藿香Agastache rugosa

中文名(Chinese Name):藿香
学名(Scientific Name):Agastache rugosa (Fisch. et Mey.) O. Kuntze
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):合香、仁丹草
异名(Synonym):Elsholtzia monostachya H. Lév. et Vaniot  Lophanthus argyi H. Lév.  Lophanthus rugosus Fisch. et C. A. Mey.  Lophanthus formosanus Hayata  Agastache formosana (Hayata) Hayata ex Makino & Nemoto  Agastache lophanthus Kuntze  Agastache rugosa f. alba Y.N.Lee  Elsholtzia monostachys H.Lév. & Vaniot
科属(Family & Genus):唇形科(Labiatae)藿香属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本。茎直立,高0.5-1.5米,四棱形,粗达7-8毫米,上部被极短的细毛,下部无毛,在上部具能育的分枝。叶心状卵形至长圆状披针形,长4.5-11厘米,宽3-6.5厘米,向上渐小,先端尾状长渐尖,基部心形,稀截形,边缘具粗齿,纸质,上面橄榄绿色,近无毛,下面略淡,被微柔毛及点状腺体;叶柄长1.5-3.5厘米。轮伞花序多花,在主茎或侧枝上组成顶生密集的圆筒形穗状花序,穗状花序长2.5-12厘米,直径1.8-2.5厘米;花序基部的苞叶长不超过5毫米,宽约1-2毫米,披针状线形,长渐尖,苞片形状与之相似,较小,长约2-3毫米;轮伞花序具短梗,总梗长约3毫米,被腺微柔毛。花萼管状倒圆锥形,长约6毫米,宽约2毫米,被腺微柔毛及黄色小腺体,多少染成浅紫色或紫红色,喉部微斜,萼齿三角状披针形,后3齿长约2.2毫米,前2齿稍短。花冠淡紫蓝色,长约8毫米,外被微柔毛,冠筒基部宽约1.2毫米,微超出于萼,向上渐宽,至喉部宽约3毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇直伸,先端微缺,下唇3裂,中裂片较宽大,长约2毫米,宽约3.5毫米,平展,边缘波状,基部宽,侧裂片半圆形。雄蕊伸出花冠,花丝细,扁平,无毛。花柱与雄蕊近等长,丝状,先端相等的2裂。花盘厚环状。子房裂片顶部具绒毛。成熟小坚果卵状长圆形,长约1.8毫米,宽约1.1毫米,腹面具棱,先端具短硬毛,褐色。花期6-9月,果期9-11月。
分布(Distribution):各地广泛分布,常见栽培,供药用。俄罗斯、朝鲜、日本及北美洲也有。
用途(Use):全草入药,有止呕吐,治霍乱腹痛,驱逐肠胃充气,清暑等效;果可作香料;叶及茎均富含挥发性芳香油,有浓郁的香味,为芳香油原料。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 106
Agastache rugosa (Fischer & C. Meyer) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 511. 1891.
藿香 huo xiang | Lamiaceae  | Agastache
Lophanthus rugosus Fischer & C. Meyer, Index Sem. Hort. Petrop. 1: 31. 1835; Elsholtzia monostachya H. Léveillé & Vaniot; L. argyi H. Léveillé ; L. formosanus Hayata.
Stems erect, 0.5-1.5 m tall, to 7-8 mm in diam., finely pubescent upward, branched, base glabrous. Leaves gradually reduced upward; petiole 1.5-3.5 cm; leaf blade cordate-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 4.5-11 × 3-6.5 cm, adaxially subglabrous, abaxially puberulent, glandular, base cordate or rarely cuneate, margin serrate, apex caudate-acuminate. Spikes compact, cylindric, 2.5-12 × 1.8-2.5 cm; floral leaves lanceolate-linear, less than 5 × 1-2 mm basally, 2-3 mm apically; peduncles of cymes ca. 3 mm. Calyx ± purplish or purple-red, tubular-obconical, ca. 8 × 2 mm, glandular puberulent, yellow glandular, throat slightly oblique; teeth triangular-lanceolate, 3 posterior teeth ca. 2.2 mm, 2 anterior teeth slightly shorter. Corolla purplish blue, ca. 8 mm, puberulent outside; tube base ca. 1.2 mm wide, slightly exserted, gradually dilated to ca. 3 mm wide at throat; upper lip straight, apex emarginate; middle lobe of lower lip larger, ca. 2 × 3.5 mm, spreading, margin undulate; lateral lobes semicircular. Ovary apex tomentose. Nutlets brown, ovoid-oblong, ca. 1.8 × 1.1 mm, adaxially ribbed, apically hirtellous. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Sep-Nov.
Widely distributed, but cultivated as a medicinal plant in China [Japan, Korea, Russia; North America]
Used medicinally for abdominal pain and as the source of an essential oil.
藿香Agastache rugosa

藿香Agastache rugosa

藿香Agastache rugosa
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