三色堇Viola tricolor
中文名（Chinese Name）：三色堇
学名（Scientific Name）：Viola tricolor L.
英文名（English Common Name）：johnny jumpup
别名（Chinese Common Name）：蝴蝶花
异名（Synonym）：Viola tricolor var. hortensis DC. Jacea tricolor (L.) Opiz Mnemion agreste Fourr. Mnemion alpestre Fourr. Mnemion contemptum Fourr. Mnemion elegans Spach Mnemion gracilescens Fourr. Mnemion nemausense Fourr. Mnemion sagotii Fourr. Mnemion segetale Fourr. Mnemion sudeticum Fourr. Mnemion tenellum Webb Mnemion tricolor Spach Mnemion variatum Fourr.
科属（Family & Genus）：堇菜科（Violaceae）堇菜属
形态特征（Description）：一、二年生草本，株高约30厘米。基生叶有长柄，叶片近圆心形；茎生叶卵状长圆形或宽披针形，边缘有圆钝锯齿。单花生于花梗顶端，花大，花瓣近圆形，花色有紫、 蓝、黄、白、古铜等色。蒴果。花期4～7月，果期5～8月。
分布（Distribution）：原产欧洲，世界各地广为栽培。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 110, 111
Viola tricolor Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 935. 1753.
三色堇 san se jin| Violaceae | Viola
Viola tricolor var. hortensis Candolle.
Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, 10-40 cm tall. Stems erect or slightly oblique, slightly robust, angled, simple or numerously branched. Basal leaf blade narrowly ovate or lanceolate, long petiolate; stipules large, leaflike, deeply pinnatifid, 1-4 cm; petioles of upper leaves longer, those of lower leaves shorter; cauline leaf blade ovate, oblong-orbicular, or oblong-lanceolate, base rounded, margin remotely crenate, apex rounded or obtuse. Flowers solitary in leaf axils, usually 3-colored (purple, white, and yellow), large, 3.5-6 cm in diam., with 3-10 flowers per stem; pedicels slightly robust, 2-bracteolate at upper part; bracteoles opposite, ovate-triangular, very small. Sepals green, oblong-lanceolate, 1.2-2.2 cm × 3-5 mm, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, basal auricles developed, 3-6 mm, margin irregular. Corolla flat; upper petals deep purple-violet, lateral petals and anterior one 3-colored, purple-striate, lateral ones inside densely barbate at base; spur of anterior petal smaller, 5-8 mm. Ovary glabrous; styles short, base conspicuously geniculate; stigmas enlarged, globose, with a large stigma hole in front. Capsule ellipsoid, 8-12 mm, glabrous. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. May-Aug. 2n = 26.
Widely cultivated in China [native to Europe].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Viola tricolor L.
英文名（English Common Name）：johnny jumpup
别名（Chinese Common Name）：蝴蝶花
异名（Synonym）：Viola tricolor var. hortensis DC. Jacea tricolor (L.) Opiz Mnemion agreste Fourr. Mnemion alpestre Fourr. Mnemion contemptum Fourr. Mnemion elegans Spach Mnemion gracilescens Fourr. Mnemion nemausense Fourr. Mnemion sagotii Fourr. Mnemion segetale Fourr. Mnemion sudeticum Fourr. Mnemion tenellum Webb Mnemion tricolor Spach Mnemion variatum Fourr.
科属（Family & Genus）：堇菜科（Violaceae）堇菜属
形态特征（Description）：一、二年生草本，株高约30厘米。基生叶有长柄，叶片近圆心形；茎生叶卵状长圆形或宽披针形，边缘有圆钝锯齿。单花生于花梗顶端，花大，花瓣近圆形，花色有紫、 蓝、黄、白、古铜等色。蒴果。花期4～7月，果期5～8月。
分布（Distribution）：原产欧洲，世界各地广为栽培。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 110, 111
Viola tricolor Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 935. 1753.
三色堇 san se jin| Violaceae | Viola
Viola tricolor var. hortensis Candolle.
Herbs annual, biennial, or perennial, 10-40 cm tall. Stems erect or slightly oblique, slightly robust, angled, simple or numerously branched. Basal leaf blade narrowly ovate or lanceolate, long petiolate; stipules large, leaflike, deeply pinnatifid, 1-4 cm; petioles of upper leaves longer, those of lower leaves shorter; cauline leaf blade ovate, oblong-orbicular, or oblong-lanceolate, base rounded, margin remotely crenate, apex rounded or obtuse. Flowers solitary in leaf axils, usually 3-colored (purple, white, and yellow), large, 3.5-6 cm in diam., with 3-10 flowers per stem; pedicels slightly robust, 2-bracteolate at upper part; bracteoles opposite, ovate-triangular, very small. Sepals green, oblong-lanceolate, 1.2-2.2 cm × 3-5 mm, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, basal auricles developed, 3-6 mm, margin irregular. Corolla flat; upper petals deep purple-violet, lateral petals and anterior one 3-colored, purple-striate, lateral ones inside densely barbate at base; spur of anterior petal smaller, 5-8 mm. Ovary glabrous; styles short, base conspicuously geniculate; stigmas enlarged, globose, with a large stigma hole in front. Capsule ellipsoid, 8-12 mm, glabrous. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. May-Aug. 2n = 26.
Widely cultivated in China [native to Europe].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
踩一下[4]
顶一下[20]