钩距虾脊兰Calanthe graciliflora
中文名（Chinese Name）：钩距虾脊兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Calanthe graciliflora Hayata
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：纤花根节兰，细花根节兰
异名（Synonym）：Calanthe hamata Hand.-Mazz. Calanthe striata (Sw.) R. Br. :S. Y. Hu
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）虾脊兰属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎不明显。假鳞茎短，近卵球形，粗约2厘米，具3-4枚鞘和3-4枚叶。假茎长5-18厘米，粗约1.5厘米。叶在花期尚未完全展开，椭圆形或椭圆状披针形，长达33厘米，宽5.5-10厘米，先端急尖或锐尖，基部收狭为长达10厘米的柄，两面无毛。花葶出自假茎上端的叶丛间，长达70厘米，高出叶层之外，密被短毛；花序柄常具1枚鳞片状的鞘；鞘宽卵形，长约6毫米，先端渐尖，无毛；总状花序长达32厘米，疏生多数花，无毛；花梗白色，连同绿色的子房长15-20毫米，弧形弯曲，密被短毛；花张开；萼片和花瓣在背面褐色，内面淡黄色；中萼片近椭圆形，长10-15毫米，宽5-6毫米，先端锐尖，基部收狭，具（3-）4-5条脉，无毛或背面疏被短毛；侧萼片近似于中萼片，但稍狭；花瓣倒卵状披针形，长9-13毫米，宽3-4毫米，先端锐尖，基部具短爪，具3-4条脉，无毛；唇瓣浅白色，3裂；侧裂片稍斜的卵状楔形，长约4毫米，基部约1/3与蕊柱翅的外侧边缘合生，先端圆钝或斜截形；中裂片近方形或倒卵形，长约4毫米，宽3毫米，先端扩大，近截形并微凹，在凹处具短尖；唇盘上具4个褐色斑点和3条平行的龙骨状脊；龙骨状脊肉质，终止于中裂片的中部，其末端呈三角形隆起；距圆筒形，长10-13毫米，常钩曲，末端变狭，外面疏被短毛，内面密被短毛；蕊柱长约4毫米，无毛；蕊柱翅下延到唇瓣基部并与唇盘两侧的龙骨状脊相连接；蕊喙2裂，裂片三角形，长约1毫米，先端尖牙齿状，药帽在前端骤然收狭而呈喙状；花粉团棒状，等大，长约2毫米，具明显的花粉团柄；粘盘近长圆形，长约1毫米。花期3-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产安徽、浙江、江西、台湾、湖北、湖南（桑植、新宁、龙山）、广东、香港、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔600-1500米的山谷溪边、林下等阴湿处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 294, 307
Calanthe graciliflora Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo. 30(1): 329. 1911.
钩距虾脊兰 gou ju xia ji lan | Orchidaceae | Calanthe
Plants to 70 cm tall. Rhizome inconspicuous. Pseudobulbs subovoid, short, ca. 2 cm in diam., with 3 or 4 sheaths. Leaves 3 or 4, well developed and spreading completely at anthesis, not deciduous; blade elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, ca. 33 × 5.5-10 cm, apex acute; petiole-like base ca. 10 cm, usually forming a pseudostem 5-18 cm long and ca. 1.5 cm in diam. Scape arising from leaf axil, to 70 cm, densely puberulent; rachis to 32 cm, laxly many flowered; floral bracts persistent, lanceolate, 7-10 mm, glabrous. Flowers yellowish brown, with white lip; pedicel and ovary 15-20 mm, densely puberulent. Sepals reflexed, similar, subelliptic, 12-13 × 5-6 mm, glabrous, (3 or)4- or 5-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals slightly narrower than dorsal sepal. Petals obovate-lanceolate, 9-13 × 3-4 mm, glabrous, 3- or 4-veined, base shortly clawed, apex acute; lip adnate to entire length of column wings, ca. 10 × 10 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes obovate-cuneate, slightly oblique, ca. 4 mm, apex obtuse-rounded or obliquely truncate; mid-lobe subsquare, obovate, or transversely oblong, ca. 4 × 3 mm, apex dilated, emarginate and mucronate in sinus; disk with 4 brown spots and 3 parallel ridges; ridges fleshy, extending to middle of mid-lobe, triangular, becoming taller toward their apices; spur curved or straight, cylindric, 10-18 mm, outside sparsely puberulent, inside densely puberulent, apex attenuate. Column ca. 4 mm, glabrous, wings decurrent to lip and connecting to ridges on disk; rostellum 2-lobed, lobes ca. 1 mm; anther cap beaked; pollinia clavate, equal in size, ca. 2 mm, with conspicuous caudicles; viscidium suboblong, ca. 1 mm. 2n = 40*.
● Shaded and damp places in forests, streamsides, along valleys; 600-2400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, SW Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Yunnan, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Calanthe graciliflora Hayata
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：纤花根节兰，细花根节兰
异名（Synonym）：Calanthe hamata Hand.-Mazz. Calanthe striata (Sw.) R. Br. :S. Y. Hu
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）虾脊兰属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎不明显。假鳞茎短，近卵球形，粗约2厘米，具3-4枚鞘和3-4枚叶。假茎长5-18厘米，粗约1.5厘米。叶在花期尚未完全展开，椭圆形或椭圆状披针形，长达33厘米，宽5.5-10厘米，先端急尖或锐尖，基部收狭为长达10厘米的柄，两面无毛。花葶出自假茎上端的叶丛间，长达70厘米，高出叶层之外，密被短毛；花序柄常具1枚鳞片状的鞘；鞘宽卵形，长约6毫米，先端渐尖，无毛；总状花序长达32厘米，疏生多数花，无毛；花梗白色，连同绿色的子房长15-20毫米，弧形弯曲，密被短毛；花张开；萼片和花瓣在背面褐色，内面淡黄色；中萼片近椭圆形，长10-15毫米，宽5-6毫米，先端锐尖，基部收狭，具（3-）4-5条脉，无毛或背面疏被短毛；侧萼片近似于中萼片，但稍狭；花瓣倒卵状披针形，长9-13毫米，宽3-4毫米，先端锐尖，基部具短爪，具3-4条脉，无毛；唇瓣浅白色，3裂；侧裂片稍斜的卵状楔形，长约4毫米，基部约1/3与蕊柱翅的外侧边缘合生，先端圆钝或斜截形；中裂片近方形或倒卵形，长约4毫米，宽3毫米，先端扩大，近截形并微凹，在凹处具短尖；唇盘上具4个褐色斑点和3条平行的龙骨状脊；龙骨状脊肉质，终止于中裂片的中部，其末端呈三角形隆起；距圆筒形，长10-13毫米，常钩曲，末端变狭，外面疏被短毛，内面密被短毛；蕊柱长约4毫米，无毛；蕊柱翅下延到唇瓣基部并与唇盘两侧的龙骨状脊相连接；蕊喙2裂，裂片三角形，长约1毫米，先端尖牙齿状，药帽在前端骤然收狭而呈喙状；花粉团棒状，等大，长约2毫米，具明显的花粉团柄；粘盘近长圆形，长约1毫米。花期3-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产安徽、浙江、江西、台湾、湖北、湖南（桑植、新宁、龙山）、广东、香港、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔600-1500米的山谷溪边、林下等阴湿处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 294, 307
Calanthe graciliflora Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo. 30(1): 329. 1911.
钩距虾脊兰 gou ju xia ji lan | Orchidaceae | Calanthe
Plants to 70 cm tall. Rhizome inconspicuous. Pseudobulbs subovoid, short, ca. 2 cm in diam., with 3 or 4 sheaths. Leaves 3 or 4, well developed and spreading completely at anthesis, not deciduous; blade elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, ca. 33 × 5.5-10 cm, apex acute; petiole-like base ca. 10 cm, usually forming a pseudostem 5-18 cm long and ca. 1.5 cm in diam. Scape arising from leaf axil, to 70 cm, densely puberulent; rachis to 32 cm, laxly many flowered; floral bracts persistent, lanceolate, 7-10 mm, glabrous. Flowers yellowish brown, with white lip; pedicel and ovary 15-20 mm, densely puberulent. Sepals reflexed, similar, subelliptic, 12-13 × 5-6 mm, glabrous, (3 or)4- or 5-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals slightly narrower than dorsal sepal. Petals obovate-lanceolate, 9-13 × 3-4 mm, glabrous, 3- or 4-veined, base shortly clawed, apex acute; lip adnate to entire length of column wings, ca. 10 × 10 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes obovate-cuneate, slightly oblique, ca. 4 mm, apex obtuse-rounded or obliquely truncate; mid-lobe subsquare, obovate, or transversely oblong, ca. 4 × 3 mm, apex dilated, emarginate and mucronate in sinus; disk with 4 brown spots and 3 parallel ridges; ridges fleshy, extending to middle of mid-lobe, triangular, becoming taller toward their apices; spur curved or straight, cylindric, 10-18 mm, outside sparsely puberulent, inside densely puberulent, apex attenuate. Column ca. 4 mm, glabrous, wings decurrent to lip and connecting to ridges on disk; rostellum 2-lobed, lobes ca. 1 mm; anther cap beaked; pollinia clavate, equal in size, ca. 2 mm, with conspicuous caudicles; viscidium suboblong, ca. 1 mm. 2n = 40*.
● Shaded and damp places in forests, streamsides, along valleys; 600-2400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, SW Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Yunnan, Zhejiang.
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