密花石豆兰Bulbophyllum odoratissimum
中文名（Chinese Name）：密花石豆兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. ex Hook.f.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Bulbophyllum congestrum Rolfe Stelis odoratissima J. E. Sm. Bulbophyllum hyacinthiodorum W. W. Sm. Cirrhopetalum trichocephalum Schltr. Tribrachia odoratissima (Sm.) Lindl. Phyllorkis odoratissima (Sm.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石豆兰属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎粗2-4毫米，分枝，被筒状膜质鞘，在每相距4-8厘米处生1个假鳞茎。根成束，分枝，出自生有假鳞茎的节上。假鳞茎近圆柱形，直立，长2.5-5厘米，中部通常粗3-6毫米，有时达9毫米，顶生1枚叶，幼时在基部被3-4枚鞘。叶革质，长圆形，长4-13.5厘米，宽0.8-2.6厘米，先端钝并且稍凹入，基部收窄，近无柄。花葶淡黄绿色，从假鳞茎基部发出，1-2个，直立，比叶长或短，最长达14厘米；总状花序缩短呈伞状，常点垂，密生10余朵花；花序柄粗1-3毫米，被3-4枚膜质鞘；鞘宽筒状，宽松地抱于花序柄，长8-10毫米，从基部向先端扩大；鞘口斜截形，稍张开，淡白色；花苞片膜质，卵状披针形，凹的，比花梗连同子房长，长7-10毫米，先端渐尖，具3条脉，淡白色；花稍有香气，初时萼片和花瓣白色，以后萼片和花瓣的中部以上转变为橘黄色；萼片离生，质地较厚，披针形，从基部上方向先端骤然收窄，其两侧边缘内卷呈窄筒状或钻状，先端钝或稍尖；中萼片凹的，卵形或卵状披针形，长3-7毫米，基部宽1.5毫米，具3条脉；侧萼片比中萼片长，长4-14毫米，基部宽约2毫米，常具3条脉；花瓣质地较薄，白色，近卵形或椭圆形，长1-2毫米，中部宽1-1.5毫米，先端稍钝，具1条脉，有时3条，但仅中肋到达先端；唇瓣橘红色，肉质，舌形，稍向外下弯，基部具短爪并且与蕊柱足末端连接，先端钝，边缘具细乳突或白色腺毛，上面具2条密生细乳突的龙骨脊；蕊柱粗短，长约1毫米；蕊柱齿短钝，呈三角形或牙齿状，与药帽近等高，长约0.2毫米，先端稍锐尖；蕊柱足橘红色，长约1毫米，其分离部分长约0.5毫米；药帽近半球形或心形，前端稍收窄，先端下弯，上面被细乳突。花期4-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、广东、香港、广西、四川、云南、西藏。生于海拔200～2300米的混交林中树干上或山谷岩石上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 411, 414
Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Smith) Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 55. 1830.
密花石豆兰 mi hua shi dou lan | Orchidaceae | Bulbophyllum
Stelis odoratissima Smith in Rees, Cycl. 34: Stelis no. 12. 1814; Bulbophyllum congestum Rolfe; B. hyacinthiodorum W. W. Smith; B. trichocephalum (Schlechter) Tang & F. T. Wang; B. trichocephalum var. wallongense Agrawala, Sabapathy & H. J. Chowdhery; Cirrhopetalum trichocephalum Schlechter.
Rhizome creeping or straggling, 2-4 mm in diam., branched, covered with membranous tubular sheaths, rooting from base of pseudobulbs, roots spreading. Pseudobulbs 4-8 cm apart from each other, subcylindric, 2.5-5 cm, 3-6(-9) mm in diam., with a terminal leaf. Leaf subsessile; blade oblong, 4-13.5 × 0.8-2.6 cm, leathery, apex obtuse and slightly emarginate. Scapes 1 or 2, yellowish green, from base of pseudobulb, erect, to 14 cm; raceme often nodding, shortened, umbel-like, densely more than 10-flowered; peduncle 1-3 mm in diam., with 3 or 4 tubular sheaths 8-10 mm; floral bracts whitish, ovate-lanceolate, 7-10 mm, membranous, apex acuminate. Pedicel and ovary shorter than floral bracts. Flowers slightly fragrant; sepals and petals white, later turning into orange in apical half; lip tangerine. Sepals free, thickly textured; dorsal sepal ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-7 × ca. 1.5 mm; lateral sepals lanceolate, 4-14 × ca. 2 mm, margins incurved from middle to apex and tubular or subulate in shape, apex obtuse or subacute. Petals subovate or elliptic, 1-2 × 1-1.5 mm, thinly textured, apex subobtuse; lip slightly recurved, ligulate, fleshy, margins with white glandular hairs, adaxially with 2 densely minutely glandular-hairy ridges, base with a short claw attached to end of column foot, apex obtuse. Column ca. 1 mm, stout; stelidia ca. 0.2 mm; foot ca. 1 mm, with free part ca. 0.5 mm; anther cap nearly subglobose or cordate, finely papillate. Fl. Apr-Aug. 2n = 38.
Tree trunks in mixed forests, rocks along valleys; 200-2400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Sichuan, SE Xizang, W to SE Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. ex Hook.f.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Bulbophyllum congestrum Rolfe Stelis odoratissima J. E. Sm. Bulbophyllum hyacinthiodorum W. W. Sm. Cirrhopetalum trichocephalum Schltr. Tribrachia odoratissima (Sm.) Lindl. Phyllorkis odoratissima (Sm.) Kuntze
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石豆兰属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎粗2-4毫米，分枝，被筒状膜质鞘，在每相距4-8厘米处生1个假鳞茎。根成束，分枝，出自生有假鳞茎的节上。假鳞茎近圆柱形，直立，长2.5-5厘米，中部通常粗3-6毫米，有时达9毫米，顶生1枚叶，幼时在基部被3-4枚鞘。叶革质，长圆形，长4-13.5厘米，宽0.8-2.6厘米，先端钝并且稍凹入，基部收窄，近无柄。花葶淡黄绿色，从假鳞茎基部发出，1-2个，直立，比叶长或短，最长达14厘米；总状花序缩短呈伞状，常点垂，密生10余朵花；花序柄粗1-3毫米，被3-4枚膜质鞘；鞘宽筒状，宽松地抱于花序柄，长8-10毫米，从基部向先端扩大；鞘口斜截形，稍张开，淡白色；花苞片膜质，卵状披针形，凹的，比花梗连同子房长，长7-10毫米，先端渐尖，具3条脉，淡白色；花稍有香气，初时萼片和花瓣白色，以后萼片和花瓣的中部以上转变为橘黄色；萼片离生，质地较厚，披针形，从基部上方向先端骤然收窄，其两侧边缘内卷呈窄筒状或钻状，先端钝或稍尖；中萼片凹的，卵形或卵状披针形，长3-7毫米，基部宽1.5毫米，具3条脉；侧萼片比中萼片长，长4-14毫米，基部宽约2毫米，常具3条脉；花瓣质地较薄，白色，近卵形或椭圆形，长1-2毫米，中部宽1-1.5毫米，先端稍钝，具1条脉，有时3条，但仅中肋到达先端；唇瓣橘红色，肉质，舌形，稍向外下弯，基部具短爪并且与蕊柱足末端连接，先端钝，边缘具细乳突或白色腺毛，上面具2条密生细乳突的龙骨脊；蕊柱粗短，长约1毫米；蕊柱齿短钝，呈三角形或牙齿状，与药帽近等高，长约0.2毫米，先端稍锐尖；蕊柱足橘红色，长约1毫米，其分离部分长约0.5毫米；药帽近半球形或心形，前端稍收窄，先端下弯，上面被细乳突。花期4-8月。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、广东、香港、广西、四川、云南、西藏。生于海拔200～2300米的混交林中树干上或山谷岩石上。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 411, 414
Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Smith) Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 55. 1830.
密花石豆兰 mi hua shi dou lan | Orchidaceae | Bulbophyllum
Stelis odoratissima Smith in Rees, Cycl. 34: Stelis no. 12. 1814; Bulbophyllum congestum Rolfe; B. hyacinthiodorum W. W. Smith; B. trichocephalum (Schlechter) Tang & F. T. Wang; B. trichocephalum var. wallongense Agrawala, Sabapathy & H. J. Chowdhery; Cirrhopetalum trichocephalum Schlechter.
Rhizome creeping or straggling, 2-4 mm in diam., branched, covered with membranous tubular sheaths, rooting from base of pseudobulbs, roots spreading. Pseudobulbs 4-8 cm apart from each other, subcylindric, 2.5-5 cm, 3-6(-9) mm in diam., with a terminal leaf. Leaf subsessile; blade oblong, 4-13.5 × 0.8-2.6 cm, leathery, apex obtuse and slightly emarginate. Scapes 1 or 2, yellowish green, from base of pseudobulb, erect, to 14 cm; raceme often nodding, shortened, umbel-like, densely more than 10-flowered; peduncle 1-3 mm in diam., with 3 or 4 tubular sheaths 8-10 mm; floral bracts whitish, ovate-lanceolate, 7-10 mm, membranous, apex acuminate. Pedicel and ovary shorter than floral bracts. Flowers slightly fragrant; sepals and petals white, later turning into orange in apical half; lip tangerine. Sepals free, thickly textured; dorsal sepal ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3-7 × ca. 1.5 mm; lateral sepals lanceolate, 4-14 × ca. 2 mm, margins incurved from middle to apex and tubular or subulate in shape, apex obtuse or subacute. Petals subovate or elliptic, 1-2 × 1-1.5 mm, thinly textured, apex subobtuse; lip slightly recurved, ligulate, fleshy, margins with white glandular hairs, adaxially with 2 densely minutely glandular-hairy ridges, base with a short claw attached to end of column foot, apex obtuse. Column ca. 1 mm, stout; stelidia ca. 0.2 mm; foot ca. 1 mm, with free part ca. 0.5 mm; anther cap nearly subglobose or cordate, finely papillate. Fl. Apr-Aug. 2n = 38.
Tree trunks in mixed forests, rocks along valleys; 200-2400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Sichuan, SE Xizang, W to SE Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
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