光萼猪屎豆Crotalaria trichotoma
中文名（Chinese Name）：光萼猪屎豆
学名（Scientific Name）：Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：光萼野百合
异名（Synonym）：Crotalaria zanzibarica Benth. Crotalaria usaramoensis Baker f. Crotalaria thomensis Baker f. Crotalaria cleomoides Klotzsch
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae猪屎豆属
形态特征（Description）：草本或亚灌木，体高达2米；茎枝圆柱形，具小沟纹，被短柔毛。托叶极细小，钻状，长约1毫米；叶三出，叶柄长3-5厘米，小叶长椭圆形，两端渐尖，长6-10厘米，宽1-2 (-3) 厘米，先端具短尖，上面绿色，光滑无毛，下面青灰色，被短柔毛；小叶柄长约2毫米。总状花序顶生，有花10-20朵，花序长达20厘米；苞片线形，长2-3毫米，小苞片与苞片同形，稍短小，生花梗中部以上；花梗长3-6毫米，在花蕾时挺直向上，开花时屈曲向下，结果时下垂；花萼近钟形，长4-5毫米，五裂，萼齿三角形，约与萼筒等长，无毛；花冠黄色，伸出萼外，旗瓣圆形，直径约12毫米，基部具胼胝体二枚，先端具芒尖，翼瓣长圆形，约与旗瓣等长，龙骨瓣最长，约15毫米，稍弯曲，中部以上变狭，形成长喙，基部边缘具微柔毛；子房无柄。荚果长圆柱形，长3-4厘米，幼时被毛，成熟后脱落，果皮常呈黑色，基部残存宿存花丝及花萼；种子20-30颗，肾形，成熟时朱红色。花果期4-12月间。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲，生海拔100-1000米田园路边及荒山草地。非洲、亚洲、大洋洲、美洲热带、亚热带地区均有。
用途（Use）：可供药用，有清热解毒、散结祛瘀等效用，外用治疮痛、跌打损伤等症。本种亦含有丰富的氮、磷、钾是很好的绿肥植物，我国南方常作为橡胶园的覆盖植物。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 106, 109
Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2. 4: 265. 1835.
光萼猪屎豆 guang e zhu shi dou | Fabaceae | Crotalaria
Crotalaria usaramoensis E. G. Baker; C. zanzibarica Bentham.
Herbs or shrublets, to 2 m tall. Branches terete, ribbed, pubescent. Stipules subulate, ca. 1 mm. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 3-5 cm; petiolules ca. 2 mm; leaflet blades narrowly elliptic, 6-10 × 1-2(-3) cm, abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base cuneate, apex acuminate and mucronate. Racemes terminal, ca. 20 cm, 10-20-flowered; bracts linear, 2-3 mm. Pedicel 3-6 mm; bracteoles inserted on apical half of pedicel, similar to bracts in shape but shorter. Calyx subcampanulate, 4-5 mm, 5-lobed; lobes triangular, ± as long as tube, glabrous to sparsely pubescent. Corolla yellow, exserted beyond calyx; standard orbicular, ca. 1.2 cm in diam., base with 2 appendages, apex awned; wings oblong, ± as long as standard; keel ca. 1.5 cm, slightly rounded, narrowed apically from middle, marginally pubescent at base, beak rather long. Ovary subsessile. Legume cylindric, 3-4 × 0.7-1.2 cm, 50-70-seeded, glabrescent; style and calyx persistent. Seeds orangish buff to terra-cotta-colored, reniform, smooth. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Sep-Dec.
Grasslands, along trails; 100-2000 m. Cultivated or naturalized in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, and Yunnan [native to E Africa; introduced in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：光萼野百合
异名（Synonym）：Crotalaria zanzibarica Benth. Crotalaria usaramoensis Baker f. Crotalaria thomensis Baker f. Crotalaria cleomoides Klotzsch
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae猪屎豆属
形态特征（Description）：草本或亚灌木，体高达2米；茎枝圆柱形，具小沟纹，被短柔毛。托叶极细小，钻状，长约1毫米；叶三出，叶柄长3-5厘米，小叶长椭圆形，两端渐尖，长6-10厘米，宽1-2 (-3) 厘米，先端具短尖，上面绿色，光滑无毛，下面青灰色，被短柔毛；小叶柄长约2毫米。总状花序顶生，有花10-20朵，花序长达20厘米；苞片线形，长2-3毫米，小苞片与苞片同形，稍短小，生花梗中部以上；花梗长3-6毫米，在花蕾时挺直向上，开花时屈曲向下，结果时下垂；花萼近钟形，长4-5毫米，五裂，萼齿三角形，约与萼筒等长，无毛；花冠黄色，伸出萼外，旗瓣圆形，直径约12毫米，基部具胼胝体二枚，先端具芒尖，翼瓣长圆形，约与旗瓣等长，龙骨瓣最长，约15毫米，稍弯曲，中部以上变狭，形成长喙，基部边缘具微柔毛；子房无柄。荚果长圆柱形，长3-4厘米，幼时被毛，成熟后脱落，果皮常呈黑色，基部残存宿存花丝及花萼；种子20-30颗，肾形，成熟时朱红色。花果期4-12月间。
分布（Distribution）：原产南美洲，生海拔100-1000米田园路边及荒山草地。非洲、亚洲、大洋洲、美洲热带、亚热带地区均有。
用途（Use）：可供药用，有清热解毒、散结祛瘀等效用，外用治疮痛、跌打损伤等症。本种亦含有丰富的氮、磷、钾是很好的绿肥植物，我国南方常作为橡胶园的覆盖植物。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 106, 109
Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2. 4: 265. 1835.
光萼猪屎豆 guang e zhu shi dou | Fabaceae | Crotalaria
Crotalaria usaramoensis E. G. Baker; C. zanzibarica Bentham.
Herbs or shrublets, to 2 m tall. Branches terete, ribbed, pubescent. Stipules subulate, ca. 1 mm. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 3-5 cm; petiolules ca. 2 mm; leaflet blades narrowly elliptic, 6-10 × 1-2(-3) cm, abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base cuneate, apex acuminate and mucronate. Racemes terminal, ca. 20 cm, 10-20-flowered; bracts linear, 2-3 mm. Pedicel 3-6 mm; bracteoles inserted on apical half of pedicel, similar to bracts in shape but shorter. Calyx subcampanulate, 4-5 mm, 5-lobed; lobes triangular, ± as long as tube, glabrous to sparsely pubescent. Corolla yellow, exserted beyond calyx; standard orbicular, ca. 1.2 cm in diam., base with 2 appendages, apex awned; wings oblong, ± as long as standard; keel ca. 1.5 cm, slightly rounded, narrowed apically from middle, marginally pubescent at base, beak rather long. Ovary subsessile. Legume cylindric, 3-4 × 0.7-1.2 cm, 50-70-seeded, glabrescent; style and calyx persistent. Seeds orangish buff to terra-cotta-colored, reniform, smooth. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Sep-Dec.
Grasslands, along trails; 100-2000 m. Cultivated or naturalized in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Sichuan, Taiwan, and Yunnan [native to E Africa; introduced in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam].
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