土木香Inula helenium
中文名（Chinese Name）：土木香
学名（Scientific Name）：Inula helenium Hook.f. & Thomson
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：青木香
异名（Synonym）：Aster helenium (L.) Scop. Corvisartia helenium (L.) Mérat Aster officinalis All.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科Compositae旋覆花属Inula
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，根状茎块状，有分枝。茎直立，高60-150或达250厘米，粗壮，径达1厘米，不分枝或上部有分枝，被开展的长毛，下部有较疏的叶；节间长4-15厘米，基部叶和下部叶在花期常生存，基部渐狭成具翅长达20厘米的柄，连同柄长30-60厘米，宽10-25厘米；叶片椭圆状披针形，边缘有不规则的齿或重齿，顶端尖，上面被基部疣状的糙毛，下面被黄绿色密茸毛；中脉和近20对的侧脉在下面稍高起，网脉显明；中部叶卵圆状披针形或长圆形，长15-35厘米，宽5-18厘米，基部心形，半抱茎；上部叶较小，披针形。头状花序少数，径6-8厘米，排列成伞房状花序；花序梗长6-12厘米，为多数苞叶所围裹；总苞5-6层，外层草质，宽卵圆形，顶端钝常，反折，被茸毛，宽6-9毫米，内层长圆形，顶端扩大成卵圆三角形，干膜质，背面有疏毛，有缘毛，较外层长达3倍，最内层线形，顶端稍扩大或狭尖。舌状花黄色；舌片线形，长2-3厘米，宽2-2.5毫米，顶端有3-4个浅裂片；管状花长约9-10毫米，有披针形裂片。冠毛污白色，长8-10毫米，有极多数具细齿的毛。瘦果四或五面形，有棱和细沟，无毛，长3-4毫米。花期6-9月。
分布（Distribution）：广泛分布于欧洲、亚洲、苏联西伯利亚西部至蒙古北部和北美。在我国分布于新疆，其它许多地区常栽培。
用途（Use）：可作为健胃、利尿、祛痰和驱虫药；对结核性患者也用为强壮药。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 838, 839
Inula helenium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 881. 1753.
土木香 tu mu xiang | Asteraceae | Inula
Aster helenium (Linnaeus) Scopoli; Corvisartia helenium (Linnaeus) Mérat.
Herbs, perennial. Stems 60-150(-250) cm tall, pubescent. Basal leaves ± elliptic, mostly 15-40 × 10-20 cm, abaxially velvety lanate, adaxially thinly hairy, bases decurrent to strongly ribbed petioles, margins callose-denticulate, otherwise entire; cauline leaves ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 10-30 × 4.5-12 cm, bases cordate, clasping, margins serrate. Involucre (20-)30-40 mm in diam.; outer phyllaries ovate, oblong, or deltate to lanceolate, 12-20(-25) × 6-8(-20) mm, abaxially velvety hairy, inner ones progressively narrower, less hairy, more scarious. Ray florets (15-)50-100; corolla lamina (10-)20-30+ mm. Disk corollas 9-11 mm. Achenes 3-4 mm, glabrous. Pappus of (40-)50-60 basally connate, barbellate bristles or setiform scales 6-10 mm. Fl. Jun-Sep. 2n = 20.
Roadsides, wastelands, streamsides; below 2000 m. Xinjiang; widely cultivated in China [Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia, Europe, North America].
Inula grandis Schrenk ex Fischer & C. A. Meyer (Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 50. 1841) was recorded from Xinjiang by Fl. URSS (25: 441-442. 1959) and Fl. Kazakhst. (8: 391. 1965). It is similar to I. helenium but distinct in having capitula numerous; outer phyllaries glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, middle phyllaries linear, apex acute; and stem and leaves glabrous. We have not seen any specimens, and its distribution in China requires confirmation.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Inula helenium Hook.f. & Thomson
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：青木香
异名（Synonym）：Aster helenium (L.) Scop. Corvisartia helenium (L.) Mérat Aster officinalis All.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科Compositae旋覆花属Inula
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，根状茎块状，有分枝。茎直立，高60-150或达250厘米，粗壮，径达1厘米，不分枝或上部有分枝，被开展的长毛，下部有较疏的叶；节间长4-15厘米，基部叶和下部叶在花期常生存，基部渐狭成具翅长达20厘米的柄，连同柄长30-60厘米，宽10-25厘米；叶片椭圆状披针形，边缘有不规则的齿或重齿，顶端尖，上面被基部疣状的糙毛，下面被黄绿色密茸毛；中脉和近20对的侧脉在下面稍高起，网脉显明；中部叶卵圆状披针形或长圆形，长15-35厘米，宽5-18厘米，基部心形，半抱茎；上部叶较小，披针形。头状花序少数，径6-8厘米，排列成伞房状花序；花序梗长6-12厘米，为多数苞叶所围裹；总苞5-6层，外层草质，宽卵圆形，顶端钝常，反折，被茸毛，宽6-9毫米，内层长圆形，顶端扩大成卵圆三角形，干膜质，背面有疏毛，有缘毛，较外层长达3倍，最内层线形，顶端稍扩大或狭尖。舌状花黄色；舌片线形，长2-3厘米，宽2-2.5毫米，顶端有3-4个浅裂片；管状花长约9-10毫米，有披针形裂片。冠毛污白色，长8-10毫米，有极多数具细齿的毛。瘦果四或五面形，有棱和细沟，无毛，长3-4毫米。花期6-9月。
分布（Distribution）：广泛分布于欧洲、亚洲、苏联西伯利亚西部至蒙古北部和北美。在我国分布于新疆，其它许多地区常栽培。
用途（Use）：可作为健胃、利尿、祛痰和驱虫药；对结核性患者也用为强壮药。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 838, 839
Inula helenium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 881. 1753.
土木香 tu mu xiang | Asteraceae | Inula
Aster helenium (Linnaeus) Scopoli; Corvisartia helenium (Linnaeus) Mérat.
Herbs, perennial. Stems 60-150(-250) cm tall, pubescent. Basal leaves ± elliptic, mostly 15-40 × 10-20 cm, abaxially velvety lanate, adaxially thinly hairy, bases decurrent to strongly ribbed petioles, margins callose-denticulate, otherwise entire; cauline leaves ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 10-30 × 4.5-12 cm, bases cordate, clasping, margins serrate. Involucre (20-)30-40 mm in diam.; outer phyllaries ovate, oblong, or deltate to lanceolate, 12-20(-25) × 6-8(-20) mm, abaxially velvety hairy, inner ones progressively narrower, less hairy, more scarious. Ray florets (15-)50-100; corolla lamina (10-)20-30+ mm. Disk corollas 9-11 mm. Achenes 3-4 mm, glabrous. Pappus of (40-)50-60 basally connate, barbellate bristles or setiform scales 6-10 mm. Fl. Jun-Sep. 2n = 20.
Roadsides, wastelands, streamsides; below 2000 m. Xinjiang; widely cultivated in China [Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia, Europe, North America].
Inula grandis Schrenk ex Fischer & C. A. Meyer (Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 50. 1841) was recorded from Xinjiang by Fl. URSS (25: 441-442. 1959) and Fl. Kazakhst. (8: 391. 1965). It is similar to I. helenium but distinct in having capitula numerous; outer phyllaries glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, middle phyllaries linear, apex acute; and stem and leaves glabrous. We have not seen any specimens, and its distribution in China requires confirmation.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
踩一下[1]
顶一下[2]