粉单竹 Bambusa chungii

中文名(Chinese Name):粉单竹
学名(Scientific Name):Bambusa chungii McClure
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Lingnania chungii (McClure) McClure  Lingnania chungii var. petilla T. H. Wen  Bambusa chungii var. petilla (T.H.Wen) Ohrnb.  Lingnania chungii var. barbellata Q.H.Dai
科属(Family & Genus):禾本科(Gramineae)簕竹属
形态特征(Description):竿直立,顶端微弯曲,高(3)5-10(18)米,直径3-5(7)厘米;节间幼时被白色蜡粉,无毛,一般长30-45厘米,惟最长者可达1米或更长,竿壁厚3-5毫米;竿环平坦;箨环稍隆起,最初在节下方密生一圈向下的棕色刺毛环,以后则渐变无毛。捧鞘早落,质薄而硬,脱落后在箨环留存一圈窄的木栓环,幼时在背面被白蜡粉及稀疏贴生的小刺毛,以后刺毛脱落,致使箨鞘背面之上部变为无毛,但向基部则仍有宿存之暗色柔毛;箨耳呈窄带形,边缘生淡色繸毛,后者长而纤细,有光泽;箨舌高约1.5毫米,先端截平或隆起,上缘具梳齿状裂刻或具长流苏状毛;箨片淡黄绿色,强烈外翻,脱落性,卵状披针形,先端渐尖而边缘内卷,基部呈圆形向内收窄,基底宽度约为箨鞘先端的1/5>背面多少有些密生小刺毛,腹面无毛而微糙涩;竿的分枝习性高,常自第八节开始,以数枝乃至多枝簇生,枝彼此粗细近相等,无毛,但被蜡粉;末级小枝大都具7叶;叶鞘无毛;叶耳及鞘口繸毛常甚发达,但有时亦可不很显著,当存在时其质脆,易早落;叶片质地较厚,披针形乃至线状披针形,大小有变化,一般长10-16(20)厘米,宽1-2(3-5)厘米,上表面沿中脉基部渐粗糙,下表面起初被微毛,以后则渐变为无毛,先端渐尖,基部的两侧不对称,次脉5或6对。花枝极细长,无叶,通常每节仅生1或2枚假小穗,后者宽卵形,长可达2厘米,无毛,先端渐尖,含4或5朵小花,后者形肿胀,最下方之1或2朵小花较大,上部的1或2朵则退化;具芽苞片1或2;颖1或2片;小穗轴节间无毛,甚短,但向上则逐渐较长,质柔,中空;外稃宽卵形,长9-12毫米,先端钝但具细尖头,背面无毛,边缘被纤毛;内稃与外稃近等长,先端钝或截平,纵脉不明显,脊上无毛,边缘被纤毛;鳞被3,近相等,背面具粗硬小毛,顶端生纤毛;花药顶端具短细的芒状尖头;子房先端被粗硬毛,花柱长1-2毫米,柱头3或2,呈疏稀羽毛状。未成熟果实的果皮在上部变硬,干后呈三角形,成熟颖果呈卵形,长8-9毫米,深棕色,腹面有沟槽。
分布(Distribution):华南特产,分布湖南南部、福建、广东、广西。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 32, 33
Bambusa chungii McClure, Lingnan Sci. J. 15: 639. 1936.
粉箪竹 fen dan zhu | Poaceae  | Bambusa
Lingnania chungii (McClure) McClure; L. chungii var. petilla T. H. Wen.
Culms 5–10(–18) m, 3–5(–7) cm in diam.; internodes 30–45(–100) cm, initially white powdery, glabrous; wall 3–5 mm thick; nodes flat; sheath scars corky, initially with a ring of dense, brown hairs; branching from distal nodes only. Branches many, subequal. Culm sheaths deciduous, thinly leathery, initially white powdery, silky hairy, apex later glabrous, concave; auricles narrowly oblong, glossy; ligule ca. 1.5 mm, serrulate or long fimbriate; blade deciduous, strongly reflexed, base 1/5–1/3 as wide as sheath apex, adaxially hispidulous. Leaf sheaths glabrous; auricles usually developed; oral setae straight; blade lanceolate, 10–16(–20) × 1–2(–3.5) cm. Pseudospikelets ca. 2 cm; gemmiferous bracts 1 or 2; florets 4 or 5. Glumes 1 or 2; lemma 9–12 mm; palea about as long as lemma. Styles 1–2 mm; stigmas 3 or 2. Caryopsis triangular, 8–9 mm.
* Lowland hilly areas; 100–500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Hunan, SE Yunnan.
The culms are used for weaving and papermaking. The species is also planted as an ornamental because of the dense, persistent, white wax on the culms.
粉单竹 Bambusa chungii

粉单竹 Bambusa chungii
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