中文名（Chinese Name）：榧树
学名（Scientific Name）：Torreya grandis Fort. ex Lindl.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：野杉、钝叶榧树
异名（Synonym）：Torreya nucifera var. grandis (Fortune ex Lindl.) Pilg.；Caryotaxus grandis (Fortune ex Lindl.) Henkel et W. Hochst.；Tumion grande (Fortune ex Lindl.) Greene；Torreya grandis var. merrillii Hu；Torreya grandis var. sargentii Hu；Torreya grandis f. major Hu；Torreya grandis f. non-apiculata Hu；Torreya grandis var. chingii Hu；Torreya grandis var. dielsii Hu 
科属（Family & Genus）：红豆杉科（Taxaceae）榧树属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高达25米，胸径55厘米；树皮浅黄灰色、深灰色或灰褐色, 不规则纵裂；一年生枝绿色，无毛，二、三年生枝黄绿色、淡褐黄色或暗绿黄色，稀淡褐色。叶条形，列成两列，通常直，长1.1-2.5厘米，宽2.5-3.5毫米，先端凸尖，上面光绿色，无隆起的中脉，下面淡绿色，气孔带常与中脉带等宽，绿色边带与气孔带等宽或稍宽。雄球花圆柱状，长约8毫米，基部的苞片有明显的背脊，雄蕊多数，各有4个花药，药隔先端宽圆有缺齿。种子椭圆形、卵圆形、倒卵圆形或长椭圆形，长2-4.5厘米，径1.5-2.5厘米，熟时假种皮淡紫褐色，有白粉，顶端微凸，基部具宿存的苞片，胚乳微皱；初生叶三角状鳞形。花期4月，种子翌年10月成熟。
分布（Distribution）：为我国特有树种，产于江苏南部、浙江、福建北部、江西北部、安徽南部，西至湖南西南部及贵州松桃等地，生于海拔1400米以下。
用途（Use）：边材白色，心材黄色，纹理直，结构细，硬度适中，有弹性，有香气，不反挠，不开裂，耐水湿，比重0.56。为建筑、造船、家具等的优良木材；种子为著名的干果—香榧，亦可榨食用油；其假种皮可提炼芳香油（香榧壳油）。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4
Torreya grandis Fortune ex Lindley, Gard. Chron. 1857: 788. 1857.
榧树 fei shu | Taxaceae  | Torreya
Trees to 25 m tall; trunk to 0.5(-2) m d.b.h.; bark light yellowish gray, dark gray, or grayish brown, with irregular vertical fissures. Leafy branchlets oblong-obovate in outline, 4-7 × 2.5-4 cm, axis green and glabrous in 1st year, thereafter yellowish green, light brownish yellow or pale brown. Leaves borne at (50-)60-90° to branchlet axis; petiole 0.5-1 mm; blade bright green and glossy adaxially, linear-lanceolate, usually straight, (0.7-)1.1-2.5(-4.5) cm × 2-3.5 mm, with no conspicuous grooves, midvein indistinct adaxially, (0.2-)0.5-0.7 mm wide abaxially, stomatal bands (0.2-)0.3-0.4 mm wide, marginal bands 0.5-0.7 mm wide, base obtuse or broadly rounded, ± symmetric, margin flat or very narrowly revolute, apex symmetrically or slightly asymmetrically tapered, cuspidate, cusp 0.3-1 mm. Pollen cones columnar, ca. 8 mm; bracts conspicuously ridged. Aril pale purplish brown and white powdery when ripe, apex obtuse-rounded or rounded and cuspidatae. Seed ellipsoid to ovoid, elongate-ellipsoid, obovoid, or obovoid-conical, 2-4.5 × 1.2-2.5 cm; female gametophyte tissue slightly wrinkled, not ruminate. Pollination Apr, seed maturity Sep-Nov of 2nd year.
* Mountains, open valleys, often by streams, on yellow, red, and dark soils; 200-1400 m. S Anhui, N Fujian, NE Guizhou, W Hunan, S Jiangsu, N Jiangxi, Zhejiang
The wood is used in constructing buildings, bridges, and furniture. The seed, known as "xiangfei," is edible and also yields an edible oil; the essential oil "torreya oil" is extracted from the aril.
Numerous variants have been recognized at the rank of variety, form, or cultivar (cf. S. Y. Hu, Taiwania 10: 23-25. 1964). Torreya grandis var. sargentii Hu appears very distinct, leaf blade: midvein very narrow, ca. 0.2 mm wide, with green belt on either side ca. 0.3 mm wide, stomatal bands very narrow, 0.2-0.25 mm wide; seed strongly obovoid, 40-45 × 18-20 mm); however, very few specimens have been seen, so the distinctions are probably not genuine; it is included here in the synonymy of var. grandis.

（责任编辑：徐晔春）