蛇床Cnidium monnieri

中文名(Chinese Name):蛇床
学名(Scientific Name):Cnidium monnieri (Linn.) Cuss.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Cnidium mongolicum Wolff  Pinasgelon monnieri (L.) Raf.  Selinum monnieri L.  Ligusticum mongolicum (H. Wolff) Leute  Ligusticum monnieri (L.) Calestani  Seseli daucifolium C. B. Clarke  Cicuta sinensis Zuccagni  Cicuta monnieri (L.) Crantz  Cnidium confertum Moench  Ligusticopsis mongolica (H.Wolff) Leute
科属(Family & Genus):伞形科Umbelliferae蛇床属Cnidium
形态特征(Description):一年生草本,高10-60厘米。根圆锥状,较细长。茎直立或斜上,多分枝,中空,表面具深条棱,粗糙。下部叶具短柄,叶鞘短宽,边缘膜质,上部叶柄全部鞘状;叶片轮廓卵形至三角状卵形,长3-8厘米,宽2-5厘米,2-3回三出式羽状全裂,羽片轮廓卵形至卵状披针形,长1-3厘米,宽0.5-1厘米,先端常略呈尾状,末回裂片线形至线状披针形,长3-10毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,具小尖头,边缘及脉上粗糙。复伞形花序直径2-3厘米;总苞片6-10,线形至线状披针形,长约5毫米,边缘膜质,具细睫毛;伞辐8-20,不等长,长0.5-2厘米,棱上粗糙;小总苞片多数,线形,长3-5毫米,边缘具细睫毛;小伞形花序具花15-20,萼齿无;花瓣白色,先端具内折小舌片;花柱基略隆起,花柱长1-1.5毫米,向下反曲。分生果长圆状,长1.5-3毫米,宽1-2毫米,横剖面近五角形,主棱5,均扩大成翅;每棱槽内油管1,合生面油管2;胚乳腹面平直。花期4-7月,果期6-10月。
分布(Distribution):产华东、中南、西南、西北、华北、东北。生于田边、路旁、草地及河边湿地。苏联、朝鲜、越南、北美及其它欧洲国家也有分布。
用途(Use):果实“蛇床子”入药,有燥湿、杀虫止痒、壮阳之效,治皮肤湿疹、阴道滴虫、肾虚阳痿等症。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 14 Page 136 
Cnidium monnieri (Linnaeus) Cusson, Mém. Soc. Méd. Emul. Paris. 280. 1782.
蛇床 she chuang | Apiaceae  | Cnidium
Plants annual, 10–60(–80) cm. Taproot 2–3 mm thick. Stem solitary, striate, scabrous. Lower petioles 3–8 cm; blade ovate-lanceolate, 3–8 × 2–5 cm, 2–3-pinnate; ultimate segments linear to linear-lanceolate, 3–10 × 1–1.5 mm, veins and margins scabrous. Umbels 2–3(–5) cm across; bracts 6–10, linear to linear-lanceolate, 2–3 mm, persistent, margins narrowly white membranous, very finely ciliate; rays 8–20(–30), 5–20 mm, unequal; bracteoles 5–9, linear, nearly equal pedicels, margins ciliate; umbellules 15–20-flowered; pedicels 3–5 mm. Calyx teeth obsolete or minute. Stylopodium conic; styles 3–4 times longer than stylopodium. Fruit ovoid, 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm; lateral ribs slightly broader than the dorsal. Seed face plane. Fl. Apr–Jul, fr. Jul–Oct.
Riparian grasslands, field margins. Almost throughout China [India, Korea, Laos, Mongolia, Russia, Vietnam; Europe; adventive in North America].
 蛇床Cnidium monnieri


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