地宝兰 Geodorum densiflorum
中文名（Chinese Name）：地宝兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Cistella cernua (Willd.) Blume Geodorum esquirolei Schltr. Geodorum formosanum Rolfe Geodorum purpureum R. Br. Geodorum nutans (Presley) Ames Malaxis cernua Willd. Ortmannia cernua (Willd.) Opiz Limodorum densiflorum Lam. Otandra cernua (Willd.) Salisb. Tropidia grandis Hance Geodorum semicristatum Lindl. Arethusa glutinosa Blanco Cymbidium pictum R.Br. Dendrobium haenkeanum Steud. Geodorum fucatum Lindl. Geodorum neocaledonicum Kraenzl. Geodorum pacificum Rolfe Geodorum rariflorum Lindl. Geodorum tricarinatum Schltr.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）地宝兰属
形态特征（Description）：假鳞茎块茎状，常为不规则的椭圆状或三角状卵形，多个连接，位于地下，直径1.5-2厘米，有节，干后皱缩，常有残存的叶鞘纤维。叶2-3枚，在花期已长成，椭圆形、狭椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长16-29厘米，宽（2-）3-7厘米，先端渐尖，基部收狭成柄；叶柄常套叠成假茎，有关节，外有数枚鞘。花葶从植株基部鞘中发出，与叶等长或长于叶，长（10-）30-40厘米，中下部有3-5枚鞘；鞘膜质，圆筒状，长4-6.5厘米；总状花序俯垂，长2.5-3厘米，具2-5朵花；花苞片线状披针形，长5-9毫米；花梗和子房长7-8毫米；花白色；萼片长圆形，长约1厘米，宽3-4毫米；侧萼片略斜歪；花瓣近倒卵状长圆形，与萼片近等长，宽约5毫米；唇瓣宽卵状长圆形，长约1厘米，基部宽约9毫米，先端近截形并略有裂缺；唇盘上或在中央有不规则的乳突区或有1-2条肥厚的纵脊，变化很大，基部凹陷成浅囊状；蕊柱长约3毫米（不连花药），有短的蕊柱足。花期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾、广东、海南、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔1500米以下林下、溪旁、草坡。东南亚及日本琉球群岛也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 258, 259
Geodorum densiflorum (Lamarck) Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 259. 1919.
地宝兰 di bao lan| Orchidaceae | Geodorum
Limodorum densiflorum Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 516. 1792; Cistella cernua (Willdenow) Blume; Cymbidium pictum R. Brown; Dendrobium nutans C. Presl; Geodorum formosanum Rolfe; G. fucatum Lindley; G. nutans (C. Presl) Ames; G. pacificum Rolfe; G. pictum (R. Brown) Lindley; G. purpureum R. Brown; G. semicristatum Lindley; Malaxis cernua Willdenow; Ortmannia cernua (Willdenow) Opiz; Otandra cernua (Willdenow) Salisbury; Tropidia grandis Hance.
Plants 30-50 cm tall. Pseudobulbs tuberous, irregularly ellipsoid to triangular-ovoid, borne on a very short rhizome and forming dense clusters, 1.5-2 cm in diam., few noded, usually partially covered in fibrous sheaths. Leaves 2 or 3, well developed at anthesis, lustrous, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 15-35 × (2-)3-9 cm, papery, apex acuminate or acute; petiole-like stalk enclosed in several sheaths and forming a pseudostem to ca. 25 cm. Inflorescence (10-)30-40 cm, usually as tall as or taller than leaves; peduncle with 3-5 widely spaced sheaths; sheaths tubular, 4-6.5 cm, membranous; rachis pendulous, 2.5-6 cm, densely (2-)5-15-flowered; floral bracts linear-lanceolate, 5-9 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers not opening widely, white to pinkish, lip with a central yellow callus and crimson-purple venation and streaks; pedicel and ovary 7-8 mm. Sepals oblong, 10-12 × 3-4 mm, apex acute; lateral sepals somewhat oblique. Petals subobovate-oblong, 10-12 × 4-5 mm, apex acute or mucronate; lip broadly ovate-oblong, 10-11 × 9-10 mm, shallowly saccate at base, unlobed, lateral margins erect, apex subtruncate and slightly emarginate or retuse; disk with a central callus composed of a cluster of irregular, fleshy wartlike projections or a pair of short, fleshy longitudinal ridges. Column 3-5 mm, with a short column foot. Capsule oblong, 3.5-5 × ca. 1.5 cm. Fl. Jun-Jul. 2n = 36, 52, 54.
Forests, streamsides, grassy slopes; 300-2400 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, SW Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
The recent use of the name Geodorum terrestre (Linnaeus) Garay for this species (see Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 291: 47. 1997) cannot be justified. The specimen referred to by Garay as the type is G. citrinum Jackson, rather than G. densiflorum (P. Ormerod, pers. comm.).
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学名（Scientific Name）：Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Cistella cernua (Willd.) Blume Geodorum esquirolei Schltr. Geodorum formosanum Rolfe Geodorum purpureum R. Br. Geodorum nutans (Presley) Ames Malaxis cernua Willd. Ortmannia cernua (Willd.) Opiz Limodorum densiflorum Lam. Otandra cernua (Willd.) Salisb. Tropidia grandis Hance Geodorum semicristatum Lindl. Arethusa glutinosa Blanco Cymbidium pictum R.Br. Dendrobium haenkeanum Steud. Geodorum fucatum Lindl. Geodorum neocaledonicum Kraenzl. Geodorum pacificum Rolfe Geodorum rariflorum Lindl. Geodorum tricarinatum Schltr.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）地宝兰属
形态特征（Description）：假鳞茎块茎状，常为不规则的椭圆状或三角状卵形，多个连接，位于地下，直径1.5-2厘米，有节，干后皱缩，常有残存的叶鞘纤维。叶2-3枚，在花期已长成，椭圆形、狭椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长16-29厘米，宽（2-）3-7厘米，先端渐尖，基部收狭成柄；叶柄常套叠成假茎，有关节，外有数枚鞘。花葶从植株基部鞘中发出，与叶等长或长于叶，长（10-）30-40厘米，中下部有3-5枚鞘；鞘膜质，圆筒状，长4-6.5厘米；总状花序俯垂，长2.5-3厘米，具2-5朵花；花苞片线状披针形，长5-9毫米；花梗和子房长7-8毫米；花白色；萼片长圆形，长约1厘米，宽3-4毫米；侧萼片略斜歪；花瓣近倒卵状长圆形，与萼片近等长，宽约5毫米；唇瓣宽卵状长圆形，长约1厘米，基部宽约9毫米，先端近截形并略有裂缺；唇盘上或在中央有不规则的乳突区或有1-2条肥厚的纵脊，变化很大，基部凹陷成浅囊状；蕊柱长约3毫米（不连花药），有短的蕊柱足。花期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产台湾、广东、海南、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔1500米以下林下、溪旁、草坡。东南亚及日本琉球群岛也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 258, 259
Geodorum densiflorum (Lamarck) Schlechter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 259. 1919.
地宝兰 di bao lan| Orchidaceae | Geodorum
Limodorum densiflorum Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 516. 1792; Cistella cernua (Willdenow) Blume; Cymbidium pictum R. Brown; Dendrobium nutans C. Presl; Geodorum formosanum Rolfe; G. fucatum Lindley; G. nutans (C. Presl) Ames; G. pacificum Rolfe; G. pictum (R. Brown) Lindley; G. purpureum R. Brown; G. semicristatum Lindley; Malaxis cernua Willdenow; Ortmannia cernua (Willdenow) Opiz; Otandra cernua (Willdenow) Salisbury; Tropidia grandis Hance.
Plants 30-50 cm tall. Pseudobulbs tuberous, irregularly ellipsoid to triangular-ovoid, borne on a very short rhizome and forming dense clusters, 1.5-2 cm in diam., few noded, usually partially covered in fibrous sheaths. Leaves 2 or 3, well developed at anthesis, lustrous, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 15-35 × (2-)3-9 cm, papery, apex acuminate or acute; petiole-like stalk enclosed in several sheaths and forming a pseudostem to ca. 25 cm. Inflorescence (10-)30-40 cm, usually as tall as or taller than leaves; peduncle with 3-5 widely spaced sheaths; sheaths tubular, 4-6.5 cm, membranous; rachis pendulous, 2.5-6 cm, densely (2-)5-15-flowered; floral bracts linear-lanceolate, 5-9 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers not opening widely, white to pinkish, lip with a central yellow callus and crimson-purple venation and streaks; pedicel and ovary 7-8 mm. Sepals oblong, 10-12 × 3-4 mm, apex acute; lateral sepals somewhat oblique. Petals subobovate-oblong, 10-12 × 4-5 mm, apex acute or mucronate; lip broadly ovate-oblong, 10-11 × 9-10 mm, shallowly saccate at base, unlobed, lateral margins erect, apex subtruncate and slightly emarginate or retuse; disk with a central callus composed of a cluster of irregular, fleshy wartlike projections or a pair of short, fleshy longitudinal ridges. Column 3-5 mm, with a short column foot. Capsule oblong, 3.5-5 × ca. 1.5 cm. Fl. Jun-Jul. 2n = 36, 52, 54.
Forests, streamsides, grassy slopes; 300-2400 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, SW Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
The recent use of the name Geodorum terrestre (Linnaeus) Garay for this species (see Garay, Harvard Pap. Bot. 291: 47. 1997) cannot be justified. The specimen referred to by Garay as the type is G. citrinum Jackson, rather than G. densiflorum (P. Ormerod, pers. comm.).
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