艳山姜Alpinia zerumbet
中文名（Chinese Name）：艳山姜
学名（Scientific Name）：Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith
英文名（English Common Name）：shellplant
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Alpinia schumanniana Valeton Alpinia fluviatilis Hayata Costus zerumbet Pers. Languas schumanniana (Valeton) Sasaki Zerumbet speciosum J. C. Wendl. Alpinia cristata Griff. Alpinia fimbriata Gagnep. Alpinia fluvitialis Hayata Amomum nutans (Andrews) Schult. Catimbium nutans (Andrews) Juss. ex Lestib. Catimbium speciosum (J.C.Wendl.) Holttum Renealmia nutans Andrews Renealmia spectabilis Rusby Alpinia speciosa var. longiramosa Gagnep.
科属（Family & Genus）：姜科（Zingiberaceae）山姜属
形态特征（Description）：株高2-3米。叶片披针形，长30-60厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端渐尖而有一旋卷的小尖头，基部渐狭，边缘具短柔毛，两面均无毛；叶柄长1-1.5厘米；叶舌长5-10毫米，外被毛。圆锥花序呈总状花序式，下垂，长达30厘米，花序轴紫红色，被绒毛，分枝极短，在每一分枝上有花1-2 (3)朵；小苞片椭圆形，长3-3.5厘米，白色，顶端粉红色，蕾时包裹住花，无毛；小花梗极短；花萼近钟形，长约2厘米，白色，顶粉红色，一侧开裂，顶端又齿裂；花冠管较花萼为短，裂片长圆形，长约3厘米，后方的1枚较大，乳白色，顶端粉红色，侧生退化雄蕊钻状，长约2毫米，唇瓣匙状宽卵形，长4-6厘米，顶端皱波状，黄色而有紫红色纹彩；雄蕊长约2.5厘米；子房被金黄色粗毛；腺体长约2.5毫米。蒴果卵圆形，直径约2厘米，被稀疏的粗毛，具显露的条纹，顶端常冠以宿萼，熟时朱红色；种子有棱角。花期：4-6月；果期：7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国东南部至西南部各省区。热带亚洲广布。
用途（Use）：本种花极美丽，常栽培于园庭供观赏。根茎和果实健脾暖胃，燥湿散寒；治消化不良，呕吐腹泻。叶鞘作纤维原料。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 336
Alpinia zerumbet (Persoon) B. L. Burtt & R. M. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 31: 204. 1972.
艳山姜 yan shan jiang| Zingiberaceae | Alpinia
Costus zerumbet Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 3. 1805; Alpinia fluviatilis Hayata; A. schumanniana Valeton; A. speciosa (J. C. Wendland) K. Schumann (1893), not (Blume) D. Dietrich (1839); Languas schumanniana (Valeton) Sasaki; L. speciosa (J. C. Wendland) Small; Zerumbet speciosum J. C. Wendland.
Pseudostems 2--3 m. Ligule 5--10 mm, abaxially hairy; petiole 1--1.5 cm; leaf blade lanceolate, 30--60 × 5--10 cm, glabrous except pubescent at margin, base attenuate, apex acuminate with a spiral mucro. Panicles drooping, to 30 cm, enclosed by 2 long sheaths when young; rachis purple-red, velvety; branches very short, 1- or 2(or 3)-flowered; bracteoles enclosing flower buds, white with pink apex, elliptic, 3--3.5 cm, glabrous. Pedicel 1--2 cm. Calyx white, subcampanulate, ca. 2 cm, split on 1 side, apex toothed. Corolla tube shorter than calyx; lobes milky white with pink apex, oblong, ca. 3 cm; central lobe larger than lateral ones. Lateral staminodes subulate, ca. 2 mm. Labellum yellow with purple-red stripes, broadly ovate-spatulate, 4--6 cm, apex crisped. Stamen ca. 2.5 cm. Ovary golden yellow hirsute. Capsule vermilion, globose, ca. 2 cm in diam., ribbed, apex with persistent calyx. Seeds angled. Fl. Apr--Jun, fr. Jul--Oct. 2 n = 48*.
Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan, [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Cultivated for ornament, including plants with variegated leaves.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt. et Smith
英文名（English Common Name）：shellplant
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Alpinia schumanniana Valeton Alpinia fluviatilis Hayata Costus zerumbet Pers. Languas schumanniana (Valeton) Sasaki Zerumbet speciosum J. C. Wendl. Alpinia cristata Griff. Alpinia fimbriata Gagnep. Alpinia fluvitialis Hayata Amomum nutans (Andrews) Schult. Catimbium nutans (Andrews) Juss. ex Lestib. Catimbium speciosum (J.C.Wendl.) Holttum Renealmia nutans Andrews Renealmia spectabilis Rusby Alpinia speciosa var. longiramosa Gagnep.
科属（Family & Genus）：姜科（Zingiberaceae）山姜属
形态特征（Description）：株高2-3米。叶片披针形，长30-60厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端渐尖而有一旋卷的小尖头，基部渐狭，边缘具短柔毛，两面均无毛；叶柄长1-1.5厘米；叶舌长5-10毫米，外被毛。圆锥花序呈总状花序式，下垂，长达30厘米，花序轴紫红色，被绒毛，分枝极短，在每一分枝上有花1-2 (3)朵；小苞片椭圆形，长3-3.5厘米，白色，顶端粉红色，蕾时包裹住花，无毛；小花梗极短；花萼近钟形，长约2厘米，白色，顶粉红色，一侧开裂，顶端又齿裂；花冠管较花萼为短，裂片长圆形，长约3厘米，后方的1枚较大，乳白色，顶端粉红色，侧生退化雄蕊钻状，长约2毫米，唇瓣匙状宽卵形，长4-6厘米，顶端皱波状，黄色而有紫红色纹彩；雄蕊长约2.5厘米；子房被金黄色粗毛；腺体长约2.5毫米。蒴果卵圆形，直径约2厘米，被稀疏的粗毛，具显露的条纹，顶端常冠以宿萼，熟时朱红色；种子有棱角。花期：4-6月；果期：7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产我国东南部至西南部各省区。热带亚洲广布。
用途（Use）：本种花极美丽，常栽培于园庭供观赏。根茎和果实健脾暖胃，燥湿散寒；治消化不良，呕吐腹泻。叶鞘作纤维原料。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 24 Page 336
Alpinia zerumbet (Persoon) B. L. Burtt & R. M. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 31: 204. 1972.
艳山姜 yan shan jiang| Zingiberaceae | Alpinia
Costus zerumbet Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 3. 1805; Alpinia fluviatilis Hayata; A. schumanniana Valeton; A. speciosa (J. C. Wendland) K. Schumann (1893), not (Blume) D. Dietrich (1839); Languas schumanniana (Valeton) Sasaki; L. speciosa (J. C. Wendland) Small; Zerumbet speciosum J. C. Wendland.
Pseudostems 2--3 m. Ligule 5--10 mm, abaxially hairy; petiole 1--1.5 cm; leaf blade lanceolate, 30--60 × 5--10 cm, glabrous except pubescent at margin, base attenuate, apex acuminate with a spiral mucro. Panicles drooping, to 30 cm, enclosed by 2 long sheaths when young; rachis purple-red, velvety; branches very short, 1- or 2(or 3)-flowered; bracteoles enclosing flower buds, white with pink apex, elliptic, 3--3.5 cm, glabrous. Pedicel 1--2 cm. Calyx white, subcampanulate, ca. 2 cm, split on 1 side, apex toothed. Corolla tube shorter than calyx; lobes milky white with pink apex, oblong, ca. 3 cm; central lobe larger than lateral ones. Lateral staminodes subulate, ca. 2 mm. Labellum yellow with purple-red stripes, broadly ovate-spatulate, 4--6 cm, apex crisped. Stamen ca. 2.5 cm. Ovary golden yellow hirsute. Capsule vermilion, globose, ca. 2 cm in diam., ribbed, apex with persistent calyx. Seeds angled. Fl. Apr--Jun, fr. Jul--Oct. 2 n = 48*.
Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan, [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
Cultivated for ornament, including plants with variegated leaves.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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