalized in Europe and E North America].
No type specimen could be found of Antidesma scandens. Merrill’s transfer of this species to Humulus is based on Loureiro’s cryptic description, and this synonymy has not been universally accepted. For this reason the species has been variously recognized as H. scandens or H. japonicus in recent treatments.
The whole plant is used medicinally and the seed oil is used to make soap.


（责任编辑：徐晔春）