扇形鸢尾Iris wattii

中文名(Chinese Name): 扇形鸢尾
学名(Scientific Name):Iris wattii Baker
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym): 
科属(Family & Genus):鸢尾科(Iridaceae)鸢尾属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本。根状茎粗壮,直径约1厘米,横走,节明显,节间长,黄白色;须根分枝较多,黄白色。地上茎扁圆柱形,高50-100厘米,直径1-1.5厘米,节明显,残留有老叶的叶鞘。叶黄绿色,表面皱褶,10余枚密集于茎顶,基部互担套叠,排列成扇面状,叶片宽剑形,长50-70厘米,宽5-7厘米,顶端渐尖,基部鞘状,有十多条纵脉。花茎高30-50厘米,直径约 7毫米,有纵棱和浅沟;总状圆锥花序,有5-7个分枝;每个分枝处生有苞片3-5枚,膜质,绿色,披针形至狭卵形,长1.5-2.5厘米,宽约1厘米,顶端钝,内包含有2-4朵花;花蓝紫色,直径7.5-8厘米;花梗长约1.5厘米;花被管喇叭形,长约2厘米,外花被裂片倒卵形,长4.5-5厘米,宽2.4-2.8厘米,有深紫色的斑点及条纹,边缘有波状皱褶,中肋上有不整齐的黄色鸡冠状附属物,内花被裂片倒披针形或狭倒卵形,长3.5-4厘米,宽1-1.3厘米,花盛开时向外倾斜;雄蕊长约3厘米,花药黄色,花丝白色;花柱分枝淡蓝色,扁平,拱形弯曲,长3-3.5厘米,宽0.8-1厘米,顶端裂片繸状丝裂,子房绿色,纺锤形,长7-8毫米。蒴果椭圆形,长2.8-3.5厘米,直径1.3-1.5厘米,顶端有短尖,无明显的喙,有6条肋,其中3条肋较明显而突出;种子棕褐色,扁平,半圆形,直径约4毫米。花期4月。果期5-8月。
分布(Distribution):产云南、西藏。生于海拔2 000米左右的林缘草地或河边湿地。也产于印度及不丹。
用途(Use):FOC Vol. 24 Page 308 
Iris wattii Baker, Handb. Irid. 17. 1892.
扇形鸢尾 shan xing yuan wei | Iridaceae  | Iris
Rhizomes thick, ca. 1 cm in diam.; nodes distinct. Stems 50--100 × 1--1.5 cm, flattened, with prominent scars and bases of old leaf sheaths. Leaves 10 or more clustered into a terminal fan, yellowish green, broadly sword-shaped, 50--70 × 5--7 cm, veins ca. 10, apex acuminate. Flowering stems with 5--7 short, stout branches near apex, 30--50(--100) cm; spathes 3--5, green, narrowly ovate, 1.5--2.5 × ca. 1 cm, 2--6-flowered, apex obtuse. Flowers bluish violet, 7.5--8 cm in diam.; pedicel 1.5--3 cm, stout, persistent. Perianth tube ca. 2 cm; outer segments obovate, mottled darker, or with linear patterns around irregular, yellowish crest, 4.5--6 × 2.4--4 cm, margin undulate; inner segments spreading, narrowly obovate, 3.5--4 × 1--1.3 cm. Stamens ca. 3 cm; anthers yellow. Ovary green, 7--8 mm. Style branches pale blue, 3--3.5 cm × 8--10 mm; terminal lobes fimbriate. Capsule cylindric, 2.8--4.5 × 1.3--1.5 cm, apex mucronate but not beaked. Seeds brown, semiorbicular. Fl. Apr, fr. May--Aug. 2 n = 30.
Grasslands at forest margins, wet riversides; 1800--2200 m. Xizang, Yunnan [NE India, Myanmar].
 扇形鸢尾Iris wattii

 扇形鸢尾Iris wattii(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[1]

踩一下[0]