无茎盆距兰Gastrochilus obliquus

文名(Chinese Name):无茎盆距兰
学名(Scientific Name):Gastrochilus obliquus (Lindl.) O. Kuntze
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Gastrochilus dasypogon (J. E. Sm.) Kuntze :Z. H. Tsi  Vanda obliqua Wall. ex Hook.f. 
科属(Family & Genus):兰科Orchidaceae盆距兰属Gastrochilus
形态特征(Description):茎粗短,长1-2厘米,具3-5枚叶。叶二列,稍肉质或革质,长圆形至长圆状披针形,长8-20厘米,宽1.7-6厘米,先端钝并且不等侧2裂。花序近伞形,1-4个,出自茎的基部侧旁,常具5-8朵花;花序柄粗壮,劲直,长1-2厘米,具2枚杯状鞘;花苞片宽卵形,长约3毫米,先端钝;花梗和子房长1-1.5厘米;花芳香,萼片和花瓣黄色带紫红色斑点;萼片几等大,近椭圆形,长6-12毫米,宽3.5-6毫米,先端钝,基部收狭;花瓣匙形,比萼片小,先端钝;前唇白色,近三角形,长约5毫米,宽8-10毫米,先端钝而其背面具1个乳头状突起,边缘撕裂状或啮蚀状,上面光滑无毛,而中央具1个增厚的垫状物;后唇兜状,两侧压扁,末端外侧黄色带紫红色斑点,具3条脊,上端具紫红色而几乎平截的口缘;口缘与前唇几乎在同一水平面上或在前端高高抬起与前唇上面的垫状物连接。花期通常10月。
分布(Distribution):产四川西南部(木里)、云南南部(勐腊、景洪)。生于海拔800-1400米的山地林缘树干上。分布于尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、印度东北部、缅甸、老挝、越南、泰国。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 25 Page 492, 494
Gastrochilus obliquus (Lindley) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 661. 1891.
无茎盆距兰 wu jing pen ju lan| Orchidaceae  | Gastrochilus
Saccolabium obliquum Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 223. 1833.
Stems 1-2 cm, stout, with 3-5 leaves. Leaves nearly basal, distichous; blade oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 8-20 × 1.7-6 cm, slightly fleshy or leathery, apex obtuse and unequally 2-lobed. Inflorescences 1-4, from base of stem, subumbellate, often 5-8-flowered; peduncle straight, 1-2 cm, stout, with 2 cupular sheaths; floral bracts broadly ovate, ca. 3 mm; pedicel and ovary 1-1.5 cm. Flowers fragrant, with yellow sepals and petals and white lip, all with brownish purplish spots. Sepals similar, subelliptic, 6-12 × 3.5-6 mm, base contracted, apex obtuse. Petals spatulate, smaller than sepals, apex obtuse; lip with an epichile and a saccate hypochile; epichile subtriangular, ca. 5 × 8-10 mm, adaxially glabrous, with a central cushion, margin lacerate or erose, apex obtuse and with a small wart abaxially; hypochile with yellow tip, with purplish red spots, nearly subglobose-cucullate, laterally compressed, 5-6 mm tall, 6-7 mm in diam., outside with 3 ridges. Column short. Fl. Oct.
On tree trunks at forest margins; 500-1400 m. SW Sichuan, S Yunnan [Bhutan, India (Andaman Islands, Sikkim), Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
Chinese collections all belong to Gastrochilus obliquus var. obliquus; G. obliquus var. suavis (Seidenfaden) Z. H. Tsi, from NE India, differs from var. obliquus in having sepals and petals with dense bright red dots.
无茎盆距兰Gastrochilus obliquus

无茎盆距兰Gastrochilus obliquus(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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