中文名（Chinese Name）：高山松
学名（Scientific Name）：Pinus densata Mast.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Pinus sinensis var. densata (Mast.) Shaw  Pinus tabuliformis var. densata (Mast.) Rehder  Pinus prominens Mast.
科属（Family & Genus）：松科Pinaceae松属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高达30米，胸径达1.3米；树干下部树皮暗灰褐色，深裂成厚块片，上部树皮红色，裂成薄片脱落；一年生枝粗壮，黄褐色，有光泽，无毛，二、三年生枝皮逐渐脱落，内皮红色；冬芽卵状圆锥形或圆柱形，先端尖，微被树脂，芽鳞栗褐色，披针形，先端彼此散开，边缘白色丝状。针叶2针一束，稀3针一束或2针3针并存，粗硬，长6-15厘米，径1.2-1.5毫米，微扭曲，两面有气孔线，边缘锯齿锐利；横切面半圆形或扇状三角形，二型皮下层，第一层细胞连续，第二层不连续排列，稀有第三层细胞，树脂道3-7（-10）个，边生，稀角部的树脂道中生；叶鞘初呈淡褐色，老则暗灰褐色或黑褐色。球果卵圆形，长5-6厘米，径约4厘米，有短梗，熟时栗褐色，常向下弯垂；中部种鳞卵状矩圆形，长约2.5厘米，宽1.3厘米，鳞盾肥厚隆起，微反曲或不反曲，横脊显著，由鳞脐四周辐射状的纵横纹亦较明显，鳞脐突起，多有明显的刺状尖头；种子淡灰褐色，椭圆状卵圆形，微扁，长4-6毫米，宽3-4毫米，种翅淡紫色，长约2厘米。花期5月，球果第二年10月成熟。
分布（Distribution）：为我国西部高山地区的特有树种，产于四川西部、青海南部、西藏东部及云南西北部高山地区。
用途（Use）：木材较坚韧，质较细，富树脂。可供建筑、板材等用。树干可割取树脂。可作四川西部、西藏东部高山地区的造林树种。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4 Page 16
Pinus densata Masters, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 416. 1906.
高山松 gao shan song | Pinaceae  | Pinus
Pinus prominens Masters; P. sinensis D. Don var. densata (Masters) Shaw; P. tabuliformis Carriere var. densata (Masters) Rehder; P. wilsonii Shaw (1911), not Roezl (1857).
Trees to 30 m tall; trunk to 1.3 m d.b.h.; bark reddish brown, scaly and plated when young, finally dark grayish brown, forming irregular, square, thick plates; crown ovoid-conical, broadly ovoid in old trees; branches spreading; 1st-year branchlets shiny yellowish brown, stout; 2nd- and 3rd-year branchlets reddish brown; winter buds dull brown, ovoid-conical, ca. 15 × 6 mm, slightly resinous, scales white fringed at margin, acuminate at apex. Needles persisting for 3 years, usually 2(or 3) per bundle, straight, slightly twisted, 8-14 cm × 1-1.5 mm, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, resin canals 3 or 4, marginal, occasionally 1 or 2 median, base with persistent sheath initially 5-10 mm, margin finely serrulate, apex acute. Pollen cones yellowish brown, cylindric, 10-18 × 3-4.5 mm. Seed cones solitary or in pairs, pendulous, sessile or very shortly pedunculate, shiny chocolate brown at maturity, narrowly ovoid before opening, ovoid or broadly ovoid when open, 4-6 × 4-7 cm, persistent. Seed scales with apophyses prominent, rhombic, 4-7 mm thick, sharply transversely keeled; umbo dorsal, with a short prickle. Seeds light grayish brown, ellipsoid-ovoid, 4-6 mm; wing 1.5-2 cm. Pollination May, seed maturity Oct of 2nd year.
* Open forests in high mountains, forming pure stands or (below 3000 m) mixed with Pinus armandii and P. yunnanensis; 2600-3500 (-4200) m. S Qinghai, W Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan
Morphologically intermediate between Pinus yunnanensis of lower elevations and P. tabuliformis of more northerly latitudes. Molecular evidence supports the hypothesis that P. densata originated as a Tertiary natural hybrid involving the former two species and a third, unknown species.
Can be used for afforestation in the alpine zones of W Sichuan and E Xizang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）