山韭Allium senescens

中文名(Chinese Name):山韭
学名(Scientific Name):Allium senescens L.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):岩葱
异名(Synonym):Allium fallax Roem. et Schult.  Allium laucum Schrad.  Allium angulosum var. minum Ledeb.  Allium senescens f. albiflorum Q. S. Sun  Allium andersonii G. Don  Allium baicalense Willd.  Allium kungii Nakai  Cepa senescens (L.) Moench  Xylorhiza senescens (L.) Salisb.  Allium narcissifolium Scop.  Allium senescens f. albiflora Sun,Q.S.
科属(Family & Genus):百合科(Liliaceae)葱属
形态特征(Description):具粗壮的横生根状茎。鳞茎单生或数枚聚生,近狭卵状圆柱形或近圆锥状,粗0.5-2(-2.5)厘米;鳞茎外皮灰黑色至黑色,膜质,不破裂,内皮白色,有时带红色。叶狭条形至宽条形,肥厚,基部近半圆柱状,上部扁平,有时略呈镰状弯曲,短于或稍长于花葶,宽2-10毫米,先端钝圆,叶缘和纵脉有时具极细的糙齿。花葶圆柱状,常具2纵棱,有时纵棱变成窄翅而使花葶成为二棱柱状,高度变化很大,有的不到10厘米,而有的则可高达65厘米,粗1-5毫米,下部被叶鞘;总苞2裂,宿存;伞形花序半球状至近球状,具多而稍密集的花;小花梗近等长,比花被片长2-4倍,稀更短,基部具小苞片,稀无小苞片;花紫红色至淡紫色;花被片长3.2-6毫米,宽1.6-2.5毫米,内轮的矩圆状卵形至卵形,先端钝圆并常具不规则的小齿,外轮的卵形,舟状,略短;花丝等长,从比花被片略长直至为其长的1.5倍,仅基部合生并与花被片贴生,内轮的扩大成披针状狭三角形,外轮的锥形;子房倒如状球形至近球状,基部无凹陷的蜜穴;花柱伸出花被外。花果期7-9月。
分布(Distribution):产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河北、山西、内蒙古、甘肃(东部)、新疆(西北部)和河南、(西北部)。生于海拔2000米以下的草原、草甸或山坡上。从欧洲经苏联中亚直到西伯利亚都有分布。
用途(Use):
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 24 Page 187
Allium senescens Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 299. 1753.
山韭 shan jiu | Liliaceae  | Allium
Allium baicalense Willdenow; A. senescens f. albiflorum Q. S. Sun.
Bulb solitary or paired, ovate-cylindric or conical, 1--2 cm in diam., attached to a horizontal or oblique rhizome, sometimes developed above ground; outer tunic usually blackish gray or black, scarious, entire or slightly splitting. Leaves spirally arranged, never distichous, broadly linear, sometimes slightly falcate, shorter than scape, 7--10(--12) mm wide, flat, thick, smooth or minutely scabrous, apex obtuse. Scape (25--)30--60 cm, 2-angled or narrowly 2-winged, covered with leaf sheaths only at base. Spathe 2-valved, persistent, apex acuminate. Umbel hemispheric to globose, many flowered. Pedicels equal, 2--3 × as long as perianth, a few bracteolate. Perianth pink to pale red, later becoming whitish; segments subovate, 4--6(--7) × 2--2.5 mm, apex obtuse, sometimes minutely denticulate; outer ones boat-shaped. Filaments subequal, to 1.5 × as long as perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outer ones subulate; inner ones narrowly triangular. Ovary globose, without concave nectaries. Style long exserted. Fl. Jul--Aug. 2 n = 16*, 32*, (40), 48.
Forests, dry stony slopes, steppes, saline meadows, gravelly places; 500--800 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, N Xinjiang [Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
山韭Allium senescens

山韭Allium senescens

山韭Allium senescens

(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[1]

踩一下[0]