闭鞘姜Costus speciosus

中文名(Chinese Name):闭鞘姜
学名(Scientific Name):Costus speciosus (J. Koenig) Sm.
英文名(English Common Name):canereed
别名(Chinese Common Name):水蕉花
异名(Synonym):Banksea speciosa J. K?enig  Costus formosanus Nakai 
科属(Family & Genus):姜科(Zingiberaceae)闭鞘姜属
形态特征(Description):株高1-3米,基部近木质,顶部常分枝,旋卷。叶片长圆形或披针形,长15-20厘米,宽6-10厘米,顶端渐尖或尾状渐尖,基部近圆形,叶背密被绢毛。穗状花序顶生,椭圆形或卵形,长5-15厘米;苞片卵形,革质,红色,长2厘米,被短柔毛,具增厚及稍锐利的短尖头;小苞片长1.2-1.5厘米,淡红色;花萼革质,红色,长1.8-2厘米,3裂,嫩时被绒毛;花冠管短,长1厘米,裂片长圆状椭圆形,长约5厘米,白色或顶部红色;唇瓣宽喇叭形,纯白色,长6.5-9厘米,顶端具裂齿及皱波状;雄蕊花瓣状,长约4.5厘米,宽1.3厘米,上面被短柔毛,白色,基部橙黄。蒴果稍木质,长1.3厘米,红色;种子黑色,光亮,长3毫米。花期:7-9月;果期:9-11月。
分布(Distribution):产台湾、广东、广西、云南等省区,生于海拔45-1700米疏林下、山谷荫湿地、路边草丛、荒坡、水沟边等处。热带亚洲广布。
用途(Use):根茎供药用,有消炎利尿,散瘀消肿的功效。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 24 Page 321 
Costus speciosus (J. König) Smith, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 249. 1791.
闭鞘姜 bi qiao jiang| Costaceae  | Costus
Banksea speciosa J. König in Retzius, Observ. Bot. 3: 75. 1783; Costus formosanus Nakai.
Stems 1--3 m, base slightly woody, apex branched and spirally twisted when old. Petiole 5--7 mm; leaf blade oblong or lanceolate, 15--20 × 6--10 cm, abaxially densely sericeous, base subrounded, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate. Inflorescences terminal, ellipsoid or ovoid, 5--15 cm; bracts bright red, ovate, ca. 2 cm, leathery, pubescent, apex sharply pointed; bracteoles pale red, 1.2--1.5 cm. Calyx red, 1.8--2 cm, leathery, apex 3-lobed; lobes reddish black, rigid, and densely sericeous at apex. Corolla tube ca. 1 cm; lobes oblong-elliptic, ca. 5 cm, apex white or red. Labellum white, trumpet-shaped, 6.5--9 cm, apex toothed and crisped, with edges overlapping. Stamen petaloid, white with orange-yellow base, urceolate, ca. 4.5 × 1.3 cm, pubescent. Capsule red, globose, ca. 1.5 cm, slightly woody. Seeds black, glossy, ca. 3 mm. Fl. Jul--Sep, fr. Sep--Nov. 2 n = 18, 27*, 36.
Forest margins, moist places in valleys, roadsides; near sea level to 1700 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].
Medicinal.
 闭鞘姜Costus speciosus

闭鞘姜Costus speciosus

闭鞘姜Costus speciosus

闭鞘姜Costus speciosus
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