麻楝Chukrasia tabularis

中文名(Chinese Name):麻楝
学名(Scientific Name):Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Plagiotaxis velutina Wall.  Dysoxylum esquirolii H. Lév.  Chickrassia nimmonii J. Graham et Wight  Chickrassia tabularis Wight et Arn..  Chickrassia tabularis var. velutina (M. Roemer) King  Chickrassia velutina M. Roem.  Chukrasia chickrassa (Roxb.) J.Schultze-Motel  Chukrasia nimmonii Graham ex Wight  Chukrasia tabularis var. dongnaiensis (Pierre) Pellegr.  Chukrasia tabularis var. macrocarpa (Pierre) Pellegr.  Chukrasia tabularis var. microcarpa (Pierre) Pellegr.  Chukrasia trilocularis (G.Don) M.Roem.  Chukrasia velutina var. dongnaiensis Pierre  Chukrasia velutina var. macrocarpa Pierre  Chukrasia velutina var. microcarpa Pierre
科属(Family & Genus):楝科(Meliaceae)麻楝属
形态特征(Description):乔木,高达25米;老茎树皮纵裂,幼枝赤褐色,无毛,具苍白色的皮孔。叶通常为偶数羽状复叶,长30-50厘米,无毛,小叶10-16枚;叶柄圆形柱形,长4.5-7厘米;小叶互生,纸质,卵形至长圆状披针形,长7-12厘米,宽3-5厘米,先端渐尖,基部圆形,偏形,偏斜,下侧常短于上侧,两面均无毛或近无毛,侧脉每边10-15条,至边缘处分叉,背面侧脉稍明显突起;小叶柄长4-8毫米。圆锥花序顶生,长约为叶的一半,疏散,具短的总花梗,分枝无毛或近无毛;苞片线形,早落;花长约1.2-1.5厘米,有香味;花梗短,具节;萼浅杯状,高约2毫米,裂齿短而钝,外面被极短的微柔毛;花瓣黄色或略带紫色,长圆形,长1.2-1.5厘米,外面中部以上被稀疏的短柔毛;雄蕊管圆筒形,无毛,顶端近截平,花药10,椭圆形,着生于管的近顶部;子房具柄,略被紧贴的短硬毛,花柱圆柱形,被毛,柱头头状,约与花药等高。蒴果灰黄色或褐色,近球形或椭圆形,长4.5厘米,宽3.5-4厘米,顶端有小凸尖,无毛,表面粗糙而有淡褐色的小疣点;种子扁平,椭圆形,直径5毫米,有膜质的翅,连翅长1.2-2厘米。花期4-5月,果期7月至翌年1月。
分布(Distribution):
用途(Use):木材黄褐色或赤褐色,芳香,坚硬,有光泽,易加工,耐腐,为建筑、造船、家具等良好用材。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 11 Page 117   
Chukrasia tabularis A. Jussieu, Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 23: 241. 1830.
麻楝 ma lian | Meliaceae  | Chukrasia
Chickrassia nimmonii J. Graham ex Wight; C. tabularis Wight & Arnott; C. tabularis var. velutina (M. Roemer) King; C. velutina M. Roemer; Chukrasia tabularis var. velutina (M. Roemer) Pellegrin; C. velutina (M. Roemer) C. Candolle; Dysoxylum esquirolii H. Léveillé.
Trees to 25 m tall. Bark of old branches exfoliating. Young branches reddish brown, glabrous, with pale lenticels. Leaves usually 30-50 cm; petiole cylindric, 4.5-7 cm; leaflets 10-16; petiolules 4-8 mm; leaflet blades ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 7-12 × 3-5 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially pubescent, secondary veins 10-15 on each side of midvein and abaxially prominent, base oblique, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate. Thyrses lax, ca. 1/2 as long as leaves, branches glabrous or subglabrous; peduncle short; bracts linear, caducous. Flowers 1.2-1.5 cm, fragrant. Pedicel short, jointed. Calyx ca. 2 mm, puberulent. Petals cream-colored to ± lavender, linear-oblong to spatulate, 12-15 × 5-6 mm. Staminal tube cylindric, glabrous, apex truncate; anthers 10, oblong, inserted near apex of tube. Ovary on a short disk, elongate, covered with trichomes; style cylindric, short, thick, covered with trichomes; stigma as high as anthers, capitate, apically 3-lobed. Capsule yellowish gray to brown, subglobose to oblong, ca. 4.5 × 3.5-4 cm, usually 3-valved, woody, surface coarse and verrucose, many seeded. Seeds flat, oblong, ca. 3 × 0.5 mm, broadly winged. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Jan.
Mixed evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous forests, sparse forests in hilly regions; 300-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
The timber is valuable for making furniture, plywood, carving planks, and woodwork in railway carriages. A yellow transparent gum is obtained from the sap; the astringent bark is medicinal.
麻楝Chukrasia tabularis

麻楝Chukrasia tabularis

麻楝Chukrasia tabularis(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[1]

踩一下[0]