紫茉莉 Mirabilis jalapa
中文名（Chinese Name）：紫茉莉
学名（Scientific Name）：Mirabilis jalapa L.
英文名（English Common Name）：marvel of Peru
别名（Chinese Common Name）：胭脂花、夜饭花
异名（Synonym）：Nyctago jalapa (L.) DC. Mirabilis lindheimeri (Standl.) Shinners Mirabilis jalapa subsp. lindheimeri Standl. Jalapa congesta Moench Jalapa officinalis Garsault Mirabilis ambigua Trautv. Mirabilis pedunculata Stokes Mirabilis planiflora Trautv. Mirabilis pubescens Zipp. ex Span. Mirabilis xalapa Noronha Nyctago hortensis Juss. ex Roem. & Schult. Nyctago jalapae (L.) DC. Nyctago versicolor Salisb.
科属（Family & Genus）：紫茉莉科（Nyctaginaceae）紫茉莉属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高可达1米。根肥粗，倒圆锥形，黑色或黑褐色。茎直立，圆柱形，多分枝，无毛或疏生细柔毛，节稍膨大。叶片卵形或卵状三角形，长3-15厘米，宽2-9厘米，顶端渐尖，基部截形或心形，全缘，两面均无毛，脉隆起；叶柄长1-4厘米，上部叶几无柄。花常数朵簇生枝端；花梗长1-2毫米；总苞钟形，长约1厘米，5裂，裂片三角状卵形，顶端渐尖，无毛，具脉纹，果时宿存；花被紫红色、黄色、白色或杂色，高脚碟状，筒部长2-6厘米，檐部直径2.5-3厘米，5浅裂；花午后开放，有香气，次日午前凋萎；雄蕊5，花丝细长，常伸出花外，花药球形；花柱单生，线形，伸出花外，柱头头状。瘦果球形，直径5-8毫米，革质，黑色，表面具皱纹；种子胚乳白粉质。花期6-10月，果期8-11月。
分布（Distribution）：原产热带美洲，我国南北各地常栽培，有时逸为野生。
用途（Use）：根、叶可供药用，有清热解毒、活血调经和滋补的功效。种子白粉可去面部癍痣粉刺。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 432
Mirabilis jalapa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 177. 1753.
紫茉莉 zi mo li| Nyctaginaceae | Mirabilis
Nyctago jalapa (Linnaeus) Candolle.
Herbs annual, to 1 m tall. Roots tuberous, black or black-brown. Stems erect, much branched, cylindric, glabrous or slightly pubescent, inflated on nodes. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaf blade ovate or ovate-triangular, 3-15 × 2-9 cm, base truncate or cordate, margin entire, apex acuminate. Flowers usually several clustered at apex of branches, fragrant; pedicel 1-2 mm. Invo- lucre campanulate, ca. 1 cm, 5-lobed, lobes triangular-ovate, acuminate, glabrous, persistent. Perianth purple, red, yellow, white, or variegated; tube 2-6 cm; limb 2.5-3 cm in diam., opening in late afternoon, closing next morning. Stamens 5; filaments slender, exserted; anther globose. Fruit black, globose, 5-8 mm in diam., coriaceous, ribbed and plicate. Endosperm white mealy. Fl. Jun-Oct, fr. Aug-Nov.
Originally introduced as an ornamental, now a ruderal weed in some areas of China [native to tropical America; now pantropical].
This species is used medicinally and as an ornamental.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Mirabilis jalapa L.
英文名（English Common Name）：marvel of Peru
别名（Chinese Common Name）：胭脂花、夜饭花
异名（Synonym）：Nyctago jalapa (L.) DC. Mirabilis lindheimeri (Standl.) Shinners Mirabilis jalapa subsp. lindheimeri Standl. Jalapa congesta Moench Jalapa officinalis Garsault Mirabilis ambigua Trautv. Mirabilis pedunculata Stokes Mirabilis planiflora Trautv. Mirabilis pubescens Zipp. ex Span. Mirabilis xalapa Noronha Nyctago hortensis Juss. ex Roem. & Schult. Nyctago jalapae (L.) DC. Nyctago versicolor Salisb.
科属（Family & Genus）：紫茉莉科（Nyctaginaceae）紫茉莉属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高可达1米。根肥粗，倒圆锥形，黑色或黑褐色。茎直立，圆柱形，多分枝，无毛或疏生细柔毛，节稍膨大。叶片卵形或卵状三角形，长3-15厘米，宽2-9厘米，顶端渐尖，基部截形或心形，全缘，两面均无毛，脉隆起；叶柄长1-4厘米，上部叶几无柄。花常数朵簇生枝端；花梗长1-2毫米；总苞钟形，长约1厘米，5裂，裂片三角状卵形，顶端渐尖，无毛，具脉纹，果时宿存；花被紫红色、黄色、白色或杂色，高脚碟状，筒部长2-6厘米，檐部直径2.5-3厘米，5浅裂；花午后开放，有香气，次日午前凋萎；雄蕊5，花丝细长，常伸出花外，花药球形；花柱单生，线形，伸出花外，柱头头状。瘦果球形，直径5-8毫米，革质，黑色，表面具皱纹；种子胚乳白粉质。花期6-10月，果期8-11月。
分布（Distribution）：原产热带美洲，我国南北各地常栽培，有时逸为野生。
用途（Use）：根、叶可供药用，有清热解毒、活血调经和滋补的功效。种子白粉可去面部癍痣粉刺。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 5 Page 432
Mirabilis jalapa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 177. 1753.
紫茉莉 zi mo li| Nyctaginaceae | Mirabilis
Nyctago jalapa (Linnaeus) Candolle.
Herbs annual, to 1 m tall. Roots tuberous, black or black-brown. Stems erect, much branched, cylindric, glabrous or slightly pubescent, inflated on nodes. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaf blade ovate or ovate-triangular, 3-15 × 2-9 cm, base truncate or cordate, margin entire, apex acuminate. Flowers usually several clustered at apex of branches, fragrant; pedicel 1-2 mm. Invo- lucre campanulate, ca. 1 cm, 5-lobed, lobes triangular-ovate, acuminate, glabrous, persistent. Perianth purple, red, yellow, white, or variegated; tube 2-6 cm; limb 2.5-3 cm in diam., opening in late afternoon, closing next morning. Stamens 5; filaments slender, exserted; anther globose. Fruit black, globose, 5-8 mm in diam., coriaceous, ribbed and plicate. Endosperm white mealy. Fl. Jun-Oct, fr. Aug-Nov.
Originally introduced as an ornamental, now a ruderal weed in some areas of China [native to tropical America; now pantropical].
This species is used medicinally and as an ornamental.
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