钩梗石豆兰 Bulbophyllum nigrescens
中文名（Chinese Name）：钩梗石豆兰
学名（Scientific Name）：Bulbophyllum nigrescens Rolfe
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Bulbophyllum angusteellipticum Seidenf.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石豆兰属
形态特征（Description）：假鳞茎聚生，卵状圆锥形，粗约1-1.5厘米，顶生1枚叶。叶革质，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长10-15厘米，中部宽1-1.5厘米，先端钝，基部收窄为短柄，在背面中肋隆起；叶柄对折，长1-2厘米。花葶从假鳞茎基部抽出，直立，圆柱形，远高出叶外，长达50厘米；总状花序长约为花葶全长的1/2-2/5，具多数偏向一侧的花；花序柄粗约3毫米，苍白色，光滑无毛，疏生3-4枚鞘；鞘膜质，筒状，紧抱花序柄，长5-10毫米，先端锐尖；花苞片小，披针形，长2-3毫米，先端急尖；花梗和子房黄绿色，长约6毫米，基部钩曲状；花下倾，萼片和花瓣紫黑色或萼片淡黄色，基部紫黑色；中萼片狭卵状披针形，长5-7毫米，中部宽2.5-3毫米，先端锐尖或短渐尖，具3条脉，密生长硬毛；侧萼片彼此分离，卵状三角形，比中萼片稍大，先端锐尖，基部贴生在蕊柱足上，具3条脉，密生长硬毛；萼囊狭小；花瓣匙形，长约2毫米，近先端处宽1.2毫米，先端圆形，具1条脉或脉不明显，中部以上密生长硬毛；唇瓣紫黑色，背面具鲜蓝绿色的条带或浅紫黑色而上面中央具1条紫红色纵带，肉质，舌状，被长毛，长约4毫米，两侧边缘向下内弯，摊平后匙形，先端圆钝，基部与蕊柱足末端连．接而形成活动关节，在基部外侧各具1枚裂片；裂片尖齿状，向后方弯曲；蕊柱淡黄色，长约1毫米；蕊柱三角形，不高出药帽之上，长0.3毫米，先端稍钝；蕊柱足长2毫米，其分离部分极短，长约0.2毫米；药帽前缘先端稍凹，上面和前缘具乳突。花期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南，生于海拔800～1500米的山地常绿阔叶林中树干上。泰国、越南也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 420, 421
Bulbophyllum nigrescens Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1910: 158. 1910.
钩梗石豆兰 gou geng shi dou lan| Orchidaceae | Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum anguste-ellipticum Seidenfaden.
Rhizome 2-3.5 mm in diam., sections between pseudobulbs 0.6-2.5 cm. Pseudobulbs close, ovoid or broadly conic, 0.8-1.7 × 1-2 cm. Petiole 0.8-2 cm; leaf blade elliptic to ovate, 6-13 × 0.9-1.7 cm, obtuse. Inflorescence an elongate, rather lax raceme, erect to spreading, 23-44 cm, 13-27-flowered; peduncle 8-22 cm; bracts ca. 5, longest 6.5-9 mm; rachis not thickened, 9-20 cm, glabrous; floral bracts triangular, 1.8-4.5 × 1-2 mm, acuminate. Flowers spreading to reflexed, secund, not fully opening, many simultaneously, yellowish, stained with blackish purple and with blackish purple veins, sometimes entirely blackish purple adaxially and pale reddish brown abaxially, petals and lip almost entirely blackish purple, petals proximally sometimes yellow with a blackish purple vein. Pedicel and ovary 5-11 mm. Dorsal sepal porrect to recurved, ovate to triangular, 5.5-9.5 × 1.8-3.2 mm, rather thin, adaxially pubescent, abaxially glabrous, base rather narrowly attached, margin ciliate, apex obtuse to acute; lateral sepals recurved, 6.5-10.5 × 2.7-4.2 mm, otherwise as dorsal sepal. Petals ± porrect, elliptic to obovate or spatulate, 1.5-2.5 × 0.8-1.5 mm, rather thin with a thick top, surface pubescent distally, base broadly attached, margins ciliate distally, apex obtuse to acuminate; lip recurved in proximal half, obovate to elliptic, 5-7 × 2-3.3 mm, rather thin; abaxially with a wide, rounded ridge near base, surface elsewhere concave to flat, glabrous or partly pubescent; adaxially somewhat concave near base and with a median slit or furrow reaching up to 1/3-2/3 of lip, with 2 distinct, obtuse ridges diverging proximally, continuing over 1/3-3/4 of lip, and often ending in a patch of irregularly shaped verrucae, surface glabrous, margin ciliate, apex rounded to obtuse. Column 1.4-1.8 mm; stelidia triangular, 0.5-0.8 mm, acute. Fl. Jan-May, Jul.
Epiphytic or lithophytic in deciduous or evergreen forests; 700-1800 m. S Yunnan [Thailand, Vietnam].
Chinese records of Bulbophyllum nigrescens could be based on misidentified plants.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Bulbophyllum nigrescens Rolfe
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Bulbophyllum angusteellipticum Seidenf.
科属（Family & Genus）：兰科（Orchidaceae）石豆兰属
形态特征（Description）：假鳞茎聚生，卵状圆锥形，粗约1-1.5厘米，顶生1枚叶。叶革质，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长10-15厘米，中部宽1-1.5厘米，先端钝，基部收窄为短柄，在背面中肋隆起；叶柄对折，长1-2厘米。花葶从假鳞茎基部抽出，直立，圆柱形，远高出叶外，长达50厘米；总状花序长约为花葶全长的1/2-2/5，具多数偏向一侧的花；花序柄粗约3毫米，苍白色，光滑无毛，疏生3-4枚鞘；鞘膜质，筒状，紧抱花序柄，长5-10毫米，先端锐尖；花苞片小，披针形，长2-3毫米，先端急尖；花梗和子房黄绿色，长约6毫米，基部钩曲状；花下倾，萼片和花瓣紫黑色或萼片淡黄色，基部紫黑色；中萼片狭卵状披针形，长5-7毫米，中部宽2.5-3毫米，先端锐尖或短渐尖，具3条脉，密生长硬毛；侧萼片彼此分离，卵状三角形，比中萼片稍大，先端锐尖，基部贴生在蕊柱足上，具3条脉，密生长硬毛；萼囊狭小；花瓣匙形，长约2毫米，近先端处宽1.2毫米，先端圆形，具1条脉或脉不明显，中部以上密生长硬毛；唇瓣紫黑色，背面具鲜蓝绿色的条带或浅紫黑色而上面中央具1条紫红色纵带，肉质，舌状，被长毛，长约4毫米，两侧边缘向下内弯，摊平后匙形，先端圆钝，基部与蕊柱足末端连．接而形成活动关节，在基部外侧各具1枚裂片；裂片尖齿状，向后方弯曲；蕊柱淡黄色，长约1毫米；蕊柱三角形，不高出药帽之上，长0.3毫米，先端稍钝；蕊柱足长2毫米，其分离部分极短，长约0.2毫米；药帽前缘先端稍凹，上面和前缘具乳突。花期4-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南，生于海拔800～1500米的山地常绿阔叶林中树干上。泰国、越南也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 25 Page 420, 421
Bulbophyllum nigrescens Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1910: 158. 1910.
钩梗石豆兰 gou geng shi dou lan| Orchidaceae | Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum anguste-ellipticum Seidenfaden.
Rhizome 2-3.5 mm in diam., sections between pseudobulbs 0.6-2.5 cm. Pseudobulbs close, ovoid or broadly conic, 0.8-1.7 × 1-2 cm. Petiole 0.8-2 cm; leaf blade elliptic to ovate, 6-13 × 0.9-1.7 cm, obtuse. Inflorescence an elongate, rather lax raceme, erect to spreading, 23-44 cm, 13-27-flowered; peduncle 8-22 cm; bracts ca. 5, longest 6.5-9 mm; rachis not thickened, 9-20 cm, glabrous; floral bracts triangular, 1.8-4.5 × 1-2 mm, acuminate. Flowers spreading to reflexed, secund, not fully opening, many simultaneously, yellowish, stained with blackish purple and with blackish purple veins, sometimes entirely blackish purple adaxially and pale reddish brown abaxially, petals and lip almost entirely blackish purple, petals proximally sometimes yellow with a blackish purple vein. Pedicel and ovary 5-11 mm. Dorsal sepal porrect to recurved, ovate to triangular, 5.5-9.5 × 1.8-3.2 mm, rather thin, adaxially pubescent, abaxially glabrous, base rather narrowly attached, margin ciliate, apex obtuse to acute; lateral sepals recurved, 6.5-10.5 × 2.7-4.2 mm, otherwise as dorsal sepal. Petals ± porrect, elliptic to obovate or spatulate, 1.5-2.5 × 0.8-1.5 mm, rather thin with a thick top, surface pubescent distally, base broadly attached, margins ciliate distally, apex obtuse to acuminate; lip recurved in proximal half, obovate to elliptic, 5-7 × 2-3.3 mm, rather thin; abaxially with a wide, rounded ridge near base, surface elsewhere concave to flat, glabrous or partly pubescent; adaxially somewhat concave near base and with a median slit or furrow reaching up to 1/3-2/3 of lip, with 2 distinct, obtuse ridges diverging proximally, continuing over 1/3-3/4 of lip, and often ending in a patch of irregularly shaped verrucae, surface glabrous, margin ciliate, apex rounded to obtuse. Column 1.4-1.8 mm; stelidia triangular, 0.5-0.8 mm, acute. Fl. Jan-May, Jul.
Epiphytic or lithophytic in deciduous or evergreen forests; 700-1800 m. S Yunnan [Thailand, Vietnam].
Chinese records of Bulbophyllum nigrescens could be based on misidentified plants.
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