中文名（Chinese Name）：桂圆菊
学名（Scientific Name）：Spilanthes oleracea L.
英文名（English Common Name）：spilanthes
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Spilanthes oleracea L.  Spilanthes fusca hort.par. ex Lam.  Bidens fusca Lam.  Cotula pyrethraria L.  Isocarpha pyrethraria (L.) Cass.  Anacyclus pyrethraria (L.) Spreng.  Pyrethrum spilanthus Medik.  Bidens fixa Hook.f.  Bidens oleracea (L.) Cav. ex Steud.  Bidens acmelloides   Spilanthes acmella var. oleracea (L.) C.B.Clarke  Spilanthes oleracea var. fusca (Lam.) DC.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科（Compositae）金钮扣属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，株高15～30厘米。叶对生，具柄，叶缘有锯齿。头状花序单生于茎、枝的顶端或叶腋，花梗细而长。花黄色花果期几乎全年。
分布（Distribution）：巴西热带地区。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 862, 863
Acmella oleracea (Linnaeus) R. K. Jansen, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 8: 65. 1985.
桂圆菊 gui yuan ju | Asteraceae  | Acmella
Spilanthes oleracea Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 534. 1767.
Herbs, annual. Stems decumbent to usually erect, not rooting at nodes, green to red, glabrous. Petiole 2-6.4 cm, glabrous to very sparsely pilose, narrowly winged; leaf blade broadly ovate to deltate, 5-10 × 4-8 cm, usually glabrous on both surfaces, base truncate to shortly attenuate, margin dentate, apex shortly acuminate to usually acute. Capitula discoid, 10.5-23.5 × 11-17 mm; peduncles 3.5-12.5 cm, glabrous to very sparsely pilose; phyllaries 15-18, 3-seriate, herbaceous, entire to sinuate, sparsely ciliate, those of outer series 5 or 6, 5.8-7.3 × 2.1-2.8 mm, usually narrowly ovate to lanceolate or sometimes ovate, acute; receptacle 8.3-21.5 × 3.5-8.5 mm. Florets 400-600; corollas 2.7-3.3 mm, yellow, 5-lobed; tube 0.5-0.7 × 0.2-0.4 mm; lobes 0.3-0.6 × 0.2-0.4 mm; stamens 1.4-1.7 mm. Achenes 2-2.5 × 0.9-1.1 mm, moderately to densely ciliate with straight-tipped hairs; pappus of 2 subequal bristles, longer one 0.5-1.5 mm, shorter one 0.3-1.3 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul. 2n = 52, 60, 78.
Cultivated in S China, including Taiwan [originating in South America and known only from cultivation, but escaped in weedy habitats in many areas].
Acmella oleracea is cultivated for medicinal, insecticidal, and horticultural purposes.

（责任编辑：徐晔春）