大叶桂樱Laurocerasus zippeliana
中文名（Chinese Name）：大叶桂樱
学名（Scientific Name）： Laurocerasus zippeliana (Miq.) T.T. Yu & L.T. Lu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：黄土树
异名（Synonym）： Laurocerasus macrophylla C. K. Schneid. Prunus oxycarpa (Hance) Maxim. Pygeum oxycarpum Hance Prunus macrophylla Siebold et Zucc. Prunus macrophylla var. crassistyla Cardot Prunus zippeliana var. crassistyla (Cardot) J. E. Vidal Prunus kanehirai Hayata ex Hisauti Prunus zippeliana Miq. Prunus zippeliana f. angustifolia T.T. Yu & L.T. Lu
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）李属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高10-25米；小枝灰褐色至黑褐色，具明显小皮孔，无毛。叶片革质，宽卵形至椭圆状长圆形或宽长圆形，长10-19厘米，宽4-8厘米，先端急尖至短渐尖，基部宽楔形至近圆形，叶边具稀疏或稍密粗锯齿，齿顶有黑色硬腺体，两面无毛，侧脉明显，7-13对；叶柄长1-2厘米，粗壮，无毛，有1对扁平的基腺；托叶线形，早落。总状花序单生或2-4个簇生于叶腋，长2-6厘米，被短柔毛；花梗长1-3毫米；苞片长2-3毫米，位于花序最下面者常在先端3裂而无花；花直径5-9毫米；花萼外面被短柔毛；萼筒钟形，长约2毫米；萼片卵状三角形，长1-2毫米，先端圆钝；花瓣近圆形，长约为萼片之2倍，白色；雄蕊约20-25，长约4-6毫米；子房无毛，花柱几与雄蕊等长。果实长圆形或卵状长圆形，长18-24毫米，宽8-11毫米，顶端急尖并具短尖头；黑褐色，无毛，核壁表面稍具网纹。花期7-10月，果期冬季。
分布（Distribution）：产甘肃、陕西、湖北、湖南、江西、浙江、福建、台湾、广东、广西、贵州、四川、云南。生于石灰岩山地阳坡杂木林中或山坡混交林下，海拔600-2400米。日本和越南北部也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 429
Laurocerasus zippeliana (Miquel) Browicz, Arbor. Kórnickie. 15: 6. 1970.
大叶桂樱 da ye gui ying | Rosaceae | Laurocerasus
Prunus zippeliana Miquel, Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: 367. 1855; Laurocerasus macrophylla C. K. Schneider; L. zippeliana var. crassistyla (Cardot) T. T. Yü & L. T. Lu; P. kanehirae Hayata ex Hisauchi; P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini (1845) not Poiret (1816); P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini var. crassistyla Cardot; P. oxycarpa (Hance) Maximowicz; P. zippeliana f. angustifolia T. T. Yü & L. T. Lu; P. zippeliana var. crassistyla (Cardot) J. E. Vidal; Pygeum oxycarpum Hance.
Trees 10–25(–30) m tall. Branchlets brown, grayish brown, or blackish brown, glabrous, with distinct suborbicular small lenticels. Petiole 1–2 cm, stout, glabrous, with a pair of flat basal nectaries; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, broadly ovate, elliptic-oblong, or broadly oblong, (5–)6–19 × (1.5–)2–8 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially greenish, adaxially dark green, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, margin with sparse to dense coarse black glandular serration, apex acute to shortly acuminate; secondary veins 7–13 on either side of midvein, abaxially prominent, adaxially flat to slightly impressed. Racemes solitary or to 4 in a fascicle, 2–6 cm, pubescent; bracts 2–3 mm, puberulous, basal fertile ones often apically tridentate, basal most ones often sterile, stout, glabrous, and conspicuously tripartite at apex. Flowers 5–9 mm in diam. Pedicel 1–3 mm, pubescent. Hypanthium campanulate, ca. 2 mm. Sepal ovate-triangular, 1–2 mm, outside sparsely pubescent, apex obtuse to rarely acute. Petals white, suborbicular, 2–4 mm, margin usually ciliate. Stamens 20–25, 4–6 mm. Ovary glabrous. Style to 4 mm, glabrous. Drupe blackish brown, oblong to ovoid-oblong, 1.8–2.4 × 0.8–1.1 cm, glabrous, apex acute and mucronate; endocarp glabrous, slightly reticulately rugose. Fl. Jul–Oct, fr. winter.
Mixed forests, thickets, calcareous mountain regions; 400--2400 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, N Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）： Laurocerasus zippeliana (Miq.) T.T. Yu & L.T. Lu
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：黄土树
异名（Synonym）： Laurocerasus macrophylla C. K. Schneid. Prunus oxycarpa (Hance) Maxim. Pygeum oxycarpum Hance Prunus macrophylla Siebold et Zucc. Prunus macrophylla var. crassistyla Cardot Prunus zippeliana var. crassistyla (Cardot) J. E. Vidal Prunus kanehirai Hayata ex Hisauti Prunus zippeliana Miq. Prunus zippeliana f. angustifolia T.T. Yu & L.T. Lu
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）李属
形态特征（Description）：常绿乔木，高10-25米；小枝灰褐色至黑褐色，具明显小皮孔，无毛。叶片革质，宽卵形至椭圆状长圆形或宽长圆形，长10-19厘米，宽4-8厘米，先端急尖至短渐尖，基部宽楔形至近圆形，叶边具稀疏或稍密粗锯齿，齿顶有黑色硬腺体，两面无毛，侧脉明显，7-13对；叶柄长1-2厘米，粗壮，无毛，有1对扁平的基腺；托叶线形，早落。总状花序单生或2-4个簇生于叶腋，长2-6厘米，被短柔毛；花梗长1-3毫米；苞片长2-3毫米，位于花序最下面者常在先端3裂而无花；花直径5-9毫米；花萼外面被短柔毛；萼筒钟形，长约2毫米；萼片卵状三角形，长1-2毫米，先端圆钝；花瓣近圆形，长约为萼片之2倍，白色；雄蕊约20-25，长约4-6毫米；子房无毛，花柱几与雄蕊等长。果实长圆形或卵状长圆形，长18-24毫米，宽8-11毫米，顶端急尖并具短尖头；黑褐色，无毛，核壁表面稍具网纹。花期7-10月，果期冬季。
分布（Distribution）：产甘肃、陕西、湖北、湖南、江西、浙江、福建、台湾、广东、广西、贵州、四川、云南。生于石灰岩山地阳坡杂木林中或山坡混交林下，海拔600-2400米。日本和越南北部也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 429
Laurocerasus zippeliana (Miquel) Browicz, Arbor. Kórnickie. 15: 6. 1970.
大叶桂樱 da ye gui ying | Rosaceae | Laurocerasus
Prunus zippeliana Miquel, Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: 367. 1855; Laurocerasus macrophylla C. K. Schneider; L. zippeliana var. crassistyla (Cardot) T. T. Yü & L. T. Lu; P. kanehirae Hayata ex Hisauchi; P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini (1845) not Poiret (1816); P. macrophylla Siebold & Zuccarini var. crassistyla Cardot; P. oxycarpa (Hance) Maximowicz; P. zippeliana f. angustifolia T. T. Yü & L. T. Lu; P. zippeliana var. crassistyla (Cardot) J. E. Vidal; Pygeum oxycarpum Hance.
Trees 10–25(–30) m tall. Branchlets brown, grayish brown, or blackish brown, glabrous, with distinct suborbicular small lenticels. Petiole 1–2 cm, stout, glabrous, with a pair of flat basal nectaries; leaf blade narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, broadly ovate, elliptic-oblong, or broadly oblong, (5–)6–19 × (1.5–)2–8 cm, leathery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially greenish, adaxially dark green, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, margin with sparse to dense coarse black glandular serration, apex acute to shortly acuminate; secondary veins 7–13 on either side of midvein, abaxially prominent, adaxially flat to slightly impressed. Racemes solitary or to 4 in a fascicle, 2–6 cm, pubescent; bracts 2–3 mm, puberulous, basal fertile ones often apically tridentate, basal most ones often sterile, stout, glabrous, and conspicuously tripartite at apex. Flowers 5–9 mm in diam. Pedicel 1–3 mm, pubescent. Hypanthium campanulate, ca. 2 mm. Sepal ovate-triangular, 1–2 mm, outside sparsely pubescent, apex obtuse to rarely acute. Petals white, suborbicular, 2–4 mm, margin usually ciliate. Stamens 20–25, 4–6 mm. Ovary glabrous. Style to 4 mm, glabrous. Drupe blackish brown, oblong to ovoid-oblong, 1.8–2.4 × 0.8–1.1 cm, glabrous, apex acute and mucronate; endocarp glabrous, slightly reticulately rugose. Fl. Jul–Oct, fr. winter.
Mixed forests, thickets, calcareous mountain regions; 400--2400 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, N Vietnam].
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