云树Garcinia cowa
中文名（Chinese Name）：云树
学名（Scientific Name）：Garcinia cowa Roxb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：云南山竹子
异名（Synonym）：Garcinia wallichii Choisy Oxycarpus gangetica Buch.-Ham. Cambogia crassifolia Blanco Garcinia umbellifera Wall. Stalagmitis cowa G.Don Stalagmitis kydiana G.Don
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）藤黄属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高8-12米，胸径15-2厘米；树皮暗褐色；树冠圆锥形，分枝多而细长，密集于树干顶端，平伸，先端通常下垂，小枝暗褐色，具纵条纹。叶片坚纸质，披针形或长圆状披针形，长6-14厘米，宽2-5厘米，顶端渐尖或长渐尖，稀急尖或钝，基部楔形，有时微下延，中脉在上面下陷，下面隆起，侧脉12-18对，网脉两面明显；叶柄长0.8-1.5 (-2 )厘米。花单性，异株。雄花3-8，顶生或腋生，伞形排列，总梗极短，有时近无梗而成簇生状，基部具钻形苞片4；花梗纤细，长4-8毫米；花瓣黄色，长约为萼片的2倍，雄蕊多数，约40-50枚，花丝合生成1束，束柄头状，有时少部份花药具短的花丝，无退化雌蕊。雌花通常单生叶腋，比雄花大；花梗粗壮，长2-3毫米；退化雄蕊下半部合生，包围子房的基部，花丝或长或短，通常短于子房；子房卵球形，4-8室，柱头辐射状分裂，上面具乳头状瘤突，高6-7毫米，外面具4-8稜。果成熟时卵球形，直径4-5厘米，暗黄褐色，外面具沟槽4-8条，果顶端通常突尖，偏斜；成熟种子2-4，狭长，纺锤形，微弯，表面凹凸不平，长约2.5厘米。花期3-5月，果期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南。生于海拔150-1300米沟谷、低丘潮湿的杂木林中。印度，孟加拉经中南半岛至马来群岛和安达曼群岛也有。
用途（Use）：果成熟后味酸甜，可食用；种子含油量约为9.37%。
引自中国植物志英文版 FOC Vol. 13 Page 41, 43, 45
Garcinia cowa Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 622. 1832.
云树 yun shu| Clusiaceae | Garcinia
Garcinia roxburghii Wight; G. wallichii Choisy; Oxycarpus gangetica Buchanan-Hamilton.
Trees 8-12 m tall, 15-20 cm in diam. Bark dark brown. Branches many, borne toward top of trunk, horizontal but usually distally pendulous, slender; twigs dark brown, striate. Petiole 0.8-1.5(-2) cm; leaf blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-14 × 2-5 cm, papery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 12-18 pairs, near margin joining together; tertiary veins conspicuous on both surfaces, base cuneate, sometimes slightly decurrent, margin cartilaginous, involute, apex acuminate or long acuminate, rarely acute or obtuse. Plant dioecious. Male flowers 3-8, terminal or axillary, in an umbel; umbel shortly pedunculate or rarely sessile, 4-bracteate at base; bracts subulate; pedicels 4-8 mm, slender; petals yellow, ca. 2 × as long as sepals; stamen fascicles 4, connate, forming a central capitate 4-sided mass of 40-50 anthers; filaments ± absent, at most short, anthers 4-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode absent. Female flowers usually solitary, axillary, larger than male; pedicels robust, 2-3 mm; staminodes united in lower half and enveloping ovary base; filaments long or short, usually shorter than ovary; ovary ovoid, 4-8-loculed; stigma radiately 4-8-lobed, papillate, 6-7 mm high. Mature fruit opaquely yellow-brown, ovoid-globose, oblique, 5-6 × 4-5 cm in diam., 4-8-sulcate, usually apiculate. Seeds 2-4, narrow, fusiform, slightly curved, ca. 2.5 cm, rough. Fl. May, fr. Jul- Oct. 2n = 52.
Humid mixed forests on hills or in valleys; (100-)400-900(-1300) m. S and W Yunnan [E Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Vietnam].
The mature fruit is edible. The seeds yield ca. 9% oil.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Garcinia cowa Roxb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：云南山竹子
异名（Synonym）：Garcinia wallichii Choisy Oxycarpus gangetica Buch.-Ham. Cambogia crassifolia Blanco Garcinia umbellifera Wall. Stalagmitis cowa G.Don Stalagmitis kydiana G.Don
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）藤黄属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高8-12米，胸径15-2厘米；树皮暗褐色；树冠圆锥形，分枝多而细长，密集于树干顶端，平伸，先端通常下垂，小枝暗褐色，具纵条纹。叶片坚纸质，披针形或长圆状披针形，长6-14厘米，宽2-5厘米，顶端渐尖或长渐尖，稀急尖或钝，基部楔形，有时微下延，中脉在上面下陷，下面隆起，侧脉12-18对，网脉两面明显；叶柄长0.8-1.5 (-2 )厘米。花单性，异株。雄花3-8，顶生或腋生，伞形排列，总梗极短，有时近无梗而成簇生状，基部具钻形苞片4；花梗纤细，长4-8毫米；花瓣黄色，长约为萼片的2倍，雄蕊多数，约40-50枚，花丝合生成1束，束柄头状，有时少部份花药具短的花丝，无退化雌蕊。雌花通常单生叶腋，比雄花大；花梗粗壮，长2-3毫米；退化雄蕊下半部合生，包围子房的基部，花丝或长或短，通常短于子房；子房卵球形，4-8室，柱头辐射状分裂，上面具乳头状瘤突，高6-7毫米，外面具4-8稜。果成熟时卵球形，直径4-5厘米，暗黄褐色，外面具沟槽4-8条，果顶端通常突尖，偏斜；成熟种子2-4，狭长，纺锤形，微弯，表面凹凸不平，长约2.5厘米。花期3-5月，果期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南。生于海拔150-1300米沟谷、低丘潮湿的杂木林中。印度，孟加拉经中南半岛至马来群岛和安达曼群岛也有。
用途（Use）：果成熟后味酸甜，可食用；种子含油量约为9.37%。
引自中国植物志英文版 FOC Vol. 13 Page 41, 43, 45
Garcinia cowa Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 622. 1832.
云树 yun shu| Clusiaceae | Garcinia
Garcinia roxburghii Wight; G. wallichii Choisy; Oxycarpus gangetica Buchanan-Hamilton.
Trees 8-12 m tall, 15-20 cm in diam. Bark dark brown. Branches many, borne toward top of trunk, horizontal but usually distally pendulous, slender; twigs dark brown, striate. Petiole 0.8-1.5(-2) cm; leaf blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-14 × 2-5 cm, papery, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 12-18 pairs, near margin joining together; tertiary veins conspicuous on both surfaces, base cuneate, sometimes slightly decurrent, margin cartilaginous, involute, apex acuminate or long acuminate, rarely acute or obtuse. Plant dioecious. Male flowers 3-8, terminal or axillary, in an umbel; umbel shortly pedunculate or rarely sessile, 4-bracteate at base; bracts subulate; pedicels 4-8 mm, slender; petals yellow, ca. 2 × as long as sepals; stamen fascicles 4, connate, forming a central capitate 4-sided mass of 40-50 anthers; filaments ± absent, at most short, anthers 4-celled, cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistillode absent. Female flowers usually solitary, axillary, larger than male; pedicels robust, 2-3 mm; staminodes united in lower half and enveloping ovary base; filaments long or short, usually shorter than ovary; ovary ovoid, 4-8-loculed; stigma radiately 4-8-lobed, papillate, 6-7 mm high. Mature fruit opaquely yellow-brown, ovoid-globose, oblique, 5-6 × 4-5 cm in diam., 4-8-sulcate, usually apiculate. Seeds 2-4, narrow, fusiform, slightly curved, ca. 2.5 cm, rough. Fl. May, fr. Jul- Oct. 2n = 52.
Humid mixed forests on hills or in valleys; (100-)400-900(-1300) m. S and W Yunnan [E Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Vietnam].
The mature fruit is edible. The seeds yield ca. 9% oil.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
踩一下[0]
顶一下[0]