矮紫金牛 Ardisia humilis

中文名(Chinese Name):矮紫金牛
学名(Scientific Name):Ardisia humilis Vahl
英文名(English Common Name):low shoebutton
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Ardisia pyrgina St.-Lag.  Ardisia pyrgus Roem. et Schult.  Pyrgus racemosa Lour.  Tinus humilis (Vahl) Kuntze  Ardisia hainanensis Mez  Anguillaria solanacea Poir.  Ardisia doma Wall. ex A.DC.  Ardisia drupacea (Blanco) Merr.  Ardisia humilis var. arborescens C.B. Clarke  Ardisia oleracea Buch.-Ham. ex A.DC.  Ardisia sinensis Steud.  Bladhia humilis (Vahl) Sasaki  Bladhia solanacea (Roxb.) Nakai  Climacandra littoralis (Andrews) Kurz  Climacandra multiflora Miq.  Climacandra obovata Miq.  Climacandra salicifolia (A.DC.) Miq.  Icacorea humilis Britton  Icacorea solanacea (Roxb.) Britton  Icacorea zeylanica Lam. ex Schult.  Tinus racemosa (Lour.) Kuntze  Willughbeia drupacea Blanco
科属Family & Genus):紫金牛科(Myrsinaceae)紫金牛属
形态特征(Description):灌木,高1-2米,有时达3 (-5) 米;茎粗壮,无毛,有皱纹,除侧生特殊花枝外不分枝。叶片革质,倒卵形或椭圆状倒卵形,稀倒披针形,顶端广急尖至钝,基部楔形,微下延,长15-18厘米,宽5-7厘米,有时长达28厘米,宽12厘米,全缘,两面无毛,背面密布小窝点,中脉明显,于背面隆起,侧脉约12对或更多,不成边缘脉;叶柄长5-10毫米,粗壮。由多数亚伞形花序或伞房花序组成的金字塔形的圆锥花序,着生于粗壮的侧生特殊花枝顶端,长8-17厘米或更长,花枝长13厘米或达30余厘米,仅中部以上具少数叶;花梗长6-10毫米,果时常达15毫米;花长5-6毫米,花萼基部连合达1/3,无毛,萼片广卵形,顶端急尖,基部近耳形,互相重叠,长1-2毫米,具腺点或不明显,全缘;花瓣粉红色或红紫色,广卵形或卵形,顶端急尖,长5-6毫米,无毛,无或有腺点;雄蕊与花瓣近等长,花丝长为花药的1/2,花药长圆状披针形,顶端渐尖,背部具腺点;雌蕊与花瓣等长,子房球形,具腺点,无毛;胚珠多数,3轮。果球形,直径约6毫米,暗红色至紫黑色,具腺点。花期3-4月,果期11-12月。
分布(Distribution):产广东、海南,生于海拔40-1100米的山间、坡地疏、密林下,或开阔的坡地。
用途(Use):树皮含单宁,亦供药用,煎水服治头痛、便血等症。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 15 Page 16
Ardisia humilis Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 40. 1794.
矮紫金牛 ai zi jin niu   | Myrsinaceae  | Ardisia
Ardisia hainanensis Mez; A. pyrgina Saint Lager; A. pyrgus Roemer & Schultes; Tinus humilis (Vahl) Kuntze.
Shrubs 1-2(-5) m tall, glabrous. Branchlets terete, 5-7 mm in diam., glabrous. Petiole canaliculate, 6-10 mm; leaf blade obovate, elliptic, or rarely oblanceolate, 15-18 × 5-7 cm, leathery, glabrous, inconspicuously pellucid punctate, scrobiculate, base cuneate and minutely decurrent, margin entire, apex broadly acute to obtuse; lateral veins ca. 12 on each side of midrib, marginal vein absent. Inflorescences terminal, rarely terminating lateral branchlets, subumbellate or cymose in pyramidal panicles, 8-17(-20) cm. Flowers leathery, pink or purplish red, 5-6 mm. Pedicel 6-10 mm, ca. 1.5 cm in fruit. Sepals broadly ovate, 1-2 mm, glabrous, punctate, base subauriculate, margin entire, apex acute. Petals nearly free, broadly ovate or ovate, glabrous, inconspicuously pellucid or orange punctate, glabrous. Stamens subequalling petals; filaments ca. 1/2 anther length; anthers oblong-lanceolate, punctate dorsally, apiculate. Pistil equaling petals; ovary punctate, glabrous; ovules numerous, in 3 series. Fruit dull red or purplish black, globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., densely punctate. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Nov-Dec.
Mixed forests, hillsides, open fields; 0-1100 m. Guangdong, Hainan [Philippines, Vietnam]
矮紫金牛 Ardisia humilis

矮紫金牛 Ardisia humilis

矮紫金牛 Ardisia humilis(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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