云南独蒜兰Pleione yunnanensis
中文名（Chinese Name）：云南独蒜兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Pleione chiwuana T. Tang et F. T. Wang Coelogyne yunnanensis Rolfe Pleione yunnanensis var. chiwuana (Tang & F.T.Wang) G.Kleinh. ex Torelli & Riccab.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）独蒜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生或附生草本。假鳞茎卵形、狭卵形或圆锥形，上端有明显的长颈，全长1.5-3厘米，直径1-2厘米，绿色，顶端具1枚叶。叶在花期极幼嫩或未长出，长成后披针形至狭椭圆形，纸质，长6.5-25厘米，宽1-3.5厘米，先端渐尖或近急尖，基部渐狭成柄；叶柄长1-6厘米。花葶从无叶的老假鳞茎基部发出，直立，长10-20厘米，基部有数枚膜质筒状鞘，顶端具1花，罕为2花；花苞片倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，草质或膜质，长2-3厘米，宽5-8毫米，明显短于花梗和子房，先端钝；花梗和子房长3-4.5厘米；花淡紫色、粉红色或有时近白色，唇瓣上具有紫色或深红色斑；中萼片长圆状倒披针形，长3.5-4厘米，宽6-8毫米，先端钝；侧萼片长圆状披针形或椭圆状披针形，稍斜歪，常近等长于并稍宽于中萼片，先端钝；花瓣倒披针形，展开，长3.5-4厘米，宽5-7毫米，先端钝，基部明显楔形；唇瓣近宽倒卵形，长3-4厘米，宽2.5-3厘米，明显或不明显3裂；侧裂片直立，多少围抱蕊柱；中裂片先端微缺，边缘具不规则缺刻或多少呈撕裂状；唇盘上通常具3-5条褶片自基部延伸至中裂片基部；褶片近全缘或略呈波状并有细微缺刻；蕊柱长1.8-2.3厘米，多少弧曲，两侧具翅；翅自中部以下甚狭，向上渐宽，在顶端围绕蕊柱，宽达5-6毫米，有不规则齿缺。蒴果纺锤状圆柱形，长2.5-3厘米，宽约1.2厘米。花期4-5月。果期9-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产四川西南部（越西、盐源、石棉、西昌、木里）、贵州西部至北部（凯里、印江、雷山、贵阳、梵净山、盘县、安龙、望谟、纳雍）、云南西北部至东南部（贡山、维西、丽江、大理、漾濞、永宁、蒙自、文山）和西藏东南部（察瓦龙）。生于林下和林缘多石地上或苔藓覆盖的岩石上，也见于草坡稍荫蔽的砾石地上，海拔1100-3500米。缅甸北部也有分布。模式标本采自云南。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 25
16. Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 11: 292. 1903.
云南独蒜兰 yun nan du suan lan| Orchidaceae | Pleione
Coelogyne yunnanensis Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 23. 1903; Pleione chiwuana Tang & F. T. Wang; P. yunnanensis var. chiwuana (Tang & F. T. Wang) G. Kleinhans ex Torelli & Riccaboni.
Herbs, terrestrial or lithophytic. Pseudobulb green, ovoid, narrowly ovoid, or conic, 1.5-3 × 1-2 cm in diam., 1-leaved. Leaf very immature or undeveloped at anthesis, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 6.5-25 × 1-3.5 cm, papery, base attenuate into a petiole-like stalk 1-6 cm, apex acuminate or subacute. Inflorescence erect; peduncle 10-20 cm, with several sheaths below middle; floral bracts obovate to obovate-oblong, 20-30 × 5-8 mm, shorter than ovary, apex obtuse. Flowers solitary or rarely 2, purplish, pink, or sometimes white, with purple or deep red spots on lip; pedicel and ovary 30-45 mm, usually deep red. Dorsal sepal oblong-oblanceolate, 35-40 × 6-8 mm, apex obtuse; lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, slightly oblique, 35-40 × 6-10 mm, usually slightly wider than dorsal sepal, apex obtuse. Petals oblanceolate, 35-40 × 5-7 mm, base cuneate, apex obtuse; lip broadly obovate, 30-40 × 25-30 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect and loosely embracing column, broad, apex rounded; mid-lobe subquadrate, apical margin irregularly erose-lacerate, apex emarginate; disk with 3-5 entire or slightly erose lamellae extending from base of lip to base of mid-lobe. Column ± arcuate, 18-23 mm; column wings very narrow below middle, dilated above, apex 5-6 mm tall and irregularly dentate at apex. Capsule fusiform-cylindric, 25-30 × ca. 12 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 40, 120.
On mossy rocks in forests and at forest margins, shaded and rocky places on grassy slopes and under ericaceous shrubs; 1100-3500 m. N and W Guizhou, SW Sichuan, SE Xizang, NW and SE Yunnan [N Myanmar].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Pleione chiwuana T. Tang et F. T. Wang Coelogyne yunnanensis Rolfe Pleione yunnanensis var. chiwuana (Tang & F.T.Wang) G.Kleinh. ex Torelli & Riccab.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）独蒜兰属
形态特征（Description）：地生或附生草本。假鳞茎卵形、狭卵形或圆锥形，上端有明显的长颈，全长1.5-3厘米，直径1-2厘米，绿色，顶端具1枚叶。叶在花期极幼嫩或未长出，长成后披针形至狭椭圆形，纸质，长6.5-25厘米，宽1-3.5厘米，先端渐尖或近急尖，基部渐狭成柄；叶柄长1-6厘米。花葶从无叶的老假鳞茎基部发出，直立，长10-20厘米，基部有数枚膜质筒状鞘，顶端具1花，罕为2花；花苞片倒卵形或倒卵状长圆形，草质或膜质，长2-3厘米，宽5-8毫米，明显短于花梗和子房，先端钝；花梗和子房长3-4.5厘米；花淡紫色、粉红色或有时近白色，唇瓣上具有紫色或深红色斑；中萼片长圆状倒披针形，长3.5-4厘米，宽6-8毫米，先端钝；侧萼片长圆状披针形或椭圆状披针形，稍斜歪，常近等长于并稍宽于中萼片，先端钝；花瓣倒披针形，展开，长3.5-4厘米，宽5-7毫米，先端钝，基部明显楔形；唇瓣近宽倒卵形，长3-4厘米，宽2.5-3厘米，明显或不明显3裂；侧裂片直立，多少围抱蕊柱；中裂片先端微缺，边缘具不规则缺刻或多少呈撕裂状；唇盘上通常具3-5条褶片自基部延伸至中裂片基部；褶片近全缘或略呈波状并有细微缺刻；蕊柱长1.8-2.3厘米，多少弧曲，两侧具翅；翅自中部以下甚狭，向上渐宽，在顶端围绕蕊柱，宽达5-6毫米，有不规则齿缺。蒴果纺锤状圆柱形，长2.5-3厘米，宽约1.2厘米。花期4-5月。果期9-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产四川西南部（越西、盐源、石棉、西昌、木里）、贵州西部至北部（凯里、印江、雷山、贵阳、梵净山、盘县、安龙、望谟、纳雍）、云南西北部至东南部（贡山、维西、丽江、大理、漾濞、永宁、蒙自、文山）和西藏东南部（察瓦龙）。生于林下和林缘多石地上或苔藓覆盖的岩石上，也见于草坡稍荫蔽的砾石地上，海拔1100-3500米。缅甸北部也有分布。模式标本采自云南。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 25
16. Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 11: 292. 1903.
云南独蒜兰 yun nan du suan lan| Orchidaceae | Pleione
Coelogyne yunnanensis Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 23. 1903; Pleione chiwuana Tang & F. T. Wang; P. yunnanensis var. chiwuana (Tang & F. T. Wang) G. Kleinhans ex Torelli & Riccaboni.
Herbs, terrestrial or lithophytic. Pseudobulb green, ovoid, narrowly ovoid, or conic, 1.5-3 × 1-2 cm in diam., 1-leaved. Leaf very immature or undeveloped at anthesis, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 6.5-25 × 1-3.5 cm, papery, base attenuate into a petiole-like stalk 1-6 cm, apex acuminate or subacute. Inflorescence erect; peduncle 10-20 cm, with several sheaths below middle; floral bracts obovate to obovate-oblong, 20-30 × 5-8 mm, shorter than ovary, apex obtuse. Flowers solitary or rarely 2, purplish, pink, or sometimes white, with purple or deep red spots on lip; pedicel and ovary 30-45 mm, usually deep red. Dorsal sepal oblong-oblanceolate, 35-40 × 6-8 mm, apex obtuse; lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, slightly oblique, 35-40 × 6-10 mm, usually slightly wider than dorsal sepal, apex obtuse. Petals oblanceolate, 35-40 × 5-7 mm, base cuneate, apex obtuse; lip broadly obovate, 30-40 × 25-30 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect and loosely embracing column, broad, apex rounded; mid-lobe subquadrate, apical margin irregularly erose-lacerate, apex emarginate; disk with 3-5 entire or slightly erose lamellae extending from base of lip to base of mid-lobe. Column ± arcuate, 18-23 mm; column wings very narrow below middle, dilated above, apex 5-6 mm tall and irregularly dentate at apex. Capsule fusiform-cylindric, 25-30 × ca. 12 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 40, 120.
On mossy rocks in forests and at forest margins, shaded and rocky places on grassy slopes and under ericaceous shrubs; 1100-3500 m. N and W Guizhou, SW Sichuan, SE Xizang, NW and SE Yunnan [N Myanmar].
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