飞龙掌血Toddalia asiatica
中文名（Chinese Name）：飞龙掌血
学名（Scientific Name）：Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：见血飞、黄椒根
异名（Synonym）：Aralia labordei H. Lév. Paullinia asiatica L. Toddalia aculeata Pers. Toddalia tonkinensis Guillaumin Cranzia aculeata (Sm.) Oken Cranzia asiatica (L.) Kuntze Cranzia nitida Kuntze Limonia oligandra Dalzell Scopolia aculeata Sm. Scopolia angustifolia Spreng. Toddalia angustifolia Lam. Toddalia asiatica var. floribunda (Wall.) Kurz Toddalia asiatica var. gracilis Gamble Toddalia asiatica var. obtusifolia Gamble Toddalia floribunda Wall. Toddalia rubricaulis Roem. & Schult. Zanthoxylum floribundum Wall.
科属（Family & Genus）：芸香科Rutaceae飞龙掌血属Toddalia
形态特征（Description）：老茎干有较厚的木栓层及黄灰色、纵向细裂且凸起的皮孔，三、四年生枝上的皮孔圆形而细小，茎枝及叶轴有甚多向下弯钩的锐刺，当年生嫩枝的顶部有褐或红锈色甚短的细毛，或密被灰白色短毛。小叶无柄，对光透视可见密生的透明油点，揉之有类似柑橘叶的香气，卵形，倒卵形，椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形。长5-9厘米，宽2-4厘米，顶部尾状长尖或急尖而钝头，有时微凹缺，叶缘有细裂齿，侧脉甚多而纤细。花梗甚短，基部有极小的鳞片状苞片，花淡黄白色；萼片长不及1毫米，边缘被短毛；花瓣长2-3.5毫米；雄花序为伞房状圆锥花序；雌花序呈聚伞圆锥花序。果橙红或朱红色，径8-10毫米或稍较大，有4-8条纵向浅沟纹，干后甚明显；种子长5-6毫米，厚约4毫米，种皮褐黑色，有极细小的窝点。花期几乎全年，在五岭以南各地，多于春季开花，沿长江两岸各地，多于夏季开花。果期多在秋冬季。
分布（Distribution）：产秦岭南坡以南各地，最北限见于陕西西乡县，南至海南，东南至台湾，西南至西藏东南部。从平地至海拔2000米山地，较常见于灌木、小乔木的次生林中，攀援于它树上，石灰岩山地也常见。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 75
Toddalia asiatica (Linnaeus) Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 2: 116. 1797.
飞龙掌血 fei long zhang xue | Rutaceae | Toddalia
Paullinia asiatica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 365. 1753, typ. cons.; Aralia labordei H. Léveillé; Toddalia asiatica var. floribunda (Wallich) Kurz; T. asiatica var. gracilis Gamble; T. asiatica var. obtusifolia Gamble; T. floribunda Wallich; T. tonkinensis Guillaumin.
Shrubs (usually sprawling) or woody climbers, usually armed. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaflet blades usually sessile or subsessile, elliptic or narrowly elliptic to obovate to oblanceolate, 3-10 × 1-4 cm, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, apex acuminate or rarely acute to obtuse or rounded. Inflorescences to 17 cm. Sepals 0.3-0.5 mm. Petals cream-white, ovate to elliptic, 1-3.5 mm. Stamens in male flowers 3-4 mm, in female flowers ligulate and 0.2-0.8 mm. Disk 0.2-0.5 mm. Gynoecium in female flowers ovoid to ellipsoid and 1.5-2.5 mm, in male flowers subcylindric and 1-2 mm. Fruit 5-10 mm in diam. Seeds 5-6.5 mm. Fl. year-round but mostly in spring and summer, fr. autumn and winter.
Secondary forests, thickets; near sea level to 2000 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Madagascar].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Toddalia asiatica (Linn.) Lam.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：见血飞、黄椒根
异名（Synonym）：Aralia labordei H. Lév. Paullinia asiatica L. Toddalia aculeata Pers. Toddalia tonkinensis Guillaumin Cranzia aculeata (Sm.) Oken Cranzia asiatica (L.) Kuntze Cranzia nitida Kuntze Limonia oligandra Dalzell Scopolia aculeata Sm. Scopolia angustifolia Spreng. Toddalia angustifolia Lam. Toddalia asiatica var. floribunda (Wall.) Kurz Toddalia asiatica var. gracilis Gamble Toddalia asiatica var. obtusifolia Gamble Toddalia floribunda Wall. Toddalia rubricaulis Roem. & Schult. Zanthoxylum floribundum Wall.
科属（Family & Genus）：芸香科Rutaceae飞龙掌血属Toddalia
形态特征（Description）：老茎干有较厚的木栓层及黄灰色、纵向细裂且凸起的皮孔，三、四年生枝上的皮孔圆形而细小，茎枝及叶轴有甚多向下弯钩的锐刺，当年生嫩枝的顶部有褐或红锈色甚短的细毛，或密被灰白色短毛。小叶无柄，对光透视可见密生的透明油点，揉之有类似柑橘叶的香气，卵形，倒卵形，椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形。长5-9厘米，宽2-4厘米，顶部尾状长尖或急尖而钝头，有时微凹缺，叶缘有细裂齿，侧脉甚多而纤细。花梗甚短，基部有极小的鳞片状苞片，花淡黄白色；萼片长不及1毫米，边缘被短毛；花瓣长2-3.5毫米；雄花序为伞房状圆锥花序；雌花序呈聚伞圆锥花序。果橙红或朱红色，径8-10毫米或稍较大，有4-8条纵向浅沟纹，干后甚明显；种子长5-6毫米，厚约4毫米，种皮褐黑色，有极细小的窝点。花期几乎全年，在五岭以南各地，多于春季开花，沿长江两岸各地，多于夏季开花。果期多在秋冬季。
分布（Distribution）：产秦岭南坡以南各地，最北限见于陕西西乡县，南至海南，东南至台湾，西南至西藏东南部。从平地至海拔2000米山地，较常见于灌木、小乔木的次生林中，攀援于它树上，石灰岩山地也常见。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 75
Toddalia asiatica (Linnaeus) Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 2: 116. 1797.
飞龙掌血 fei long zhang xue | Rutaceae | Toddalia
Paullinia asiatica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 365. 1753, typ. cons.; Aralia labordei H. Léveillé; Toddalia asiatica var. floribunda (Wallich) Kurz; T. asiatica var. gracilis Gamble; T. asiatica var. obtusifolia Gamble; T. floribunda Wallich; T. tonkinensis Guillaumin.
Shrubs (usually sprawling) or woody climbers, usually armed. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaflet blades usually sessile or subsessile, elliptic or narrowly elliptic to obovate to oblanceolate, 3-10 × 1-4 cm, base narrowly cuneate to attenuate, apex acuminate or rarely acute to obtuse or rounded. Inflorescences to 17 cm. Sepals 0.3-0.5 mm. Petals cream-white, ovate to elliptic, 1-3.5 mm. Stamens in male flowers 3-4 mm, in female flowers ligulate and 0.2-0.8 mm. Disk 0.2-0.5 mm. Gynoecium in female flowers ovoid to ellipsoid and 1.5-2.5 mm, in male flowers subcylindric and 1-2 mm. Fruit 5-10 mm in diam. Seeds 5-6.5 mm. Fl. year-round but mostly in spring and summer, fr. autumn and winter.
Secondary forests, thickets; near sea level to 2000 m. Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Madagascar].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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