中文名（Chinese Name）：鼠李
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhamnus davurica Pall.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：臭李子、大绿
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：鼠李科（Rhamnaceae）鼠李属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高达10米；幼枝无毛，小枝对生或近对生，褐色或红褐色，稍平滑，枝顶端常有大的芽而不形成刺，或有时仅分叉处具短针刺；顶芽及腋芽较大，卵圆形，长5-8毫米，鳞片淡褐色，有明显的白色缘毛。叶纸质，对生或近对生，或在短枝上簇生，宽椭圆形或卵圆形，稀倒披针状椭圆形，长4-13厘米，宽2-6厘米，顶端突尖或短渐尖至渐尖，稀钝或圆形，基部楔形或近圆形，有时稀偏斜，边缘具圆齿状细锯齿，齿端常有红色腺体，上面无毛或沿脉有疏柔毛，下面沿脉被白色疏柔毛，侧脉每边4-5 (6)条，两面凸起，网脉明显；叶柄长1.5-4厘米，无毛或上面有疏柔毛。花单性，雌雄异株，4基数，有花瓣，雌花1-3个生于叶腋或数个至20余个簇生于短枝端，有退化雄蕊，花柱2-3浅裂或半裂；花梗长7-8毫米。核果球形，黑色，直径5-6毫米，具2分核，基部有宿存的萼筒；果梗长1-1.2厘米；种子卵圆形，黄褐色，背侧有与种子等长的狭纵沟。花期5-6月，果期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产东北、河北、山西，生于海拔1800米以下山坡林下，灌丛或林缘和沟边阴湿处。俄罗斯、蒙古和朝鲜也有分布。
用途（Use）：种子榨油作润滑油；果肉药用，解热、泻下及治瘰疬等；树皮和叶可提取栲胶；树皮和果实可提制黄色染料；木材坚实，可供制家具及雕刻之用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 144, 155   
Rhamnus davurica Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. 3: 721. 1776.
鼠李 shu li| Rhamnaceae  | Rhamnus
Shrubs or small trees, dioecious, to 10 m tall, unarmed, much branched. Branchlets opposite to subopposite, or fascicled on short shoots, brown or red-brown, glabrous or slightly smooth, often terminating in a large bud; terminal and axillary buds ovoid, large, 5-8 mm; scales pale brown, conspicuously white ciliate. Leaves opposite or fascicled on short shoots; petiole 1.5-4 cm, glabrous or pilose; leaf blade broadly elliptic or ovate, rarely oblanceolate-elliptic, 4-13 × 2-6 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely pilose on veins, adaxially glabrous or sparsely pilose on veins, lateral veins 4 or 5(or 6) pairs, prominent on both surfaces, base cuneate or subrounded, sometimes slightly oblique, margin finely crenate, with glandular teeth, apex acute or shortly acuminate to acuminate, rarely obtuse or rounded. Flowers yellowish green, unisexual, 4-merous. Sepals very thin, translucent, 3-veined. Petals present. Male flowers 7-8 mm, very narrow; calyx tube narrowly funnel-shaped, ovary rudimentary. Female flowers 1-3 in leaf axils or few- to 20-fascicled on short shoots, with rudimentary stamens; style 2- or 3-fid or cleft to half, 7-8 mm. Drupe black, globose, 5-6 mm in diam., with 2 stones, with persistent calyx tube at base; fruiting pedicel 1-1.2 cm. Seeds yellow-brown, ovoid-globose, abaxially-laterally narrowly furrowed for entire length. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 24*.
Forests on slopes, forest margins, thickets, wet places along canals; below 1800 m. Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi [N Korea, Mongolia, Russia (Far East, Siberia)].
The bark and fruit are used for making a yellow dye, the hard wood for making furniture, and oil extracted from the seeds for making lubricating oil. The fleshy fruit is used medicinally.
 


（责任编辑：徐晔春）