坡油甘Smithia sensitiva

中文名(Chinese Name):坡油甘
学名(Scientific Name):Smithia sensitiva Ait.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):施氏豆
异名(Synonym):Damapana sensitiva (Aiton) Kuntze  Smithia javanica Benth.  Aeschynomene tribuloides Baill.  Petagnana sensitiva (Aiton)J.F.Gmel.
科属(Family & Genus):蝶形花科,Fabaceae坡油甘属
形态特征(Description):一年生灌木状草本,披散或伏地,高15-100厘米。茎纤细,多分枝,无毛。偶数羽状复叶,具小叶3-10对;托叶干膜质,下延成耳,有纵纹,无毛;叶柄长约1毫米;叶轴长1-3厘米,上面有小刺毛;小叶薄纸质,长圆形,长4-10毫米,宽1.5-3毫米,先端钝或圆形,具刚毛状的短尖头,边缘和上面中脉疏被刚毛;侧脉每边5条;小托叶小,刚毛状;小叶柄短,长约1毫米,无毛。总状花序腋生;总花梗长2-3厘米;花小,1-6朵或更多,密集于总花梗的近顶部;花梗短;小苞片2,卵形,具纵脉纹,有缘毛,长约为萼的1/3,紧贴花萼,宿存;花萼硬纸质,具纵脉纹,长5-8毫米,疏被刚毛;花冠黄色,稍长于萼,旗瓣倒卵形,宽约5毫米,先端微凹,瓣柄短,翼瓣较旗瓣短,长圆形,具瓣柄,冀瓣与龙骨瓣近等长;子房线形,有胚珠多颗。荚果有荚节4-6,叠藏于萼内,有密集的乳头状凸起。花期8-9月,果期9-10月。
分布(Distribution):产福建、台湾、广东、海南、广西、云南、贵州和四川。常生于海拔50-1000米的田边或低湿处。广布于热带亚洲。
用途(Use):全株用于治肝炎、疮毒、咳嗽、蛇伤,亦可作牧草。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 134, 135
Smithia sensitiva Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 496. 1789.
坡油甘 po you gan | Fabaceae  | Smithia
Smithia javanica Bentham.
Herbs, annual, 15-100 cm tall, ascending to decumbent. Stems slender, many branched, glabrous; nodes congested api­cally on stems. Stipules membranous, dry, glabrous. Leaves 6-20-foliolate, sensitive; rachis 1-3 cm, with small spinelike tri­chomes; petiolules ca. 1 mm, glabrous; leaflet blades oblong, 4-10 × 1.5-3 mm, thinly papery, secondary veins 5 on each side of midvein, apex obtuse to rounded and with a spinelike mucro. Inflorescences axillary racemes, with 1-6 or more flow­ers clustered near apex; peduncle short; bracts stipule-shaped, caducous. Flowers 8-10 mm. Pedicel 2-3 mm; bracteoles 2, ovate, ca. 1/3 as long as calyx, adnate to calyx, persistent, mar­gin ciliate. Calyx 5-8 mm, thickly papery, sparsely setose, with parallel veins. Corolla yellow, slightly longer than calyx; stan­dard obovate, ca. 5 mm wide, claw short, apex slightly emargi­nate; wings oblong, shorter than standard; keels ± as long as wings. Stamens diadelphous. Ovary linear, with numerous ovules. Legume a plicate loment, shortly stipitate, divided into 4-6 articles; articles densely papillate. Seeds not seen. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 38.
Field margins, wetlands; near sea level to 1000 m. Fujian, Guang­dong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Kashmir, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, N Australia].
This species probably is introduced in some regions of its stated range. It is used for medicinal purposes and fodder.
坡油甘Smithia sensitiva

坡油甘Smithia sensitiva(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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