越南黄牛木Cratoxylum formosum
中文名（Chinese Name）：越南黄牛木
学名（Scientific Name）：Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Dyer
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：苦丁茶
异名（Synonym）：Hypericum biflorum Choisy Cratoxylum prunifolium Dyer Elodes formosa Jack
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）黄牛木属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木或乔木，高3-6米，全体无毛，树干下部有水平向的长枝刺，皮层片状剥落。小枝对生，略扁，多少呈四棱形，枝条圆柱形。叶片椭圆形或长圆形，长4-10厘米，宽2-4厘米，先端钝形或急尖，基部圆形，两面无毛，上面绿色，下面淡绿色，有透明的腺点，中脉在上面凹陷，下面凸起，侧脉每边8-10条，开展，近叶缘弧状网结，小脉网结；叶柄长5-7毫米，无毛。花序为花5-8朵聚集而成的团伞花序，生于脱落叶痕腋内。花直径1.3厘米；花梗长3-5毫米。萼片椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长5-6毫米，宽2-3毫米，先端钝形。花瓣倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，长11-15毫米，上半部边缘有小缘毛及褐色小斑点，基部狭爪状，有鳞片，鳞片不明显，楔形，顶端截平且具小齿，长约2毫米。雄蕊束3，长约10毫米，花丝离生，与雄蕊束柄等长，每束有花药约20-30个，药隔无腺体。下位肉质腺体舌状，向上渐狭，长1-1.5毫米。子房长锥形，长约4毫米，无毛，3室；花柱3，自基部叉开，与子房近等长。蒴果椭圆形，长l5毫米，宽达6毫米，顶端略尖，下部1/2被宿存的花萼所包被，黑褐色，无毛。种子每室6-8颗，倒卵形，长约7毫米，宽3毫米，基部狭爪状，不对称，一侧具翅。花期3-4月，果期5月以后。
分布（Distribution）：产海南。生于海拔600米以下灌丛中。自泰国、老挝、柬埔寨，经越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚至菲律宾也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 37
Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Dyer in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India. 1: 258. 1874.
越南黄牛木 yue nan huang niu mu | Clusiaceae | Cratoxylum
Shrubs or trees, deciduous, 3-6 m tall. Trunk with spreading, long thorns on lower part. Bark exfoliating in flakes. Twigs somewhat compressed, ± tetragonous when young, becoming terete; interpetiolar scars interrupted. Petiole 5-7 mm, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially greenish, adaxially green, elliptic to oblong, 4-10 × 2-4 cm, abaxially with pellucid glands, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 8-10 pairs, broadly spreading, anastomosing regularly near leaf margin; tertiary veins and veinlets reticulate, base rounded, apex obtuse or acute. Cymes 5-8-flowered, in axils of fallen leaves. Pedicels 3-5 mm. Flowers ca. 1.3 cm in diam. Sepals elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 5-6 × 2-3 mm, apex obtuse. Petals obovate or obovate-oblong, 1.1-1.5 cm, ciliolate and brown-glandular on upper half of margin, narrowly clawed at base; petal-scale indistinct, ca. 2 mm, base cuneate, apex truncate and denticulate. Stamen fascicles ca. 1 cm, with 20-30 stamens; filament ca. as long as stalk; connectives with glands or not. Fasciclodes ligulate, 1-1.5 mm, attenuate. Ovary narrowly conic, ca. 4 mm, glabrous; styles ca. 3.5 mm. Capsule dark brown, oblong, 0.6-1.5 cm, up to 1/2 enclosed by persistent calyx. Seeds 6-8 per locule, 3-7 mm. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. after May.
Thickets, open secondary forests; below 1000 m. S Guangxi, Hainan, S Yunnan [Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Dyer
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：苦丁茶
异名（Synonym）：Hypericum biflorum Choisy Cratoxylum prunifolium Dyer Elodes formosa Jack
科属（Family & Genus）：藤黄科（Guttiferae）黄牛木属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木或乔木，高3-6米，全体无毛，树干下部有水平向的长枝刺，皮层片状剥落。小枝对生，略扁，多少呈四棱形，枝条圆柱形。叶片椭圆形或长圆形，长4-10厘米，宽2-4厘米，先端钝形或急尖，基部圆形，两面无毛，上面绿色，下面淡绿色，有透明的腺点，中脉在上面凹陷，下面凸起，侧脉每边8-10条，开展，近叶缘弧状网结，小脉网结；叶柄长5-7毫米，无毛。花序为花5-8朵聚集而成的团伞花序，生于脱落叶痕腋内。花直径1.3厘米；花梗长3-5毫米。萼片椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长5-6毫米，宽2-3毫米，先端钝形。花瓣倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，长11-15毫米，上半部边缘有小缘毛及褐色小斑点，基部狭爪状，有鳞片，鳞片不明显，楔形，顶端截平且具小齿，长约2毫米。雄蕊束3，长约10毫米，花丝离生，与雄蕊束柄等长，每束有花药约20-30个，药隔无腺体。下位肉质腺体舌状，向上渐狭，长1-1.5毫米。子房长锥形，长约4毫米，无毛，3室；花柱3，自基部叉开，与子房近等长。蒴果椭圆形，长l5毫米，宽达6毫米，顶端略尖，下部1/2被宿存的花萼所包被，黑褐色，无毛。种子每室6-8颗，倒卵形，长约7毫米，宽3毫米，基部狭爪状，不对称，一侧具翅。花期3-4月，果期5月以后。
分布（Distribution）：产海南。生于海拔600米以下灌丛中。自泰国、老挝、柬埔寨，经越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚至菲律宾也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 13 Page 37
Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Dyer in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India. 1: 258. 1874.
越南黄牛木 yue nan huang niu mu | Clusiaceae | Cratoxylum
Shrubs or trees, deciduous, 3-6 m tall. Trunk with spreading, long thorns on lower part. Bark exfoliating in flakes. Twigs somewhat compressed, ± tetragonous when young, becoming terete; interpetiolar scars interrupted. Petiole 5-7 mm, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially greenish, adaxially green, elliptic to oblong, 4-10 × 2-4 cm, abaxially with pellucid glands, midvein raised abaxially, impressed adaxially; secondary veins 8-10 pairs, broadly spreading, anastomosing regularly near leaf margin; tertiary veins and veinlets reticulate, base rounded, apex obtuse or acute. Cymes 5-8-flowered, in axils of fallen leaves. Pedicels 3-5 mm. Flowers ca. 1.3 cm in diam. Sepals elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 5-6 × 2-3 mm, apex obtuse. Petals obovate or obovate-oblong, 1.1-1.5 cm, ciliolate and brown-glandular on upper half of margin, narrowly clawed at base; petal-scale indistinct, ca. 2 mm, base cuneate, apex truncate and denticulate. Stamen fascicles ca. 1 cm, with 20-30 stamens; filament ca. as long as stalk; connectives with glands or not. Fasciclodes ligulate, 1-1.5 mm, attenuate. Ovary narrowly conic, ca. 4 mm, glabrous; styles ca. 3.5 mm. Capsule dark brown, oblong, 0.6-1.5 cm, up to 1/2 enclosed by persistent calyx. Seeds 6-8 per locule, 3-7 mm. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. after May.
Thickets, open secondary forests; below 1000 m. S Guangxi, Hainan, S Yunnan [Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
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